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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Asymptotic behavior of a hydrodynamic system in the nematic liquid crystal flows (2009)
    Berlin : WIAS
    Details Availability
    Keywords: Forschungsbericht
    Description / Table of Contents: In this paper we study the long time behavior of the classical solutions to a hydrodynamical system modeling the flow of nematic liquid crystals. This system consists of a coupled system of Navier--Stokes equations and kinematic transport equations for the molecular orientations. By using a suitable Lojasiewicz--Simon type inequality, we prove the convergence of global solutions to single steady states as time tends to infinity. Moreover, we provide estimates for the convergence rate.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: Online-Ressource (35 S., 391 KB)
    Series Statement: Preprint / Weierstraß-Institut für Angewandte Analysis und Stochastik 1401
    URL: http://webdoc.sub.gwdg.de/ebook/serien/e/wias/2009/wias_preprints_1401.pdf
    URL: https://edocs.tib.eu/files/e01fn11/607337680.pdf
    DDC: 530
    Language: English
    Note: Literaturverz. S. 31 - 33 , Unterschiede zwischen dem gedruckten Dokument und der elektronischen Ressource können nicht ausgeschlossen werden. - Auch als gedr. Ausg. vorhanden , Systemvoraussetzungen: Acrobat reader.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Modeling and simulation design of advanced Cu alloy interconnects (2002)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 91 (2002), S. 6089-6094 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We use modeling and simulation tools to determine the beneficial additives or dopants to Cu interconnect. We have designed a virtual simulation procedure to cover several important aspects in screening a potential dopant to Cu with the assumption that grain-boundary (GB) diffusion is dominant for Cu electromigration performance. The procedure investigates dopant segregation to GB, bulk diffusion, dopant and Cu self-diffusion at the GB, and the effect of the dopant's presence on Cu diffusion at the GB. Defect formation and migration energies as well as activation energies were calculated using the state of the art ab initio method. Two primary mechanisms for a dopant to be effective were identified, namely, dopant blocking and dopant dragging mechanisms. For dopant blocking mechanism the desired dopants occupy the GB interstitial sites and block the fast diffusion pathway for Cu. In the case where Cu atoms occupy the GB interstitial sites, the desired dopants segregate to the nearby substitutional sites and drag the fast diffusing Cu. Early experimental results have confirmed model prediction for several dopants identified so far. The mean time to failure has increased more than 60% with a dopant concentration as low as 0.01 at. % in Cu and the resistivity increase can be controlled below 15% compared to undoped Cu. We demonstrate that modeling and simulation have become valuable alternatives to experiment for design of advanced materials systems for technology research and development. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1459756
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Photovoltaic transistors based on a steady-state internal polarization effect in asymmetric semiconductor superlattices (1991)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 59 (1991), S. 393-395 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: In semiconductor superlattices lacking the reflection symmetry, transient internal polarization fields have previously been reported. We show that a modified structure can generate a steady-state photovoltage. We then propose a new class of photovoltaic transistors in which this voltage directly controls the conductivity of the transistor channel.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.105441
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Screening beneficial dopants to Cu interconnects by modeling (2002)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 80 (2002), S. 763-765 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We present the results of first-principles simulations of dopant segregation to grain boundaries (GBs), dopant bulk diffusion, dopant and Cu self-diffusion at the GB, and the effect of the presence of a dopant on Cu diffusion at the GB for advanced Cu alloy interconnects. Several dopants that inhibit Cu GB diffusion were identified. Two primary mechanisms were found, namely, dopant blocking and dopant dragging. Early experimental results have confirmed model predictions for one of the several dopants (carbon) identified so far. The mean time to failure has increased more than 60% with a carbon concentration in Cu as low as 0.01 at. % and the resulting resistivity increase can be controlled below 15% compared to undoped Cu. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1445471
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ab initio modeling and experimental study of C–B interactions in Si (2002)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 80 (2002), S. 52-54 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We present results of ab initio calculations for the structure and energetics of small boron-carbon-interstitial and carbon-interstitial clusters in silicon and a respective continuum model for the nucleation, growth, and dissolution of these clusters. To test our calculations, we also measure secondary-ion mass spectra of boron and carbon in a SiGeCB system, which our model reproduces well. For the considered concentration regime, we find rapid carbon diffusion, nearly immobile boron, and undersaturation of silicon self-interstitials, resulting mainly from two clusters suggested by our ab initio results, the dicarbon-interstitial cluster and the boron-carbon-interstitial cluster. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1430505
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  • 6
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    A simple and wide-range refractive index measuring approach by using a sub-micron grating (2015)
    American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-04-17
    Description: This paper presents the design and simulation results of a high-precision low-cost refractometer that demonstrates the main advantage of a wide measurement range (1 ≤ n ≤ 2). The proposed design is based on the diffractive properties of sub-micron gratings and Snell's Law. The precision and uncertainty factors of the proposed system were tested and analyzed, revealing that the proposed refractometer demonstrates a wide measurement range with sensitivity of 10 −4 .
    Print ISSN: 0003-6951
    Electronic ISSN: 1077-3118
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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  • 7
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    A positioning-tolerant wireless charging system for roadway-powered electric vehicles (2015)
    American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-03-26
    Description: This paper proposes a positioning-tolerant wireless power transfer technique to compensate the impact of misalignment on the power transmission performance, which is used to implement the wireless charging functionality in a free-positioning manner, thus significantly improving the practicality for roadway-powered electric vehicles (EVs). The key of the proposed wireless power transfer technique is to adopt the gapless alternate-winding topology for the power supply unit to produce an evenly distributed electromagnetic field and the vertical-and-horizontal coil design for the pickup unit to enhance the capability of acquiring energy. Hence, the power transmission can be effectively improved in spite of an offset between the centers of the primary and secondary coils. In this paper, both the computational simulation and experimentation are carried out to verify the feasibility of the proposed positioning-tolerant wireless charging system for roadway-powered EVs.
    Print ISSN: 0021-8979
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7550
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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  • 8
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    IJGI, Vol. 7, Pages 273: Using High-Performance Computing to Address the Challenge of Land Use/Land Cover Change Analysis on Spatial Big Data (2018)
    MDPI Publishing
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-07-12
    Description: IJGI, Vol. 7, Pages 273: Using High-Performance Computing to Address the Challenge of Land Use/Land Cover Change Analysis on Spatial Big Data ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information doi: 10.3390/ijgi7070273 Authors: Xiaochen Kang Jiping Liu Chun Dong Shenghua Xu Land use/land cover change (LUCC) analysis is a fundamental issue in regional and global geography that can accurately reflect the diversity of landscapes and detect the differences or changes on the earth’s surface. However, a very heavy computational load is often unavoidable, especially when processing multi-temporal land cover data with fine spatial resolution using more complicated procedures, which often takes a long time when performing the LUCC analysis over large areas. This paper employs a graph-based spatial decomposition that represents the computational loads as graph vertices and edges and then uses a balanced graph partitioning to decompose the LUCC analysis on spatial big data. For the decomposing tasks, a stream scheduling method is developed to exploit the parallelism in data moving, clipping, overlay analysis, area calculation and transition matrix building. Finally, a change analysis is performed on the land cover data from 2015 to 2016 in China, with each piece of temporal data containing approximately 260 million complex polygons. It took less than 6 h in a cluster with 15 workstations, which was an indispensable task that may surpass two weeks without any optimization.
    Electronic ISSN: 2220-9964
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geosciences
    Published by MDPI Publishing on behalf of International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing (ISPRS).
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  • 9
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    Energies, Vol. 11, Pages 679: Thermal Performance of Microencapsulated Phase Change Material (mPCM) in Roof Modules during Daily Operation (2018)
    MDPI Publishing
    In: Energies
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-03-18
    Description: Energies, Vol. 11, Pages 679: Thermal Performance of Microencapsulated Phase Change Material (mPCM) in Roof Modules during Daily Operation Energies doi: 10.3390/en11030679 Authors: Qi Zhou Pin-Feng Liu Chun-Ta Tzeng Chi-Ming Lai This study combines microencapsulated phase change materials (mPCMs) (core material: paraffin; melting points: 37 and 43 °C) and aluminum honeycomb boards (8 mm core cell) to form mPCM roof modules and investigates their heat absorption and release performances, as well as their impact on indoor heat gain by conducting experiments over a 24-h period, subject to representative weather. The outdoor boundary conditions of the module are hourly sunlight and nighttime natural cooling; on the indoor side of the module, the conditions are daytime air conditioning and nighttime natural cooling. The results indicate that compared to a roof module with a 43 °C melting point mPCM, the roof module with a 37 °C melting point mPCM had improved peak load-shifting capacity, but had a slightly increased indoor heat gain. The mPCMs in both roof modules were successfully cooled during the night, returning to their initial state, to begin a new thermal cycle the next day.
    Electronic ISSN: 1996-1073
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Published by MDPI Publishing
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  • 10
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    Sensors, Vol. 18, Pages 3: Implementation of Wi-Fi Signal Sampling on an Android Smartphone for Indoor Positioning Systems (2017)
    MDPI Publishing
    In: Sensors
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-12-22
    Description: Sensors, Vol. 18, Pages 3: Implementation of Wi-Fi Signal Sampling on an Android Smartphone for Indoor Positioning Systems Sensors doi: 10.3390/s18010003 Authors: Hung-Huan Liu Chun Liu Collecting and maintaining radio fingerprint for wireless indoor positioning systems involves considerable time and labor. We have proposed the quick radio fingerprint collection (QRFC) algorithm which employed the built-in accelerometer of Android smartphones to implement step detection in order to assist in collecting radio fingerprints. In the present study, we divided the algorithm into moving sampling (MS) and stepped MS (SMS), and describe the implementation of both algorithms and their comparison. Technical details and common errors concerning the use of Android smartphones to collect Wi-Fi radio beacons were surveyed and discussed. The results of signal sampling experiments performed in a hallway measuring 54 m in length showed that in terms of the amount of time required to complete collection of access point (AP) signals, static sampling (SS; a traditional procedure for collecting Wi-Fi signals) took at least 2 h, whereas MS and SMS took approximately 150 and 300 s, respectively. Notably, AP signals obtained through MS and SMS were comparable to those obtained through SS in terms of the distribution of received signal strength indicator (RSSI) and positioning accuracy. Therefore, MS and SMS are recommended instead of SS as signal sampling procedures for indoor positioning algorithms.
    Electronic ISSN: 1424-8220
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Published by MDPI Publishing
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