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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Standing at work and preterm delivery (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 102 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Objective Guidelines in some European countries and the United States suggest that pregnant women should avoid prolonged standing and heavy lifting in the workplace during the second and third trimester of pregnancy. However, results from epidemiological studies on this topic are ambiguous. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of standing and walking at work in the second trimester on preterm delivery in a population with a low frequency of other workplace hazards.Subjects and design A prospective cohort of 8711 women with singleton pregnancies was established during 1989 through 1991. Information was collected during the 16th week of pregnancy about medical and obstetrical history, general lifestyle factors and exposures at work. The analyses were restricted to 4259 respondents who worked at the 16th week. Potential confounders and effect modifiers were evaluated by stratification and multivariate analyses.Results After adjustment for confounders, women standing more than five hours per work day had an odds ratio (OR) for preterm delivery of 1.2 (95% CI 0.6 to 2.4) compared with women standing two hours or less. For walking, the OR was 1.4 (95% CI 0.7 to 2.5). Many women were unable to separate periods of standing from periods of walking; a combined measure of these two exposures was created to reflect exposure intensity. Women who reported more than five hours of both standing and walking had an adjusted OR of 3.3 (95% CI 1.4 to 8.0) compared with women who reported two hours or less on either of the exposures. No adverse effects were seen for lifting or other types of physical exertion.Conclusions Our findings suggest that standing and walking at work during the second trimester may present a particular risk for preterm delivery, and workplace guidelines are justified. Further research is needed to address the specific mechanisms by which physical exertion, including standing and walking, might cause preterm delivery.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1995.tb09094.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    NUCLEOSIDE METABOLISM IN BRAIN EXTRACTS FROM RAT, RABBIT AND GUINEA PIG (1960)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 6 (1960), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1960.tb13444.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY OF THE ENDOMETRIAL CELL SURFACE IN POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN RECEIVING OESTROGEN THERAPY (1981)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 88 (1981), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The surface ultrastructure of normal and abnormal endometrial cells from patients receiving oestrogen therapy for the climacteric syndrome was studied by scanning electron microscopy. Patients with endometrial pathology were treated with oral progestogens. Excessive oestrogen stimulation caused proliferation of cilia and microvilli. Cystic hyperplasia was characterised by a proliferation of cilia until they covered more than one-third of the surface area of the endometrium; further proliferation occurred in cases of adenomatous hyperplasia when the surface was almost completely covered with cilia. Cell morphology remained apparently normal until atypical hyperplasia, when occasional cells appeared large and irregular, or adenocarcinoma occurred, when the surface cells appeared large, pleomorphic and sometimes wrinkled, being mostly devoid of cilia. Although cystic hyperplasia was converted to a normal histological picture of atrophic or pseudo-decidual endometrium by courses of progestogen, the deciliated endometrial cells showed persisting abnormal ultrastructural characteristics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1981.tb02227.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    THE INCIDENCE OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF FETAL MOVEMENTS DURING PREGNANCY (1979)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 86 (1979), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: In high risk pregnancies with severe fetal distress, a reduction of fetal movements may take place before fetal death occurs. This decrease is accompanied by a weakening of the fetal movements. One hundred and twenty pregnant women (310 recordings) between 20 and 41 weeks gestation recorded fetal movements and classified them into weak, strong, and rolling. The movements noted by the woman were correlated to those recorded by a fetal movements recorder. The rate of weak movements gradually decreased until the 36 to 37th week, while the strong and rolling movements increased. From the 36 to 37th week till term weak movements increased again with a decline in strong and rolling movements. Before fetal death, or in severe fetal distress with decreased total movements, the relative rate of weak movements increased. Reduction in daily total movements without a change in the distribution of the type of movement may not indicate fetal distress.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1979.tb10675.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Physicochemical characterization and differentiation of the components of the cutaneous basement membrane zone (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 137 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Many of the techniques used in the diagnosis and characterization of the acquired blistering diseases of the skin and of their target antigens require the use of tissue that has been modified by heat, chemicals, or by proteolytic digestion. The effect these treatments may have on the blistering disease antigens is poorly understood and has seldom been taken into account in the interpretation of the results. Likewise, their effect on the immunodetection and expression of the ubiquitous proteins of the basement membrane zone and extracellular matrix has rarely been investigated. We have addressed this problem by probing tissue split after heat, chemical treatment and proteolytic digestion with an extensive panel of antibodies to the hemidesmosome-plasma membrane-anchoring filament complex, the extracellular matrix and the anchoring fibrils. The results showed that chemical modification by sodium chloride, calcium chloride and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, and incubation in 0.15 mol/L NaCl at 56°C for 1 min did not adversely affect the expression of the α6β4 integrin, laminin-5, the LH39 antigen, laminin-1, collagen type IV or collagen type VII. The methods that involved proteolytic digestion had thegreatest detrimental effect on these basement membrane components, with pepsin having a damaging effect on the greatest number of antigens, and the LH39 antigen being the most sensitive to proteolytic degradation. This project has highlighted the susceptibility of the basement membrane zone and extracellular matrix proteins to proteolytic hydrolysis. It has demonstrated a way of differentiating between specific proteins, and has shown its potential for the differential diagnosis of the autoimmumme blistering disease antigens.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.1997.19842065.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Linear IgA disease: a report of two dermal binding sera which recognize a pepsin-sensitive epitope (?NC-1 domain) of collagen type VII (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 137 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Linear IgA disease is a subepidermal blistering disease characterized by IgA autoantibody deposition at the basement membrane zone of skin and mucosa. The antigens targeted in linear IgA disease have been defined by their molecular weight and localization. It has been proposed that a minority of linear IgA disease sera that bind to the dermal aspect of salt-split skin target collagen type VII. We have identified two patients with linear IgA disease using dermal binding IgA autoantibodies on salt-split skin which recognize collagen type VII by immunoblot analysis. The reactive epitope was destroyed by the proteolytic enzymes pepsin, which destroys the NC-1 domain of collagen type VII, and protease type VIII. Localization studies compared the IgA autoantibodies from these patients with the monoclonal antibody LH7.2 to the NC-1 domain of collagen type VII and showed colocalization on a dermal cylindroma tumour tissue, and a similar distribution with immunogold electron microscopy, using purified blister fluid from one patient. We propose from these results that the IgA autoantibodies from these two patients recognize the NC-1 domain of collagen type VII, the classical immunodominant epitope for epidermolysis bullosa acquisita.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1997.tb03781.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The location of binding sites of pemphigus vulgaris and pemphigus foliaceus autoantibodies: a post-embedding immunoelectron microscopic study (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 136 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Pemphigus is a life-threatening autommune blistering discase of skin and mucous membranes that has two major subtypes based on clinical and histolgical features, pemphigus vulgaris (PV) and pemphigus foliaceus (PF). Autoantibodies against the PV antigen (desmoglein 3) and the PF antigen (desmoglein 1) are involved in the pathogenesis of blister formation. In the present study, the location of epitopes recognized by autoantibodies of patients with PV and PF was studied by postembedding immunogold electron microscopy. PV and PF autoantibodies were observed bound predominantly to the intercellular domains of desmosomes, but not to the non-desmosomal keratinocyte cell surface. The relationship between the location of PF antigen and other constitutive desmosomal proteins. desmocollin, desmoplakin and plakoglobin, in normal human skin was investigated using a double immunogold labelling techinique. It was observed that PF antigen and desmocollin co-localize within the intercellular domain of the desmosomes. In contrast, the antibodies against desmoplakin and plakoglobin bound predominantly to the intracellular desmosomal attachment plaque with the binding site of the antibody against plakoglobin closer to the desmosomal cell membrane than that of the antibody to desmoplakin. We show that the LR White postembedded immunogold electronmicroscopy technique is convenient and easily applied to studied to studies of autoimmune bullous skin diseases. We have used it to demonstrated the precise localization of the binding sites of PV and PF autoantibodies and their reltionship with other constitutive desmosomal proteins.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.1997.01823.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Spatial Organization of a Local Labor Market: Employment and Residential Patterns in a Cohort of Engineering and Scientific Workers (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Growth and change 23 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-2257
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geography , Economics
    Notes: A case study of the local labor market for engineers and scientists at three Lockheed plants in the Los Angeles metropolitan area is presented. The specifications of a questionnaire survey are described and a detailed statistical profile of questionnaire respondents is laid out. It is shown that the local labor market is highly concentrated in geographical space and that both job shifts and residence shifts of sampled workers tend to be extremely localized within the urban area. It is suggested that local labor markets with features like these are a source of significant agglomeration economies for employers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2257.1992.tb00574.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electronics Assembly Subcontracting in Southern California: Production Processes, Employment, and Location (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Growth and change 22 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-2257
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geography , Economics
    Notes: In this paper, I deal with three main facets of the electronics assembly subcontract industry in Southern California: (a) its technological and organizational structure, (b) its employment characteristics, and (c) its transactional-locational logic. I begin by describing production processes in the industry, and I suggest that the industry is marked by two distinctive kinds of flexible specialization. On the basis of a questionnaire survey, I show that the industry's labor force is composed for the most part of women and immigrants, and that there is a fairly distinctive gender and ethnic division of labor within individual establishments. I show too that the industry is typically arranged in an agglomerated locational pattern resulting from its transactions-intensive nature. I end the paper with a brief allusion to some possible restructuring trends that may affect the future functioning and locational structure of the industry.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2257.1991.tb00539.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Drug-induced bullous pemphigoid with dermal fluorescence on salt-split skin (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology 7 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The immunological features of drug-induced bullous pemphigoid appear to be similar to those of idiopathic bullous pemphigoid (BP), with presence of circulating and tissue-bound antibodies showing anti-basement membrane zone specificity. We describe a 28-year-old woman who developed a widespread blistering eruption with marked involvement of the mucous membranes shortly after commencing treatment with oral flucloxacillin. The eruption gradually cleared following drug withdrawal and treatment with oral corticosteroids. Indirect immunofluorescence showed circulating IgG anti-basement membrane zone (BMZ) antibody and C3 which bound to the dermal aspect of salt-split skin, and direct immunofluorescence (IMF) of perilesional skin showed a linear band of C3 at the BMZ. Western immunoblotting of the patient's serum showed positive reactivity with a 180 kDa antigen in epidermal extracts and no reactivity with dermal extracts. The dermal-binding pattern on indirect IMF with salt-split skin only occurs in a minority of patients with BP and has not been described previously in a drug-induced case.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-3083.1996.tb00582.x
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