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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Influence of different water masses and biological activity on dimethylsulphide and dimethylsulphoniopropionate in the subantarctic zone of the Southern Ocean during ACE 1
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 1998
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Vol. 103, No. D13 ( 1998-07-20), p. 16691-16701
    Details
    In: Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 103, No. D13 ( 1998-07-20), p. 16691-16701
    Abstract: Measurements of salinity, temperature, phytoplankton biomass and speciation, dissolved nitrate, dimethylsulfide (DMS) in seawater and air, and dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP), were made in the subantarctic zone of the Southern Ocean from 40°‐54°S, and 140°‐153°E during the southern hemisphere marine First Aerosol Characterization Experiment (ACE 1). DMSP concentrations were highest in subtropical convergence zone (STCZ) waters, intermediate in subantarctic waters, and lowest in polar waters. DMSP appeared to decrease at frontal regions between these major water masses. In subantarctic waters, high levels of DMSP were generally associated with an increase in dinoflagellate biomass and low microzooplankton grazing rates. Lower DMSP concentrations occurred in polar waters when the diatom biomass and grazing rates were high. DMS levels measured on Southern Surveyor ranged from not detectable (nd) to 5.6 nM (mean 1.7 nM), with below average levels in subantarctic waters (mean 1.25 nM), and above average levels (mean = 1.93 nM) in polar waters. Pulses of DMS occurred as Southern Surveyor traveled south into polar waters, with a large pulse (mean = 2.3 nM) highlighted as the vessel traveled back into subantarctic waters (46°‐47°S, 148°‐151°E) in early December. By using the dissolved DMSP (DMSPd) to DMS ratio as an index of the bacterial conversion of DMSPd to DMS some evidence was found that, in polar waters, increased microzooplankton (MZP) grazing in diatom dominated waters, may lead to above average concentrations of DMS. This does not appear to be the case when the biomass was dominated by dinoflagellates in subantarctic waters.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0148-0227
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/98JD01200
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 1998
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    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Parameterizing the Impact of Seawater Temperature and Irradiance on Dimethylsulfide (DMS) in the Great Barrier Reef and the Contribution of Coral Reefs to the Global Sulfur Cycle
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 2021
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans Vol. 126, No. 3 ( 2021-03)
    Details
    In: Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 126, No. 3 ( 2021-03)
    Abstract: Seawater dimethylsulfide concentration in coral reefs is parameterized as a function of surface temperature and irradiance Including coral‐air dimethylsulfide release at low tide in sea‐air flux calculations yields a more accurate estimate of coral reef flux Coral reefs emit 0.03–0.04 Tg yr −1 of sulfur as dimethylsulfide, representing up to 0.2% of global sea‐air flux estimates
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2169-9275 , 2169-9291
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/2020JC016783
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 2021
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Coral Reef Emissions of Atmospheric Dimethylsulfide and the Influence on Marine Aerosols in the Southern Great Barrier Reef, Australia
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 2020
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Vol. 125, No. 7 ( 2020-04-16)
    Details
    In: Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 125, No. 7 ( 2020-04-16)
    Abstract: Coral reefs are an important source of atmospheric dimethylsulfide A significant link exists between atmospheric dimethylsulfide and marine aerosols in the southern Great Barrier Reef Marine aerosols reduced surface solar irradiance and sea surface temperature, potentially mitigating coral physiological stress
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2169-897X , 2169-8996
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/2019JD031837
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 2020
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Air mass characteristics, aerosol particle number concentrations, and number size distributions at Macquarie Island during the First Aerosol Characterization Experiment (ACE 1)
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 1998
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Vol. 103, No. D13 ( 1998-07-20), p. 16351-16367
    Details
    In: Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 103, No. D13 ( 1998-07-20), p. 16351-16367
    Abstract: During the First Aerosol Characterization Experiment (ACE 1), continuous measurements were made of the particle number size distribution (between 18 and 540 nm diameter ( D p )) and total particle number concentration ( D p 〉 3 nm and D p 〉 12 nm) on Macquarie Island, Tasmania (54°30′S, 158°57′E, 7 m above sea level). Periodic real‐time measurements of dimethyl sulfide were also made. Sampled air masses were separated into clean marine and those influenced by Tasmania or Antarctica. Observations were compared to those from a southern hemisphere midlatitude site (Cape Grim) and to sites on the Antarctic continent. It was found that the average total number concentration observed during clean marine conditions, 675 cm −3 , was about 21% higher than values observed at Cape Grim during ACE 1 and was similar to the high end of the historical range of number concentrations reported by Gras [1995] for Cape Grim during the same time of year. During both clean marine and influenced conditions, the Aitken and accumulation modes dominate the number size distribution, with a Young Aitken mode observed less often. The number size distribution between 18 and 540 nm exhibited two and three modes 75% and 25% of the time, respectively, during clean marine conditions, more consistent with previous observations at Cape Grim than with those from coastal Antarctica. The typical bimodal number distribution at Macquarie Island exhibited average modal diameters of 33 and 113 nm during clean marine conditions, corresponding to the smaller Aitken mode and larger accumulation mode, respectively. The 50 to 70 nm diameter range corresponds to the minimum in the bimodal size distribution at Macquarie Island, except for continentally influenced periods when the size distribution exhibits an Aitken mode near 50 nm and an accumulation mode near 128 nm. The Young Aitken mode appeared most often during or immediately after periods of precipitation associated with both warm and cold fronts, when the Aitken and accumulation mode number concentrations were depleted. Evidence for possible cloud processing of aerosol was found during two Antarctic influenced periods. Variability in observed aerosol characteristics was found to coincide with changes in air mass source region as indicated by back trajectories and frontal passages.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0148-0227
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/97JD03014
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 1998
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    SSG: 16,13
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    Online Resource
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