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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Snowfall and Water Stable Isotope Variability in East Antarctica Controlled by Warm Synoptic Events
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 2020
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Vol. 125, No. 17 ( 2020-09-16)
    Details
    In: Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 125, No. 17 ( 2020-09-16)
    Abstract: Specific conditions associated with large snowfall events on East Antarctic Plateau cause a bias in temperature during precipitation Water stable isotopes in snow record atmospheric conditions during precipitation
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2169-897X , 2169-8996
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/2020JD032863
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 2020
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Individual particle morphology, coatings, and impurities of black carbon aerosols in Antarctic ice and tropical rainfall
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 2016
    In:  Geophysical Research Letters Vol. 43, No. 22 ( 2016-11-28)
    Details
    In: Geophysical Research Letters, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 43, No. 22 ( 2016-11-28)
    Abstract: Individual black carbon particles extracted from Antarctic ice Single spherule black carbon aerosol particles found in modern rain and in ice cores dating both before and after industrialization Black carbon particles found with iron inclusions, suggesting a transport pathway for iron deposition in the Southern Ocean
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0094-8276 , 1944-8007
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/grl.v43.22
    DOI: 10.1002/2016GL071042
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 2016
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    High‐precision dating of volcanic events (A.D. 1301–1995) using ice cores from Law Dome, Antarctica
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 2001
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Vol. 106, No. D22 ( 2001-11-27), p. 28089-28095
    Details
    In: Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 106, No. D22 ( 2001-11-27), p. 28089-28095
    Abstract: A record of volcanic activity over the period A.D. 1301–1995 has been extracted from three Law Dome ice cores (East Antarctica). The record dating is unambiguous at the annual level from A.D. 1807 to 1995 and has an uncertainty of ±1 year at A.D. 1301. Signals from 20 eruptions are preserved in the record, including those of two unknown eruptions with acid deposition beginning in A.D. 1810.8 and A.D. 1685.8. The beginning of the ice core signal from the A.D. 1815 Tambora eruption is observed in the austral summer of A.D. 1816/1817. The mean observed stratospheric transport and deposition time to Law Dome from the eruption site is 1.5 years (σ = 0.6 years) from 11 well‐dated eruptions. The largest eruption observed in the Law Dome record has its maximum in A.D. 1460 with volcanic sulfate deposition beginning in the austral winter of A.D. 1459. This event is also observed in other ice core records and is attributed to the volcano Kuwae, with an eruption date in the range A.D. 1455.9–1459.9 if all sources of error are considered. This is at least three years later than the date previously ascribed by dendrochronological and historical studies.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0148-0227
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/2001JD000330
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 2001
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    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094268-8
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 710256-2
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    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094219-6
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    SSG: 16,13
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  • 4
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    Influence of different water masses and biological activity on dimethylsulphide and dimethylsulphoniopropionate in the subantarctic zone of the Southern Ocean during ACE 1
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 1998
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Vol. 103, No. D13 ( 1998-07-20), p. 16691-16701
    Details
    In: Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 103, No. D13 ( 1998-07-20), p. 16691-16701
    Abstract: Measurements of salinity, temperature, phytoplankton biomass and speciation, dissolved nitrate, dimethylsulfide (DMS) in seawater and air, and dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP), were made in the subantarctic zone of the Southern Ocean from 40°‐54°S, and 140°‐153°E during the southern hemisphere marine First Aerosol Characterization Experiment (ACE 1). DMSP concentrations were highest in subtropical convergence zone (STCZ) waters, intermediate in subantarctic waters, and lowest in polar waters. DMSP appeared to decrease at frontal regions between these major water masses. In subantarctic waters, high levels of DMSP were generally associated with an increase in dinoflagellate biomass and low microzooplankton grazing rates. Lower DMSP concentrations occurred in polar waters when the diatom biomass and grazing rates were high. DMS levels measured on Southern Surveyor ranged from not detectable (nd) to 5.6 nM (mean 1.7 nM), with below average levels in subantarctic waters (mean 1.25 nM), and above average levels (mean = 1.93 nM) in polar waters. Pulses of DMS occurred as Southern Surveyor traveled south into polar waters, with a large pulse (mean = 2.3 nM) highlighted as the vessel traveled back into subantarctic waters (46°‐47°S, 148°‐151°E) in early December. By using the dissolved DMSP (DMSPd) to DMS ratio as an index of the bacterial conversion of DMSPd to DMS some evidence was found that, in polar waters, increased microzooplankton (MZP) grazing in diatom dominated waters, may lead to above average concentrations of DMS. This does not appear to be the case when the biomass was dominated by dinoflagellates in subantarctic waters.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0148-0227
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/98JD01200
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 1998
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    SSG: 16,13
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dimethyl sulfide in the Southern Ocean: Seasonality and flux
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 2000
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Vol. 105, No. D16 ( 2000-08-27), p. 20451-20459
    Details
    In: Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 105, No. D16 ( 2000-08-27), p. 20451-20459
    Abstract: The first flux estimate of dimethyl sulfide (DMS) from the Australian sector of the Southern Ocean (63°E to 162°E) has been calculated from seven voyages, which span spring and summer seasons from 1991 to 1995. Increases in seawater DMS and its precursor, dimethyl sulfoniopropionate (DMSP) generally occurred in Southern Ocean surface waters during the transition from spring to summer. DMS flux from the Subantarctic Zone (SAZ), Antarctic Zone (AZ), and Seasonal Ice Zone (SIZ) ranged from 1.7 to 49 μmol/m 2 /d with a mean value of 9.4 μmol/m 2 d. These flux calculations are believed to be underestimates, and do not include potential contributions from sea ice. Very high levels of DMSP in sea ice suggest that the SIZ may be a source of DMS to the atmosphere. The different types of vertical DMSP profiles found in sea ice possibly reflect the type of algal assemblage present and the age of the sea ice. Without considering contributions of DMS from sea ice, the overall Southern Ocean DMS emission estimate from this work was 139 Gmol S/yr. The emission estimate for the Antarctic region alone (AZ and SIZ) was 85 Gmol S/yr. This represents 17% of the global emission estimate, from 6% of the ocean surface area. This emission estimate is almost double that of an earlier estimate by Berresheim [1987] of 48 Gmol S/yr, and is likely to be higher when the amount released from the sea ice surrounding Antarctica is more accurately characterized.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0148-0227
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/2000JD900176
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 2000
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Spatial distribution of dimethylsulfide and dimethylsulfoniopropionate in the Australasian sector of the Southern Ocean
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 1998
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Vol. 103, No. D13 ( 1998-07-20), p. 16677-16689
    Details
    In: Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 103, No. D13 ( 1998-07-20), p. 16677-16689
    Abstract: During 1991–1995, seven voyages were made to the Southern Ocean to determine the distribution of dimethylsulfide (DMS) and dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) in seawater and air in the Australasian sector (60°E to 165°E). Measurements of DMSP in sea ice were also made. During the summer months the Subtropical Convergence (STC) and Antarctic Convergence (AC) were identified as important source regions of these sulfur compounds. In the Seasonal Ice zone (SIZ) there were marked longitudinal differences possibly reflecting higher productivity and the extent of the sea ice in this region. Levels of DMSP in sea ice cores were consistent with this regional difference. High and variable concentrations of DMSP also occurred in the Subantarctic Zone (SAZ) (45°‐53°S), decreasing to lower levels around 64°S, close to the Antarctic Divergence (AD). Upwelling of deep water around the AD is suggested to have been responsible for the low biological activity and low DMSP levels. While there was generally a good relationship between DMSPp and biomass, there was a marked difference in the DMSPp:chlorophyll a ratio between regions, and between years. DMSP was generally negatively correlated with dissolved nitrate, however, it was unclear if the level of nitrate directly affected DMSP production. DMS w levels were highest in the mixed layer, with lower, yet detectable, levels in the deeper ocean. DMS w was occasionally elevated in Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW), suggesting that ice shelf water transports this substance to deeper waters. DMSP was not found above detection limits below the mixed layer, but some evidence was found that DMSP may be transported to deeper waters, close to the Antarctic continent.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0148-0227
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/97JD03453
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 1998
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  • 7
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    Online Resource
    Ice‐core evidence for a small solar‐source of atmospheric nitrate
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 2001
    In:  Geophysical Research Letters Vol. 28, No. 10 ( 2001-05-15), p. 1953-1956
    Details
    In: Geophysical Research Letters, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 28, No. 10 ( 2001-05-15), p. 1953-1956
    Abstract: A precision‐dated ice‐core nitrate record from Law Dome, coastal East Antarctica is compared to the timing of known solar proton events and geomagnetic storms over the period 1888 to 1995. We find statistical evidence for a significant ( P 〈 0.03) but small elevation in mean nitrate concentrations following the solar events (∼11% over the 12 months beginning 3 months post‐event). While some solar events are identifiable in the nitrate record, most are not distinguishable from the background noisy signal (which has numerous large peaks), and some solar events show no nitrate elevation above even mean levels.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0094-8276 , 1944-8007
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/2000GL012207
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 2001
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    SSG: 16,13
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  • 8
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    Online Resource
    The Long‐Term Cooling Trend in East Antarctic Plateau Over the Past 2000 Years Is Only Robust Between 550 and 1550 CE
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 2021
    In:  Geophysical Research Letters Vol. 48, No. 7 ( 2021-04-16)
    Details
    In: Geophysical Research Letters, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 48, No. 7 ( 2021-04-16)
    Abstract: The previously reported long‐term cooling in East Antarctic Plateau from 1 to 1900 CE is only robust between 550 and 1550 CE The centennial‐scale warm climates occur in 150–250 and 500–800 CE, and cold climates in 1200–1300, 1400–1550, and 1600–1700 CE The variability of solar, volcanic, and orbital forcing should be responsible for the long‐term cooling and centennial‐scale cold climates
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0094-8276 , 1944-8007
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/2021GL092923
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 2021
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    detail.hit.zdb_id: 7403-2
    SSG: 16,13
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