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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    El Niño southern oscillation in a changing climate (2020)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-American Geophysical Union
    Details Availability
    Keywords: Climatic changes ; Ocean-atmosphere interaction ; Climatic changes ; Ocean-atmosphere interaction ; El Niño Current ; Pacific Ocean ; El Niño Current ; El-Niño-Phänomen ; Southern oscillation ; Klimaänderung
    Description / Table of Contents: "Comprehensive and up-to-date information on Earth's most dominant year-to-year climate variation The El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) in the Pacific Ocean has major worldwide social and economic consequences through its global scale effects on atmospheric and oceanic circulation, marine and terrestrial ecosystems, and other natural systems. Ongoing climate change is projected to significantly alter ENSO's dynamics and impacts. El Niño Southern Oscillation in a Changing Climate presents the latest theories, models, and observations, and explores the challenges of forecasting ENSO as the climate continues to change. Volume highlights include: Historical background on ENSO and its societal consequences - Review of key El Niño (ENSO warm phase) and La Niña (ENSO cold phase) characteristics - Mathematical description of the underlying physical processes that generate ENSO variations - Conceptual framework for understanding ENSO changes on decadal and longer time scales, including the response to greenhouse gas forcing ENSO impacts on extreme ocean, weather, and climate events, including tropical cyclones, and how ENSO affects fisheries and the global carbon cycle - Advances in modeling, paleo-reconstructions, and operational climate forecasting - Future projections of ENSO and its impacts - Factors influencing ENSO events, such as inter-basin climate interactions and volcanic eruptions"--
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource
    Edition: First edition
    ISBN: 9781119548119 , 111954811X , 9781119548164
    Series Statement: Geophysical monograph series
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119548164
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119548164
    URL: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/book/10.1002/9781119548164
    DOI: 10.1002/9781119548164
    DDC: 551.5/24648
    Language: English
    Note: Includes index , Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 2
    Book
    Book
    El Niño southern oscillation in a changing climate (2021)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-American Geophysical Union
    Details Availability
    Keywords: Climatic changes ; Ocean-atmosphere interaction ; El Niño Current ; El-Niño-Phänomen ; Southern oscillation ; Klimaänderung
    Description / Table of Contents: "Comprehensive and up-to-date information on Earth's most dominant year-to-year climate variation The El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) in the Pacific Ocean has major worldwide social and economic consequences through its global scale effects on atmospheric and oceanic circulation, marine and terrestrial ecosystems, and other natural systems. Ongoing climate change is projected to significantly alter ENSO's dynamics and impacts. El Niño Southern Oscillation in a Changing Climate presents the latest theories, models, and observations, and explores the challenges of forecasting ENSO as the climate continues to change. Volume highlights include: Historical background on ENSO and its societal consequences - Review of key El Niño (ENSO warm phase) and La Niña (ENSO cold phase) characteristics - Mathematical description of the underlying physical processes that generate ENSO variations - Conceptual framework for understanding ENSO changes on decadal and longer time scales, including the response to greenhouse gas forcing ENSO impacts on extreme ocean, weather, and climate events, including tropical cyclones, and how ENSO affects fisheries and the global carbon cycle - Advances in modeling, paleo-reconstructions, and operational climate forecasting - Future projections of ENSO and its impacts - Factors influencing ENSO events, such as inter-basin climate interactions and volcanic eruptions"--
    Type of Medium: Book
    Pages: XVI, 506 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Edition: First edition
    ISBN: 9781119548126
    Series Statement: Geophysical monograph series 253
    URL: https://www.gbv.de/dms/tib-ub-hannover/1702986012.pdf
    DDC: 551.5/24648
    Language: English
    Note: Includes index , Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The eleven-year El Nino? (1994)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 370 (1994), S. 326-327 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] THE El Nino event of 1982-83, the strongest of the century, had dramatic effects on the circulation of the tropical Pacific Ocean1, the marine ecology of the eastern equatorial Pacific2'3 and patterns of weather variability around the globe4. Its oceanic effects also penetrated to higher latitudes ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/370326a0
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
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    A Comparative Stability Analysis of Atlantic and Pacific Nino Modes (2013)
    American Meteorological Society
    In:  Journal of Climate, 26 (16). pp. 5965-5980.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-07-24
    Description: El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) in the Pacific and the analogous Atlantic Niño mode are generated by processes involving coupled ocean–atmosphere interactions known as the Bjerknes feedback. It has been argued that the Atlantic Niño mode is more strongly damped than ENSO, which is presumed to be closer to neutrally stable. In this study the stability of ENSO and the Atlantic Niño mode is compared via an analysis of the Bjerknes stability index. This index is based on recharge oscillator theory and can be interpreted as the growth rate for coupled modes of ocean–atmosphere variability. Using observational data, an ocean reanalysis product, and output from an ocean general circulation model, the individual terms of the Bjerknes index are calculated for the first time for the Atlantic and then compared to results for the Pacific. Positive thermocline feedbacks in response to wind stress forcing favor anomaly growth in both basins, but they are twice as large in the Pacific compared to the Atlantic. Thermocline feedback is related to the fetch of the zonal winds, which is much greater in the equatorial Pacific than in the equatorial Atlantic due to larger basin size. Negative feedbacks are dominated by thermal damping of sea surface temperature anomalies in both basins. Overall, it is found that both ENSO and the Atlantic Niño mode are damped oscillators, but the Atlantic is more strongly damped than the Pacific primarily because of the weaker thermocline feedback.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1175/jcli-d-12-00758.1
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 5
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    Symmetry of the Atlantic Nino mode (2017)
    AGU (American Geophysical Union) | Wiley
    In:  Geophysical Research Letters, 44 (2). pp. 965-973.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-06
    Description: El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) in the Pacific is asymmetric for warm and cold events with respect to amplitude, spatial patterns and temporal evolution. Here the symmetry of the Atlantic Niño mode, which many previous studies have argued is governed by atmosphere–ocean dynamics similar to those of ENSO, is investigated using two different ocean reanalysis products. Calculation of Bjerknes feedback terms for the Pacific reveals a pronounced asymmetry between warm and cold events, though unlike most previous studies, the largest asymmetry is found in the relationship between eastern Pacific thermocline depth and SST anomalies. For the Atlantic, cold events are effectively mirror images of warm events with Bjerknes feedbacks of similar strength. The analysis supports not only the conclusion that Atlantic Niños are more symmetric than ENSO, but the hypothesis itself that the Bjerknes feedback is operative in the Atlantic given the strength of the relationship between the key variables involved.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1002/2016GL071829
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 6
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    Enhanced warming over the global subtropical western boundary currents (2012)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature Climate Change, 2 . pp. 161-166.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-09-23
    Description: Subtropical western boundary currents are warm, fast-flowing currents that form on the western side of ocean basins. They carry warm tropical water to the mid-latitudes and vent large amounts of heat and moisture to the atmosphere along their paths, affecting atmospheric jet streams and mid-latitude storms, as well as ocean carbon uptake1, 2, 3, 4. The possibility that these highly energetic currents might change under greenhouse-gas forcing has raised significant concerns5, 6, 7, but detecting such changes is challenging owing to limited observations. Here, using reconstructed sea surface temperature datasets and century-long ocean and atmosphere reanalysis products, we find that the post-1900 surface ocean warming rate over the path of these currents is two to three times faster than the global mean surface ocean warming rate. The accelerated warming is associated with a synchronous poleward shift and/or intensification of global subtropical western boundary currents in conjunction with a systematic change in winds over both hemispheres. This enhanced warming may reduce the ability of the oceans to absorb anthropogenic carbon dioxide over these regions. However, uncertainties in detection and attribution of these warming trends remain, pointing to a need for a long-term monitoring network of the global western boundary currents and their extensions.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1038/NCLIMATE1353
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 7
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    PIRATA: A Sustained Observing System for Tropical Atlantic Climate Research and Forecasting (2019)
    AGU (American Geophysical Union) | Wiley
    In:  Earth and Space Science, 6 (4). pp. 577-616.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-01-31
    Description: Prediction and Research Moored Array in the Tropical Atlantic (PIRATA) is a multinational program initiated in 1997 in the tropical Atlantic to improve our understanding and ability to predict ocean-atmosphere variability. PIRATA consists of a network of moored buoys providing meteorological and oceanographic data transmitted in real time to address fundamental scientific questions as well as societal needs. The network is maintained through dedicated yearly cruises, which allow for extensive complementary shipboard measurements and provide platforms for deployment of other components of the Tropical Atlantic Observing System. This paper describes network enhancements, scientific accomplishments and successes obtained from the last 10 years of observations, and additional results enabled by cooperation with other national and international programs. Capacity building activities and the role of PIRATA in a future Tropical Atlantic Observing System that is presently being optimized are also described.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed , info:eu-repo/semantics/article
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1029/2018EA000428
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 8
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    Tropical Instability Waves and Wind‐Forced Cross‐Equatorial Flow in the Central Atlantic Ocean (2022)
    AGU (American Geophysical Union) | Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-07
    Description: Based on velocity data from a long-term moored observatory located at 0°N, 23°W we present evidence of a vertical asymmetry during the intraseasonal maxima of northward and southward upper-ocean flow in the equatorial Atlantic Ocean. Periods of northward flow are characterized by a meridional velocity maximum close to the surface, while southward phases show a subsurface velocity maximum at about 40 m. We show that the observed asymmetry is caused by the local winds. Southerly wind stress at the equator drives northward flow near the surface and southward flow below that is superimposed on the Tropical Instability Wave (TIW) velocity field. This wind-driven overturning cell, known as the Equatorial Roll, shows a distinct seasonal cycle linked to the seasonality of the meridional component of the south-easterly trade winds. The superposition of vertical shear of the Equatorial Roll and TIWs causes asymmetric mixing during northward and southward TIW phases. Key Points: - Composites of Tropical Instability Waves at 0°N, 23°W show a surface (subsurface) velocity maximum during northward (southward) phases - Meridional wind stress forces a seasonally-varying, shallow cross-equatorial overturning cell-the Equatorial Roll - The superposition of Tropical Instability Waves and Equatorial Roll causes asymmetric mixing during north- and southward phases
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed , info:eu-repo/semantics/article
    Format: text
    Format: text
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 9
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    Ocean preconditioning of Cyclone Nargis in the Bay of Bengal : interaction between Rossby waves, surface fresh waters, and sea surface temperatures (2011)
    American Meteorological Society
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: Author Posting. © American Meteorological Society, 2011. This article is posted here by permission of American Meteorological Society for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Journal of Physical Oceanography 41 (2011): 1741–1755, doi:10.1175/2011JPO4437.1.
    Description: An in-depth data analysis was conducted to understand the occurrence of a strong sea surface temperature (SST) front in the central Bay of Bengal before the formation of Cyclone Nargis in April 2008. Nargis changed its course after encountering the front and tracked along the front until making landfall. One unique feature of this SST front was its coupling with high sea surface height anomalies (SSHAs), which is unusual for a basin where SST is normally uncorrelated with SSHA. The high SSHAs were associated with downwelling Rossby waves, and the interaction between downwelling and surface fresh waters was a key mechanism to account for the observed SST–SSHA coupling. The near-surface salinity field in the bay is characterized by strong stratification and a pronounced horizontal gradient, with low salinity in the northeast. During the passage of downwelling Rossby waves, freshening of the surface layer was observed when surface velocities were southwestward. Horizontal convergence of freshwater associated with downwelling Rossby waves increased the buoyancy of the upper layer and caused the mixed layer to shoal to within a few meters of the surface. Surface heating trapped in the thin mixed layer caused the fresh layer to warm, whereas the increase in buoyancy from low-salinity waters enhanced the high SSHA associated with Rossby waves. Thus, high SST coincided with high SSHA. The dominant role of salinity in controlling high SSHA suggests that caution should be exercised when computing hurricane heat potential in the bay from SSHA. This situation is different from most tropical oceans, where temperature has the dominant effect on SSHA.
    Description: This work was supported by the NOAA/Office of Climate Observation (OCO) program.
    Keywords: Rossby waves ; Sea surface temperature ; Sea/ocean surface
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
    Format: application/pdf
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    PAPER (OA)
  • 10
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    Ecological impacts of the 2015/16 El Niño in the Central Equatorial Pacific (2018)
    American Meteorological Society
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: Author Posting. © American Meteorological Society, 2018. This article is posted here by permission of American Meteorological Society for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 99, Suppl. S (2018): S21-S26, doi:10.1175/BAMS-D-17-0128.1.
    Description: NOAA Coral Reef Conservation Program; National Science Foundation OCE 1537338, OCE 1605365, OCE 1031971
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
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    PAPER (OA)
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