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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    RV POSEIDON Fahrtbericht / Cruise Report POS534 STEMM-CCS: Strategies for Environmental Monitoring of Marine Carbon Capture and Storage Leg 1 : Kiel (Germany) – Aberdeen (United Kingdom) 01.05. – 22.05.2019 Leg 2: Aberdeen (United Kingdom) – Bremerhaven (Germany) 23.05. – 29.05.2019 (2019)
    Kiel : GEOMAR, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Ozeanforschung
    Details Availability
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 51 Seiten
    Series Statement: GEOMAR Report N. Ser. 52
    URL: https://oceanrep.geomar.de/47666/
    Language: English
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    GEOMAR CATALOGUE
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    RV PELAGIA Fahrtbericht/Cruise Report 64PE350/64PE351 – JEDDAH-TRANSECT ; 08.03. – 05.04.2012 Jeddah - Jeddah, 06.04 - 22.04.2012 Jeddah - Duba (2013)
    Kiel : GEOMAR, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Ozeanforschung
    Details Availability
    Keywords: Forschungsbericht
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 154 S. , zahlr. Ill., graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: GEOMAR Report N.S. 5
    URL: http://oceanrep.geomar.de/21327/
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.3289/GEOMAR_REP_NS_5_2012
    Language: English , German
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  • 3
    Book
    Book
    RV PELAGIA Fahrtbericht/Cruise Report 64PE350/64PE351 – JEDDAH-TRANSECT ; 08.03. – 05.04.2012 Jeddah - Jeddah, 06.04 - 22.04.2012 Jeddah - Duba (2013)
    Kiel : GEOMAR, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Ozeanforschung
    Details Availability
    Keywords: Forschungsbericht
    Type of Medium: Book
    Pages: 109, 27, VII S. , zahlr. Ill., graph. Darst.
    Series Statement: GEOMAR Report N.S. 5
    Language: English , German
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cerebral glucose metabolic and plasma catecholamine responses to the α2 adrenoceptor antagonist ethoxyidazoxan given to healthy volunteers (1999)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 146 (1999), S. 119-127 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Key words α2-Adrenoceptor ; Imidazoline ; Cerebral glucose metabolic rate ; Catecholamine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Rationale: Methods that test for the central effects of α2-adrenoceptor antagonists can facilitate the clinical development of such compounds. Recently we evaluated the effects of idazoxan (IDX), an α2-adrenoceptor antagonist with high affinity for imidazoline sites, on a variety of measures potentially sensitive to blockade of α2-adrenoceptors including regional brain glucose metabolic rate. Objective: To test whether these effects on brain metabolic rate could have been mediated by imidazoline binding sites, single dose challenges of 9 or 12 mcg/kg ethoxyidazoxan (ETX; an α2-adrenoceptor antagonist which does not bind to imidazoline sites) were given to healthy male volunteers. Methods: The effects on brain glucose metabolism, blood pressure, catecholamines, and behavior were assessed. Results: Blood pressure increased 10–15% after both doses. Plasma catecholamines increased 2- to 2.5-fold and responses were dose dependent. There was no evidence of either dose being anxiogenic. Both doses of ETX produced diffuse increases in brain glucose metabolism. Conclusions: Brain glucose metabolic responses were more widespread and monotonic than we had observed with IDX. ETX also produced robust increases in glucose metabolism in cerebellum. While we were unable to exclude the possibility that some of the brain metabolic responses we had observed with IDX were mediated by imidazoline sites, ETX may be sufficiently distinct from IDX in α2-adrenoceptor affinity that differences in acute metabolic responses occurred.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002130051097
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 5
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    Thermal small-steps staircase and layer migration in the Atlantis II Deep, Red Sea (2016)
    Springer
    In:  Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 9 (392).
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-02-01
    Description: Atlantis II Deep, a submarine basin of the Red Sea, is noteworthy because of its hydrothermally active brine pools. High-resolution temperature records from Poseidon Cruise during February 2011 revealed small steps thermal staircase in the lower transition zone from ≈2002 to 2008/2009 m depth at stations. Four vertically well-mixed convective layers, lower convective layer (LCL) and upper convective layers (UCL1–3), separated by high-temperature gradients at the interfaces were observed. The temperature of the layers UCL1–3 has dropped between 2008 and 2011. The top of UCL3 extends to about 2008/2009 m at stations and its average thickness has increased from 3.3 ± 0.5 m in 1992 to 7 m in 2011, whereas the thickness of layers UCL1–2 has decreased from 25.2 ± 0.3 m to 19.8 m and from 16.4 ± 0.5 m to 14.7 m, respectively, during this time. The upward buoyancy flux is 0.032 to 0.038 × 10−7 m2 s−3 which gives migration speed of UCL3 layer from 0.1 to 0.12 m year−1. With this speed, the thermal staircase ≈6 m thick will merge with UCL3 in 50 to 60 years increasing the thickness from 7 m to nearly 13 m.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1007/s12517-016-2399-5
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 6
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    Expelled subsalt fluids form a pockmark field in the eastern Red Sea (2016)
    Springer
    In:  Geo-Marine Letters, 36 (5). pp. 339-352.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-02-01
    Description: This study aimed to constrain the source area of fluids responsible for the formation of a pockmark field in the eastern Red Sea. The newly discovered field extends over an area of at least 1,000 km2 at a water depth of ~400 m. The pockmarks have modal diameters of 140–150 m and are either randomly distributed on the seafloor or aligned within valleys approximately 25 m deep and several kilometres in length. Seismic data show that chimneys and/or regions of acoustic turbidity prevail beneath the pockmark field down to the top of Miocene evaporites, which are widespread in the Red Sea. Four gravity cores were taken from the pockmark field. For most of the cores, geochemical analyses show that porewater has a higher Cl concentration than the local seawater and increased Cl/Br ratios, which indicate an origin from evaporites. The adsorbed hydrocarbons are of thermal origin, with C1/(C2+C3) ratios between 4 and 23 and stable carbon isotope data for methane varying from δ13C of –34 to –36.4‰ with respect to Vienna Pee Dee Belemnite. On the basis of the calculated maturity of the source rock of 1.2–1.4 Ro, local thermal gradients and sedimentation rates, its deeper depth boundary is approximated at 2,000 to 2,200 m. The results indicate that the adsorbed hydrocarbons sampled at the seafloor had to pass through an evaporite sequence of potentially several hundred metres to a few km in thickness. The most likely explanation for the increased permeability of the evaporite sequence is brittle deformation triggered by extensive local tectonic movements and supported by high fluid overpressure within the evaporite sequence.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1007/s00367-016-0451-9
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 7
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    Authigenic carbonate mineral formation in the Pagassitikos palaeolake during the latest Pleistocene, central Greece (2012)
    Springer
    In:  Geo-Marine Letters, 33 (1). pp. 13-29.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-05-19
    Description: The Pagassitikos Gulf in Greece is a semi-enclosed bay with a maximum depth of 102 m. According to the present-day bathymetric configuration and the sea level during the latest Pleistocene, the gulf would have been isolated from the open sea, forming a palaeolake since ~32 cal. ka b.p. Sediment core B-4 was recovered from the deepest sector of the gulf and revealed evidence of a totally different depositional environment in the lowest part of the core: this contained light grey-coloured sediments, contrasting strongly with overlying olive grey muds. Multi-proxy analyses showed the predominance of carbonate minerals (aragonite, dolomite and calcite) and gypsum in the lowest part of the core. Carbonate mineral deposition can be attributed to autochthonous precipitation that took place in a saline palaeolake with high evaporation rates during the last glacial–early deglacial period; the lowest core sample to be AMS 14C dated provided an age of 19.53 cal. ka b.p. The palaeolake was presumably reconnected to the open sea at ~13.2 cal. ka b.p. during the last sea-level rise, marking the commencement of marine sedimentation characterised by the predominance of terrigenous aluminosilicates and fairly constant depositional conditions lasting up to the present day.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1007/s00367-012-0306-y
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 8
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    Cold-seep-driven carbonate deposits at the Central American forearc: contrasting evolution and timing in escarpment and mound settings (2014)
    Springer
    In:  International Journal of Earth Sciences, 103 (7). pp. 1845-1872.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-09-23
    Description: Continuous surface cores of cold-seep carbonates were recovered offshore Pacific Nicaragua and Costa Rica from 800 to 1,500-m water depths (Meteor 66/3) in order to decipher their evolution and methane enriched fluid emanation in contrasting geological settings. Cores from the mounds Iguana, Perezoso, Baula V and from the Jaco Scarp escarpment were used for a multi-method approach. For both settings aragonite was revealed as dominant authigenic carbonate phase in vein fillings and matrix cementation, followed by Mg-calcite as second most abundant. This common precipitation process of CaCO3 polymorphs could be ascribed as indirectly driven by chemical changes of the advecting pore water due to anaerobic oxidation of methane. A more direct influence of seep-related microbial activity on the authigenic mineral assemblage in both settings is probably reflected by the observed minor amounts of dolomite and a dolomite-like CaMg carbonate (MgCO3 ~ 42 %). δ13C data of Jaco Scarp samples are significantly lower (−43 to −56 ‰ PDB) than for mound samples (−22 to −36 ‰ PDB), indicating differences in fluid composition and origin. Noteworthy, δ18O values of Scarp samples correlate most closely with the ocean signature at their time of formation. Documenting the archive potential, a high resolution case study of a mound core implies at least 40 changes in fluid supply within a time interval of approximately 14 ky. As most striking difference, the age data indicate a late-stage downward-progressing cementation front for all three mound cap structures (approx. 2–5 cm/ky), but a significantly faster upward carbonate buildup in the bulging sediments on top of the scarp environment (approx. 120 cm/ky). The latter data set leads to the hypothesis of chemoherm carbonate emplacement in accord with reported sedimentation rates until decompression of the advective fluid system, probably caused by the Jaco Scarp landslide and dating this to approximately 13,000 years ago.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1007/s00531-014-1045-2
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 9
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    Active mud volcanoes on the upper slope of the western Nile deep-sea fan - first results from the P362/2 cruise of R/V Poseidon (2010)
    Springer
    In:  Geo-Marine Letters, 30 (3/4). pp. 169-186.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-05-19
    Description: In February 2008, cruise P362/2 was undertaken aboard R/V Poseidon to the Giza and North Alex mud volcanoes (MVs) on the upper slope of the western Nile deep-sea fan. Emitted fluids were strongly depleted in chloride and rich in hydrocarbons, predominantly of thermogenic origin. In-situ sediment temperature measurements indicate extremely high and moderate levels of activity for the North Alex MV and Giza MV, respectively, and suggest rapid changes from dormant to active stages. Both the physical properties of core sediments (e.g., color and magnetic susceptibility), and their assemblages of micro- and nannofossils point to different sources for the two mud volcanoes. Biostratigraphic dating suggests source depths of 2,100–2,450 mbsf for the Giza MV and 1,150–1,550 mbsf for the North Alex MV. Very high temperatures of up to 70°C in shallow sediments at the North Alex MV can be explained only if the fluid source were warmer and deeper than the sediment source.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1007/s00367-010-0192-0
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 10
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    Geochemical classification of brine-filled Red Sea deeps (2015)
    Springer
    In:  In: The Red Sea: The Formation, Morphology, Oceanography and Environment of a Young Ocean Basin. , ed. by Rasul, N. and Stewart, I. C. F. Springer Earth System Sciences . Springer, Berlin, pp. 219-233. ISBN 978-3-662-45200-4
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-12-10
    Description: The major geochemical characteristics of Red Sea brine are summarized for 11 brine-filled deeps located along the central graben axis between 19°N and 27°N. The major element composition of the different brine pools is mainly controlled by variable mixing situations of halite-saturated solution (evaporite dissolution) with Red Sea deep water. The brine chemistry is also influenced by hydrothermal water/rock interaction, whereas magmatic and sedimentary rock reactions can be distinguished by boron, lithium, and magnesium/calcium chemistry. Moreover, hydrocarbon chemistry (concentrations and δ13C data) of brine indicates variable injection of light hydrocarbons from organic source rocks and strong secondary (bacterial or thermogenic) degradation processes. A simple statistical cluster analysis approach was selected to look for similarities in brine chemistry and to classify the various brine pools, as the measured chemical brine compositions show remarkably strong concentration variations for some elements. The cluster analysis indicates two main classes of brine. Type I brine chemistry (Oceanographer and Kebrit Deeps) is controlled by evaporite dissolution and contributions from sediment alteration. The Type II brine (Suakin, Port Sudan, Erba, Albatross, Discovery, Atlantis II, Nereus, Shaban, and Conrad Deeps) is influenced by variable contributions from volcanic/magmatic rock alteration. The chemical brine classification can be correlated with the sedimentary and tectonic setting of the related depressions. Type I brine-filled deeps are located slightly off-axis from the central Red Sea graben. A typical “collapse structure formation” which has been defined for the Kebrit Deep by evaluating seismic and geomorphological data probably corresponds to our Type I brine. Type II brine located in depressions in the northern Red Sea (i.e., Conrad and Shaban Deeps) could be correlated to “volcanic intrusion-/extrusion-related” deep formation. The chemical indications for hydrothermal influence on Conrad and Shaban Deep brine can be related to brines from the multi-deeps region in the central Red Sea, where volcanic/magmatic fluid/rock interaction is most obvious. The strongest hydrothermal influence is observed in Atlantis II brine (central multi-deeps region), which is also the hottest Red Sea brine body in 2011 (~68.2 °C).
    Type: Book chapter , NonPeerReviewed
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-662-45201-1_13
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    OceanRep: Book chapter
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