GLORIA

GEOMAR Library Ocean Research Information Access

X

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Composite global emissions of reactive chlorine from anthropogenic and natural sources: Reactive Chlorine Emissions Inventory
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 1999
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Vol. 104, No. D7 ( 1999-04-20), p. 8429-8440
    Details
    In: Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 104, No. D7 ( 1999-04-20), p. 8429-8440
    Abstract: Emission inventories for major reactive tropospheric Cl species (particulate Cl, HCl, ClNO 2 , CH 3 Cl, CHCl 3 , CH 3 CCl 3 , C 2 Cl 4 , C 2 HCl 3 , CH 2 Cl 2 , and CHClF 2 ) were integrated across source types (terrestrial biogenic and oceanic emissions, sea‐salt production and dechlorination, biomass burning, industrial emissions, fossil‐fuel combustion, and incineration). Composite emissions were compared with known sinks to assess budget closure; relative contributions of natural and anthropogenic sources were differentiated. Model calculations suggest that conventional acid‐displacement reactions involving S (IV) + O 3 , (IV) + O 3 H 2 O 2 , and H 2 SO 4 and HNO 3 scavenging account for minor fractions of sea‐salt dechlorination globally. Other important chemical pathways involving sea‐salt aerosol apparently produce most volatile chlorine in the troposphere. The combined emissions of CH 3 Cl from known sources account for about half of the modeled sink, suggesting fluxes from known sources were underestimated, the OH sink was overestimated, or significant unidentified sources exist. Anthropogenic activities (primarily biomass burning) contribute about half the net CH 3 Cl emitted from known sources. Anthropogenic emissions account for only about 10% of the modeled CHCl 3 sink. Although poorly constrained, significant fractions of tropospheric CH 2 Cl 2 (25%), C 2 HCl 3 (10%), and C 2 Cl 4 (5%) are emitted from the surface ocean; the combined contributions of C 2 Cl 4 and C 2 HCl 3 from all natural sources may be substantially higher than the estimated oceanic flux.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0148-0227
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/1998JD100084
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 1999
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2033040-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094104-0
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2130824-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016813-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016810-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2403298-0
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016800-7
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 161666-3
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 161667-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2969341-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 161665-1
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094268-8
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 710256-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016804-4
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094181-7
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094219-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094167-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2220777-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094197-0
    SSG: 16,13
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Physical oceanography of continental shelves
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 1983
    In:  Reviews of Geophysics Vol. 21, No. 5 ( 1983-06), p. 1149-1181
    Details
    In: Reviews of Geophysics, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 21, No. 5 ( 1983-06), p. 1149-1181
    Abstract: Knowledge of the physical oceanography of continental shelves has increased tremendously in recent years, primarily as a result of new current and hydrographic measurements made in locations where no comparable measurements existed previously. In general, observations from geographically distinct continental shelves have shown that the nature of the flow may vary considerably from region to region. Although some characteristics, such as the response of currents to wind forcing, are common to many shelves, the relative importance of various physical processes in influencing the shelf flow field frequently is different. In the last several years, the scientific literature on shelf studies has expanded rapidly, with that for separate regions, to some extent, developing independently because of the variable role played by different physical effects.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 8755-1209 , 1944-9208
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/RG021i005p01149
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 1983
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2035391-1
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 209852-0
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 209853-2
    SSG: 16,13
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Bromoform as a source of stratospheric bromine
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 2000
    In:  Geophysical Research Letters Vol. 27, No. 14 ( 2000-07-15), p. 2081-2084
    Details
    In: Geophysical Research Letters, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 27, No. 14 ( 2000-07-15), p. 2081-2084
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0094-8276
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/2000GL011444
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 2000
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2021599-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 7403-2
    SSG: 16,13
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Aircraft‐Based Observations of Ozone‐Depleting Substances in the Upper Troposphere and Lower Stratosphere in and Above the Asian Summer Monsoon
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 2021
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Vol. 126, No. 1 ( 2021-01-16)
    Details
    In: Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 126, No. 1 ( 2021-01-16)
    Abstract: First study to measure a comprehensive set of ozone‐depleting substances in air entering the stratosphere above the Asian summer monsoon Higher than expected mixing ratios found for many compounds, particularly chlorinated very short‐lived substances Regional estimate but the extra equivalent chlorine could significantly enhance the chlorine and bromine loading of the entire stratosphere
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2169-897X , 2169-8996
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/2020JD033137
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 710256-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016800-7
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2969341-X
    SSG: 16,13
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Abrupt reversal in emissions and atmospheric abundance of HCFC-133a (CF 3 CH 2 Cl) : HCFC-133A REVERSAL
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 2015
    In:  Geophysical Research Letters Vol. 42, No. 20 ( 2015-10-28), p. 8702-8710
    Details
    In: Geophysical Research Letters, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 42, No. 20 ( 2015-10-28), p. 8702-8710
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0094-8276
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/2015GL065846
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2021599-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 7403-2
    SSG: 16,13
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Changes in the global atmospheric methane budget over the last decades inferred from 13 C and D isotopic analysis of Antarctic firn air
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 2001
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Vol. 106, No. D17 ( 2001-09-16), p. 20465-20481
    Details
    In: Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 106, No. D17 ( 2001-09-16), p. 20465-20481
    Abstract: The atmospheric trend of methane isotopic ratios since the mid‐20th century has been reconstructed from Antarctic firn air. High volume air samples were extracted at several depth levels at two sites in East Antarctica. Methane concentration and its 13 C/ 12 C and D/H ratios were determined by gas chromatography, mass spectrometry, and infrared spectroscopy. A firn air transport model was applied to reconstruct past atmospheric trends in methane and its isotopic composition. By subsequent application of an atmospheric model, changes in methane sources and OH sink compatible with the past atmospheric trends are explored. In step with increasing methane mixing ratios, δ 13 C increased by ∼1.7‰ over the last 50 years. These changes mainly reflect a shift in relative source strength toward the heavier anthropogenic methane source, such as biomass burning and methane of nonbiological origin. The δD (CH 4 ) showed a period of decline between the 1950s and 1975, followed by a gradual increase of 0.55‰/yr, also toward the heavier anthropogenic source. Dependent on possible changes in the OH sink, to which δD of methane is very sensitive, the inferred isotopic trends of δ 13 C and δD over the last 50 years constrain the relationship between natural and anthropogenic sources over the last century. The observed δD minimum around 1975 suggests that the slowing down in the methane source growth took place during this period.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0148-0227
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/2001JD900190
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 2001
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2033040-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094104-0
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2130824-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016813-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016810-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2403298-0
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016800-7
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 161666-3
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 161667-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2969341-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 161665-1
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094268-8
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 710256-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016804-4
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094181-7
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094219-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094167-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2220777-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094197-0
    SSG: 16,13
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Spring measurements of tropospheric bromine at Barrow, Alaska
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 1993
    In:  Geophysical Research Letters Vol. 20, No. 3 ( 1993-02-05), p. 201-204
    Details
    In: Geophysical Research Letters, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 20, No. 3 ( 1993-02-05), p. 201-204
    Abstract: The partitioning of bromine in the lower troposphere between particulate, inorganic gaseous, and organic gaseous phases was measured during the arctic spring. Rapid photochemical production of particulate Br − from organic gaseous Br was indicated by 1) an inverse correlation between particulate bromide and organic gaseous bromine (r²=−0.67), 2) a diurnal cycle in the ratio of these two phases, and 3) a diurnal cycle in the ratio of organic gaseous Br to Cl. Organic gaseous Br and Cl were correlated (r²=0.67) indicating a common, possibly marine, source.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0094-8276 , 1944-8007
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/92GL01885
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 1993
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2021599-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 7403-2
    SSG: 16,13
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A long-term record of carbonyl sulfide (COS) in two hemispheres from firn air measurements
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 2001
    In:  Geophysical Research Letters Vol. 28, No. 21 ( 2001-11-01), p. 4095-4098
    Details
    In: Geophysical Research Letters, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 28, No. 21 ( 2001-11-01), p. 4095-4098
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0094-8276
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/2001GL013958
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 2001
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2021599-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 7403-2
    SSG: 16,13
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Vertical profiles of bromoform in snow, sea ice, and seawater in the Canadian Arctic
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 1997
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans Vol. 102, No. C11 ( 1997-11-15), p. 25073-25083
    Details
    In: Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 102, No. C11 ( 1997-11-15), p. 25073-25083
    Abstract: Bromoform (CHBr 3 ) was measured in vertical profiles from the snow surface through the snowpack, sea ice, and water column to the seafloor at Resolute Bay, Canada, in the spring of 1992. Elevated concentrations of bromoform were observed in both the ice (32–266 ng L −1 by liquid water volume) and seawater (∼20 ng L −1 ) at the ice‐water interface, associated with bromoform emission from ice microalgae. A surprising finding was a second horizon of high bromoform concentrations (336–367 ng L −1 ) in sea ice at the snow‐ice interface. Chlorophyll and salinity were also elevated in this upper ice layer, although chlorophyll was much lower than in the basal ice microalgal layer. We speculate that this upper bromoform‐enriched layer may have originated from scavenging of the surface water layer by frazil ice during initial ice formation in the preceding autumn. Equally unexpected was the occurrence of yet higher bromoform concentrations in snowpack immediately overlying the sea ice (492–1260 ng L −1 ), declining in concentration (by about a factor of 2 or more) toward the snow surface. Snow of very recent origin, however, contained as little as 2 orders of magnitude less bromoform than the older snowpack. Possible origins for elevated bromoform in the snowpack include diffusion out of the bromoform‐enriched upper ice layer and gradual concentration of bromoform out of the atmosphere by adsorption on to ice crystals. These are considered in turn. In one scenario, photolysis of bromoform from snow is considered, which might help account for atmospheric bromine‐ozone chemistry. The possible contributions from snow, sea ice, and seawater to atmospheric bromoform levels during both the winter and spring are also considered, and it is concluded that surface seawater presents the most significant reservoir for atmospheric bromoform.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0148-0227
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/97JC01860
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 1997
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2033040-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094104-0
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2130824-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016813-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016810-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2403298-0
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016800-7
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 161666-3
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 161667-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2969341-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 161665-1
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094268-8
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 710256-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016804-4
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094181-7
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094219-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094167-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2220777-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094197-0
    SSG: 16,13
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dimethyl sulfide in the Arctic atmosphere
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 1995
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Vol. 100, No. D12 ( 1995-12-20), p. 26093-26104
    Details
    In: Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 100, No. D12 ( 1995-12-20), p. 26093-26104
    Abstract: Dimethyl sulfide (DMS), sulfur dioxide, non‐sea‐salt sulfate, and various aerosol properties were measured during three field programs (two airborne and one ground‐based) near Barrow and Deadhorse (Prudhoe Bay), Alaska. The two airborne sampling programs took place in spring and early summer, and the ground‐based measurements spanned an entire summer. DMS concentrations in the Arctic atmosphere ranged from a few parts per trillion by volume (pptv) in spring and fall to higher values in summer (generally a few tens of pptv with occasional peaks of 100 to 300 pptv). In addition, DMS concentrations were measured during the spring near Resolute in seawater below the ice and in ice‐algae and kelp cultures. The seawater samples taken from below the ice in spring had DMS concentrations comparable to those in other oceanic regions. Taken together, these measurements show that the Arctic Ocean is potentially a substantial source of DMS, which likely becomes important as sea ice melts in the early summer. Local atmospheric concentrations increased throughout the summer, peaking in August. In regions where accumulation mode aerosols have been scavenged (e.g., by low‐level stratus clouds, which are common during the Arctic summer), evidence of rapid new particle production was observed. The seasonal cycle of atmospheric DMS closely resembles that of fine particles observed at Barrow, Alaska, and Alert, Northwest Territories, Canada. This finding indicates that DMS is likely an important precursor to the types of particles that dominate the background arctic aerosol in summertime. These results, together with those from several recently published studies of arctic aerosol, are combined to yield a consistent picture of the role of locally emitted DMS in the production of atmospheric aerosols in the Arctic in summer.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0148-0227
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/95JD02374
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 1995
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2033040-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094104-0
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2130824-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016813-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016810-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2403298-0
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016800-7
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 161666-3
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 161667-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2969341-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 161665-1
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094268-8
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 710256-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016804-4
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094181-7
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094219-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094167-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2220777-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094197-0
    SSG: 16,13
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...