Note: Intro -- front-matter -- Table of Contents -- Preface -- 1 -- Types, Properties and Characteristics of Piezoelectric Materials -- 1. Introduction -- 1.1 Single crystals -- 1.2 Ceramics -- 1.3 Composites -- 1.4 Polymers -- 1.5 Sensor configuration based on shape and size -- 1.6 Classification based on dimension -- 2. Properties of piezoelectric materials -- 2.1 Basic equations -- 2.2 Curie temperature -- 2.3 Phase transition -- 2.4 High dielectric constant -- 2.5 Sensitivity -- 2.6 Electromechanical Coupling Factor (k) -- 2.7 Resistivity (R) and time constant (RC) -- 2.7 Quality factors (mechanical and electrical) -- 2.8 Figure of Merit (FOM) and strain coefficient -- 2.9 Piezoelectric resonance frequency -- 2.10 Thermal expansion -- 2.11 Ageing -- 3. Characterization of piezoelectric materials -- 3.1 Measurement of piezoelectric coefficient -- 3.2 Measurement of dielectric constant -- 3.3 Measurement of Curie temperature -- 3.4 Etching and poling -- 3.5 Measurement of hysteresis (PE/SE) loops -- Conclusions -- References -- 2 -- Fabrication Approaches for Piezoelectric Materials -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Preparation techniques for piezoelectric ceramics -- 2.1 Synthesis of ceramic powders -- 2.1 Solid-state reaction -- 2.2 Co-precipitation -- 2.3 Alkoxide hydrolysis -- 2.4 The sintering method -- 2.5 Templated grain growth -- 3. Piezoelectric materials in device fabrication -- 4. Bio-piezoelectric materials -- 4.1 Types bio-piezoelectric materials -- 4.2 Synthesis strategies -- 4.2.1 Thin films -- 4.2.2 Nanoplatforms -- 5. Challenges -- 5.1 Piezoelectric ceramics -- 5.2 Bio-piezoelectric materials -- Conclusion -- References -- 3 -- Piezoelectric Materials-based Nanogenerators -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Piezoelectricity and crystallography -- 3. Maxwell's equations and piezoelectric nanogenerator -- 4. Piezoelectric materials for nanogenerators. , 4.1 Ceramic -- 4.1.1 Zinc oxide -- 4.1.2 Barium titanate -- 4.1.3 Lead zirconate titanate (PZT) -- 4.2 Polymer -- 4.2.1 PVDF and its copolymer -- 4.2.2 Polylactic acid -- 4.2.3 Cellulose -- 4.3 Ferroelectret -- 4.4 PVDF based composite -- 4.4.1 Ceramic filler -- 4.4.2 Carbon-based filler -- 4.4.3 Metal based filler -- 4.4.4 Other fillers -- 5. Applications of piezoelectric nanogenerator -- 5.1 Power source of electronic devices -- 5.2 Sensing application -- 6. Challenges and future scopes -- Conclusions -- Acknowledgement -- References -- 4 -- Piezoelectric Materials based Phototronics -- 1. Introduction -- 1.1 Piezoelectric effect -- 1.2 Piezotronic effect -- 2. Piezo-phototronic effect -- 3. Piezoelectric semiconductor NWs -- 4. Effect on 2D materials -- 5. Effect on 3rd generation semiconductors -- 6. Piezo-phototronic effect on LED -- 7. Piezo-phototronic effect on solar cell -- 8. Piezo-phototronics in luminescence applications -- 9. Piezo-phototronics in other applications -- References -- 5 -- Piezoelectric Composites and their Applications -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The mechanism of piezoelectricity and principle of PZT-polymer composites -- 3. Piezoelectric materials -- 4 Applications of piezoelectric composite materials -- 4.1 Energy harvesting applications -- 4.2 Medical applications of piezoelectric materials -- 4.2.1 Piezoelectric medical devices -- 4.2.2 Piezoelectric sensors -- 4.2.3 Piezoelectric prosthetic skin -- 4.2.4 Cochlear implants -- 4.2.5 Piezoelectric surgery -- 4.2.6 Ultrasonic dental scaling -- 4.2.7 Microdosing -- 4.2.8 Energy harvesting -- 4.2.9 Catheter applications -- 4.2.10 Neural stimulators -- 4.2.11 Healthcare monitoring -- 5. Structural health monitoring and repair -- Conclusion -- References -- 6 -- Piezoelectric Materials for Biomedical and Energy Harvesting Applications -- 1. Introduction. , 1.1 Types of advance piezoelectric functional materials -- 1.1.1 Polymer piezocomposite -- 1.1.2 Ceramics piezocomposite -- 1.1.3 Polymer ceramics piezocomposite -- 2. Applications -- 2.1 Microelectromechanical system (MEMS) devices -- 2.2 MEMS generators for energy harvesting -- 2.3 MEMS sensor -- 2.3.1 Pressure sensor -- 2.3.2 Healthcare sensor -- 2.3.3 Cell and tisusse regenration -- Conclusion -- Reference -- 7 -- Piezoelectric Thin Films and their Applications -- 1. Piezoelectric thin films -- 2. Lead free piezoelectric thin films -- 2.1 AlN thin films -- 2.2 ZnO thin films -- 2.2.1 Synthesis of ZnO thin films -- 2.3 KNN thin films -- 2.3.1 Synthesis of KNN thin films -- 3. Characterization techniques for piezoelectric thin film -- 3.1 Resonance spectrum method -- 3.2 Pneumatic loading method and normal loading method -- 3.3 Characterizations using capacitance measurements -- 4. Applications -- 4.1 Energy harvesting -- 4.2 Actuators -- 4.3 Electronics -- 4.4 Acoustic biosensors -- 4.5 Surface acoustic wave (SAW) biosensors -- 5. Recent developments in piezoelectric thin film devices -- Conclusion -- References -- 8 -- Bulk Lead-Free Piezoelectric Perovskites and their Applications -- 1. Perovskites -- 2. Lead free perovskites -- 3. Processing of lead-free perovskites -- 4. Piezoelectricity in lead free perovskite -- 4.1 Fundamentals of piezoelectricity -- 5. Different lead-free piezoceramics and their applications -- 5.1 KNN based ceramics -- 5.2 Bismuth sodium titanate based piezoceramics and their applications -- 5.3 BaTiO3 (BT) based piezo-ceramics -- 5.3.1 BaTiO3 ceramics phase boundary -- 5.3.2 Factors in phase boundaries -- 5.3.3 Sintering and curie temperature -- 5.4 Bismuth based piezoceramics -- 5.4.1 Phase boundary in BFO-based ceramics -- 5.4.1.1 Ion substitution -- 5.4.1.2 Addition of ABO3. , 5.4.2 Temperature stability of strain properties -- 5.4.3 Relationship between piezoelectricity and phase boundaries -- 6. Requirements for piezoceramic applications -- 6.1 Actuators -- 6.2 Sensors -- 6.3 Transducers -- 6.3.1 Piezoelectric transducers -- 6.4 Resonators -- Conclusion -- References -- 9 -- Piezoelectric Materials for Sensor Applications -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Piezoelectric mechanism -- 3. Types of piezoelectric materials -- 4. Fabrication methods -- 5. Applications of piezoelectric materials -- 5.1 Applications in wearable and implanted biomedical devices -- 5.2 Piezoelectric materials for energy applications -- 5.3 Piezoelectric materials in tissue engineering -- 5.4 Piezoelectric materials in other applications -- Conclusion and outlook -- References -- back-matter -- Keyword Index -- About the Editors.