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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Herbage intake and liveweight gain of bulls and steers continuously stocked at fixed sward heights during autumn and spring (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 48 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Two experiments were conducted to examine the relationship between sward surface height, herbage intake and liveweight gain in beef cattle grazed on pasture. In Experiment 1, two ‘animal types’ (18 Charolais × Angus steers and 18 Friesian bulls) were continuously grazed for 22 days during the late autumn on replicated swards maintained at sward surface heights of 6, 10 and 15 cm. Herbage intakes, assessed from the faecal concentration of chromium delivered from an intraruminal controlled release capsule and the in vitro digestibility of hand-plucked herbage samples, were curvilinearly related to sward height (r = 0·76, p〈0·0·01). Average liveweight gains were 0·02, 0·61 and 1·31 kg d-1 (P 〈0·05) and increased linearly (r= 0·84, P 〈0·001) with sward height. The maintenance organic matter intakes of the steers and bulls, with initial mean (± s.e.) live weights of 225 ± 15 kg and 172 ± 15 kg respectively, were estimated to be 3·6 and 3·5 kg d-1 respectively. In Experiment 2 (spring) 36 cattle, including 35 of those used in Experiment 1, were reallocated to sward heights of 5, 10 and 15 cm using the same design as for Experiment 1. Average liveweight gains were 0·94, 1·57 and 1·68kg d-1 (p 0·05) and were curvilinearly related to sward height (r= 0·093, p 〈0·05). Maintenance intakes could not be reliably extimated for the cattle in Experiment 2 because few animals had liveweight gains close to zero. These trials confirm that liveweight gain in continuously grazed finishing steers and bulls increases with sward surface height to maximum of 8–10cm with spring ryegrass/white clover pastures while, in autumn, swards of 12–15cm height are required to achieve maximum performance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1993.tb01843.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    F plasmid CcdB killer protein ccdB gene mutants coding for non-cytotoxic proteins which retain their regulatory functions (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Molecular microbiology 15 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2958
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The ccd locus of the F plasmid codes for two gene products, CcdA and CcdB, which contribute to the plasmid's high stability by post-segregational killing of plasmid-free bacteria. Like the quinolones, the CcdB protein is a poison of the DNA-topoisomerase II complexes, while CcdA acts as an antidote against CcdB. in addition to these poison-antipoison properties, the CcdA and CcdB proteins act together at transcription level to repress their own synthesis. In this work, we have isolated, in vivo., and characterized several non-killer CcdB mutants. All missense mutations which inactivate CcdB killer activity are located in the region coding for the last three C-terminal residues. However, the resulting mutant CcdB proteins retain their auto-regulatory properties. We conclude that the last three C-terminal residues of CcdB play a key role in poisoning but are not involved in repressor formation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2958.1995.tb02278.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A two-component signal-transducing system is involved in competence and penicillin susceptibility in laboratory mutants of Streptococcus pneumoniae (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Molecular microbiology 12 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2958
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Penicillin resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae has been attributed so far to the production of penicillin-binding protein (PBP) variants with decreased affinities for β-lactam antibiotics. Cefotaxime-resistant laboratory mutants, selected after several steps on increasing concentrations of this β-lactam, become deficient in transformation as well. A DNA fragment conferring both cefotaxime resistance and transformation deficiency was isolated and cloned from the mutant C306. The cefotaxime resistance associated with this resistance determinant was not accompanied with apparent changes in PBP properties, and it mapped on the chromosome distinct from the known resistance determinants, genes encoding PBP2x, PBP1a or PBP2b. Determination of a 2265 bp DNA sequence of the resistance determinant revealed two open reading frames, claR and claH, whose deduced amino acid sequence identified the corresponding proteins as the response regulator and histidine kinase receptor, respectively (members of the two families of bacterial signal-transducing proteins). Two hydrophobic peptide regions divided the histidine kinase ClaH into two putative domains: an N-terminal extracelluiar sensor part, and an intracelluiar C-terminal domain with the conserved His-226 residue, the presumed phosphorylation site. The single point mutations responsible for cefotaxime-resistance and transformation deficiency of C306 and of another two independently isolated cefotaxime-resistant mutants were each located in the C-terminal half of ClaH. A small extracellular protein, the competence factor, is required for induction of competence. Neither C306 nor the transformants obtained with the mutated claH gene produced competence factor, and exogenous competence factor could not complement the transformation deficiency, indicating that the signal-transducing system cia is involved in early steps of competence regulation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2958.1994.tb01038.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    INTERACTION BETWEEN INTERFERON AND HOST GENES IN ANTIVIRAL DEFENSE (1980)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 350 (1980), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1980.tb20657.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Two-dimensional gel analysis of the influenza B proteins of the transcriptase complex (1981)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 12 (1981), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1981.tb07619.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New comb-like polymers with prospective nonlinear optical properties (1992)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 193 (1992), S. 2445-2451 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: New methacrylic copolymers with prospective second-order nonlinear optical effects are synthesized by radical copolymerization of methyl methacrylate with conjugated zwitterionic methacrylate monomers (2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-[1-(ω-methacryloyloxyalkyl)-4-pyridino]phenolates,1a and 1b). These monomers are obtained via a multi-step reaction. First, 4-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)pyridine (2) is electrosynthesized by an SRN1 reaction in liquid ammonia. Then, this pyridine derivative is N-alkylated by an ω-bromoalkyl methacrylate (5a or 5b) which, in its turn, is obtained by esterification of an ω-bromoalcohol and methacryloyl chloride.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1992.021930927
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Self-adaptive stress analysis based on stress convergence (1987)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 1973-1992 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A new algorithm for self-adaptive stress analysis is presented. The algorithm is based on h-convergence and uses the measured stress convergence rate as an error indicator. A theoretical relation between stress convergence rate and pointwise error of stresses is derived for both the 1-D and 2-D case. Some examples are presented to illustrate the behaviour of the algorithm.
    Additional Material: 24 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620241011
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Correlated distribution of actin, myosin, and microtubules at the leading edge of migrating swiss 3T3 fibroblasts (1989)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Motility and the Cytoskeleton 14 (1989), S. 527-543 
    Details
    ISSN: 0886-1544
    Keywords: immunofluorescence ; video-enhanced contrast microscopy ; protrusions ; lamellipodia ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The formation of lamellipodia in migrating cells involves dynamic processes that occur in a cyclic manner as the leading edge of a cell slowly advances. We used video-enhanced contrast microscopy (VEC) to monitor the motile behavior of cells to classify protrusions into the temporal stages of initial and established protrusions (Fisher et al.: Cell Motility and the Cytoskeleton 11:235-247, 1988), and to monitor the fixation of cells. Multiple parameter fluorescence imaging methods (DeBiasio et al.: Journal of Cell Biology 105:1613-1622, 1987; Waggoner et al.: Methods in Cell Biology, Vol. 30, Part B, pp. 449-478, 1989) were then used to determine and to map accurately the distributions of actin, myosin and microtubules in specific types of protrusions. Initial protrustions exhibited no substructure as evidenced by VEC and actin was diffusely arranged, while myosin and microtubules were absent. Newly established protrusions contained diffuse actin as well as actin in microspikes. There was a delay in the appearance of myosin into established protrusions relative to the presence of actin. Microtubules were found in established protrusions after myosin was detected, and they were oriented parallel to the direction of migration. Actin and myosin were also localized in fibers transverse to the direction of migration at the base of initial and established protrusions. Image analysis was used to quantify the orientation of actin fibers relative to the leading edge of motile cells. The combined use of VEC, multiple parameter immunofluorescence, and image analysis should have a major impact on defining complex relationships within cells.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cm.970140410
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A rheological method for the study of crosslinking of ethylene acetate and ethylene acrylic ester copolymer in a polypropylene matrix (1992)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 32 (1992), S. 998-1003 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Transesterification may be used to crosslink a copolymer such as ethylene vinyl acetate with poly(ethylene acrylate-co-propylene) in the presence of dibutyltin oxide as a catalyst. A rheological study of the mechanism of this exchange reaction has been made: The kinetics of the crosslinking reaction was determined by studying the time and temperature dependence of the dynamic storage modulus G′(t, T)ω. Kinetic curves obtained for different reactive blends (EVA, PP/EVA, and PPf/EVA) allowed for the evaluation of the activation energy of the reaction and, thus, specified the appropriate parameters (temperature and time) for carrying out this reaction in a molten state.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760321504
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Continuous crosslinking of ethylene vinyl acetate and ethylene methyl acrylate copolymer blends by on-line microwave heating (1994)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 34 (1994), S. 1011-1015 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The transesterification reaction catalyzed by dibutyltin oxide has been used to crosslink miscible blends (at about 200°C) of ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) and ethylene methyl acrylate (EMA) copolymers. Then, microwave heating at 2.45 GHz with the fundamental TE01 mode was used for activation of this crosslinking reaction. The microwave treatment was carried out in a continuous process through a resonant cavity on line with a twin screw extruder equipped with a strip die or a circular die, which imposed the shape of the samples in the waveguide. Therefore, a shape factor due to the geometry of the samples and their orientation with respect to the electromagnetic field was defined. Last, this technique was applied to the microwave crosslinking of an EVA/EMA blend dispersed in a polypropylene matrix and consequently offers a new route to control the morphology of the polymer blends.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760341210
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