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  • Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research  (2)
  • Nature Publishing Group  (2)
  • Blackwell Publishing Ltd  (1)
  • Earth System Science Data  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Direct measurements of volume transports through Fram Strait (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Polar research 20 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1751-8369
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences
    Notes: Heat and freshwater transports through Fram Strait are understood to have a significant influence on the hydrographic conditions in the Arctic Ocean and on water mass modifications in the Nordic seas. To determine these transports and their variability reliable estimates of the volume transport through the strait are required. Current meter moorings were deployed in Fram Strait from September 1997 to September 1999 in the framework of the EU MAST III Variability of Exchanges in the Northern Seas programme. The monthly mean velocity fields reveal marked velocity variations over seasonal and annual time scales, and the spatial structure of the northward flowing West Spitsbergen Current and the southward East Greenland Current with a maximum in spring and a minimum in summer. The volume transport obtained by averaging the monthly means over two years amounts to 9.5 ± 1.4 Sv to the north and 11.1 ± 1.7 Sv to the south (1 Sv = 106 m3s−1). The West Spitsbergen Current has a strong barotropic and a weaker baroclinic component; in the East Greenland Current barotropic and baroclinic components are of similar magnitude. The net transport through the strait is 4.2 ± 2.3 Sv to the south. The obtained northward and southward transports are significantly larger than earlier estimates in the literature; however, within its range of uncertainty the balance obtained from a two year average is consistent with earlier estimates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-8369.2001.tb00059.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Surprisingly rapid spreading of newly formed intermediate waters across the North Atlantic Ocean (1997)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 386 (1997), S. 675-679 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Ocean temperature, salinity and chlorofluorocarbon concentration data are used to track the recent spreading of cold intermediate-depth water masses from the Labrador Sea across the northern North Atlantic Ocean. These water masses, which are formed from surface waters by deep convection in ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/386675a0
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
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    Possible predictability in overflow from the Denmark Strait (1999)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 397 . pp. 243-246.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-02-28
    Description: The overflow and descent of cold dense water from the Denmark Strait sill-a submarine passage between Greenland and Iceland-is a principal means by which the deep ocean is ventilated, and is an important element in the global thermohaline circulation. Previous investigations of its variability-in particular, direct current measurements(1,2) in the overflow core since 1986-have shown surprisingly little evidence of long-term changes in now speed. Here we report significant changes in the overflow characteristics during the winter of 1996-97, measured using two current-meter moorings and an inverted echo sounder located at different depths in the fastest part of the now. The overflow warmed to the highest monthly value yet recorded (2.4 degrees C), and showed a pronounced slowing and thinning at its lower margin. We believe that the extreme warmth of the overflow caused it to run higher on the continental slope off east Greenland, so that the lower current meters and the echo sounder were temporarily outside and deeper than the fast-flowing core; model simulations appear to confirm this interpretation, We suggest that the extreme warmth of the overflow is a lagged response to a warming upstream in the Fram Strait three years earlier (caused by an exceptional amplification of the winter North Atlantic Oscillation). If this is so, over-now characteristics may be predictable.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1038/16680
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 4
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    3.5 kHz journal of Polarstern Leg ARK-VI/2 1989-05-16 to 1989-06-08 (1989)
    Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
    Format: application/pdf
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    PAPER (OA)
  • 5
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    3.5 kHz journal of Polarstern Leg ARK-III/2 1985-07-03 to 1985-07-30 (1984)
    Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research
    In:  EPIC3Bremerhaven, Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: PANGAEA Documentation , notRev
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 6
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    From pole to pole: 33 years of physical oceanography onboard R/V Polarstern (2017)
    Earth System Science Data
    In:  EPIC3Earth System Science Data, Earth System Science Data, 9(1), pp. 211-220, ISSN: 1866-3508
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-08-10
    Description: Measuring temperature and salinity profiles in the world's oceans is crucial to understanding ocean dynamics and its influence on the heat budget, the water cycle, the marine environment and on our climate. Since 1983 the German research vessel and icebreaker Polarstern has been the platform of numerous CTD (conductivity, temperature, depth instrument) deployments in the Arctic and the Antarctic. We report on a unique data collection spanning 33 years of polar CTD data. In total 131 data sets (1 data set per cruise leg) containing data from 10 063 CTD casts are now freely available at doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.860066. During this long period five CTD types with different characteristics and accuracies have been used. Therefore the instruments and processing procedures (sensor calibration, data validation, etc.) are described in detail. This compilation is special not only with regard to the quantity but also the quality of the data – the latter indicated for each data set using defined quality codes. The complete data collection includes a number of repeated sections for which the quality code can be used to investigate and evaluate long-term changes. Beginning with 2010, the salinity measurements presented here are of the highest quality possible in this field owing to the introduction of the OPTIMARE Precision Salinometer.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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