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  • Elsevier  (11)
  • Taylor & Francis  (2)
  • AGU (American Geophysical Union)  (1)
  • Institut für Meereskunde Kiel  (1)
  • Kiel : Inst. für Meereskunde  (1)
Document type
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Publisher
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Ökosystemforschung in der Kieler Bucht : Abschlußbericht für das BMBF-Projekt 03F0166A ; 1996 - 1998 (1999)
    Kiel : Inst. für Meereskunde
    Details Availability
    Keywords: Forschungsbericht ; Kieler Bucht ; Ökosystemforschung
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: Getr. Zählung [168 S.] , Ill., graph. Darst. , Digitalisierungsvorlage: Primärausg.
    Edition: Online-Ausg. Berlin SRZ 2008 Online-Ressource (168 S., 10,9 MB)
    URL: https://edocs.tib.eu/files/e01fbdig09/594737869.pdf
    URL: http://oceanrep.geomar.de/45442
    URL: https://edocs.tib.eu/files/e01fbdig09/594737869l.pdf
    Language: German , English
    Note: TIB Hannover , Systemvoraussetzungen: Acrobat reader. , Beitr. teilw. in dt. und engl.
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  • 2
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    High Resolution PCB Analysis of Kanechlor, Phenoclor and Sovol Mixtures Using Multidimensional Gas Chromatography (1992)
    Taylor & Francis
    In:  International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry, 47 (3). pp. 201-215.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-03-21
    Description: Kanechlor-300, -400, -500 and -600, Phenoclor DP-3, -4, -5 and -6 and Sovol mixtures were analyzed for their chlorobiphenyl (CB) composition using high-resolution one-dimensional and multidimensional gas chromatography-electron capture detection (MDGC-ECD) techniques. The congener patterns of tested Kanechlor and Phenoclor mixtures resembled Aroclor 1016, 1242, 1254 and 1260. However, differences in the percentage contribution of minor constituents were noticed among these mixtures, which could be due to variations in the boiling-point fractionation of these commercial products. CB pattern of Sovol was different from the rest of the mixtures tested. It showed a composition in between ca. 30%, 40%, 50% and 60% overall chlorine levels. MDGC-ECD study showed the presence of hitherto unnoticed non-CB compounds coeluting with CBs in some commercial PCBs. The use of these mixtures as quantitation standards should be considered with caution. CB patterns of Sovol and a water extract of the Gulf of Finland matched closely, indicating a point source contamination to these waters.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1080/03067319208027029
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 3
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    Chlorobiphenyls (PCB) and PAHs in water masses of the northern North Atlantic (1998)
    Elsevier
    In:  Marine Chemistry, 61 . pp. 101-114.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-08-21
    Description: Concentrations of 23 individual chlorobiphenyls (CBs) and 6 polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were determined in different water masses of the North Atlantic Ocean around Iceland. The study was carried out in the framework of the second Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) baseline studies of contaminants in the North Atlantic Ocean, involving trace organics and trace elements. Concentrations of individual CBs were extremely low. In solution, they varied between 〈2 and 126 fg dm−3 and in suspension between 〈2 and 1400 fg dm−3. The values for their sum (∑CB) were between 10 and 1048 in solution, and 286–11 241 fg dm−3 in suspension. ∑PAHs were present in the 〈5–65 pg dm−3 range, p,p′-DDE and hexachlorobenzene were 〈2 fg dm−3. The concentrations of CBs and PAHs decreased from the surface towards the bottom at each station. The lowest concentrations were found in Norwegian Sea Deep Water (∑CB 10 fg dm−3), concurrent with the lowest halocarbon concentrations found during the cruise. Values in near-surface waters were considerably lower than those determined at mid-latitudes of the North Atlantic. These findings reflect the mixing of water bodies with higher CB concentrations from the central North Atlantic with less contaminated waters from the Arctic Ocean. Concentrations in suspension exceeded those in solution in most samples, as a result of the relatively high suspended matter concentrations in the waters around Iceland. Particulate CB and PAH concentrations were positively correlated with particulate organic carbon concentrations. This suggests that suspended organic material is a carrier for these relatively apolar organic compounds in the water column. The data do not support the co-distillation concept suggested in the literature.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1016/S0304-4203(98)00010-3
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 4
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    Long time series of deep water particle flux in three biogeochemical provinces of the northeast Atlantic (2005)
    Elsevier
    In:  Journal of Marine Systems, 56 (3-4). pp. 391-415.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-09-22
    Description: Long-term observations of the deep ocean particle flux from three sites in the northeast Atlantic (33 degrees N, 22 degrees W; 47 degrees N, 20 degrees W; 54 degrees N, 20 degrees W) provide the basis for comparison and characterization of the biogeochemical provinces in terms of sedimentation pattern. Deep ocean particle flux data (2000 in) for fluxes of total mass and the flux composition are presented and compared to published sediment trap data from this area to consider regional-scale variations in the quantity and composition of settling material. The observations show that in the northeast Atlantic gradient of decreasing mass flux from North to South, exists consistent with known changes of biological productivity in surface waters. This gradient is associated with similar trends in opal and particulate organic carbon, whereas calcium carbonate shows trend in the opposite direction. The changes in the composition of the settling material found along the transect are indicating that the calcium carbonate flux is critical in removing organic matter from the upper ocean to the deeper sink. Its role declines from the subtropical ocean (60-80% of the particle flux) towards North (〈 40%) reflecting the decreasing importance of coccolithophorid/foraminiferal blooms for particle flux from the subtropical to the subpolar North Atlantic. In contrast, the role of biogenic silica (opal) in regard to the ballasting effect increases towards North. The northern sites have much higher percentage of biogenic silica than the sites in the South, because of the deep winter mixing and the seasonality of phytoplankton dominated by diatom blooms during spring and summer. The comparison of the seasonal pattern of particle flux with the seasonal pattern of surface chlorophyll a concentrations from SeaWiFS together with the similarity of the pattern observed in calcium carbonate and opal leads to the conclusion that the particle flux at two positions (33 degrees N, 22 degrees W; 47 degrees N, 20 degrees W) is fast and directly coupled to the phytoplankton dynamics in the overlying euphotic zone.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jmarsys.2005.03.001
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 5
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    Evidence for dissolution of fatty acids in sediment traps: impact on flux estimates (1994)
    AGU (American Geophysical Union)
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 99 (C2). pp. 3407-3415.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-04-27
    Description: The effect of dissolution from particulates into the supernatant solution in sediment trap sample cups has been measured for fatty acids. A mooring array with time series sediment traps was deployed in the northeast Atlantic Ocean (59°N, 21°W) for 14 months. Selected representative samples from the trap at 2200 m (poisoned with NaN3) were analyzed for total and free fatty acids in both the solution and particulate phase by means of gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry with an ion trap detector. The flux contribution of the dissolved total fatty acids (∑ DTFA) was found to be between 15 and 75% of the total flux (∑ TTFA, sum of the fluxes of total fatty acids in both particles and supernatants). Dissolved free fatty acids (∑ DFFA) represented 25–88% of the total flux of free fatty acids (∑ TFFA). Absolute concentrations of total and free fatty acids in both compartments are discussed in terms of the processes controlling the distribution between the two phases, for example, readsorption. Sample handling, poisoning, bacterial activity, and swimmers may also affect fatty acid distribution. Flux data (sum of particulate and dissolved fluxes) are presented for individual fatty acids. Also, the degree of dissolution of individual fatty acids is shown for one sample (dissolved fraction ranging between 16 and 98% of total flux).
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1029/93JC02784
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  • 6
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    Chlorobiphenyls in suspension and sediment of the southern Baltic Sea: a mass balance calculation since the onset of PCB-production (1999)
    Elsevier
    In:  Continental Shelf Research, 19 (7). pp. 891-910.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-09-23
    Description: The effect of the supply of chlorinated biphenyls by the river Oder into some adjacent areas of Baltic Sea was studied in nine sediment cores and in 10 suspended matter samples. Congener-specific analysis was carried out on 28 individual chlorobiphenyls (CBs). ∑CB concentrations in suspension ranged from 2.4 pg dm-3 in the southern Bornholm Basin to 986 pg dm-3 in the Achterwasser. ∑CB contents in surface sediment decreased with increasing distance from the river mouth. Highest contents were found in the Oderhaff (18 ng g-1 dw) decreasing to 2 ng g-1 dw in the Bornholm Basin. The ∑CB contents generally decreased more or less regularly with increasing depth. The compositions of the CB mixtures in surficial sediment and suspension samples were rather similar, suggesting a common source. Compositions of the CB mixtures in the sediment cores showed distinct differences. These may reflect variations in source strength over time. Mass balance considerations on the basis of the 28 CBs resulted in an estimation of a total storage of approximate 733±158 kg ∑CBs in the Oderhaff, Achterwasser, Greifswalder Bodden, Oder Rinne, Arkona Basin and Bornholm Basin in the past 65 years, covering the time period since CBs were first produced. Based on river data about 500 kg of ∑CBs were supplied during this time by river Oder, that may thus be the major source of these compounds for the southern Baltic Sea.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1016/S0278-4343(98)00117-4
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 7
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    Toxic chlorobiphenyls in adipose tissue and whole blood of an occupationally/acidentally exposed man and the general population (1994)
    Taylor & Francis
    In:  Archives of Environmental Health, 49 . pp. 375-383.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-08-17
    Description: Individual polychlorinated biphenyl (CB) congeners in adipose and whole blood tissues of a capacitor manufacture worker (occupational/accidental exposure) and of the general population were determined. Nondestructive sample cleanup and multidimensional gas chromatography-electron capture detection (MDGC-ECD) techniques were applied. Special attention was given to the toxicologically relevant congeners CB-77, CB-126, CB-169, CB-105, CB-114, CB-118, CB-156, CB-167, and CB-189 (IUPAC). Lipid-based tissue contents of sigma CBs were higher in the occupationally/accidentally exposed worker (adipose = 7,000 ng/g; whole blood = 11 ng/g) than in the general population (adipose = 300 ng/g; whole blood = 1.9 ng/g). Among the non-ortho Cl CBs, CB-77 was below detection limit (〈 1.0 pg/g). The contents of CB-126 for the capacitor manufacture worker were 2,000 and 3 pg/g, and in the general population were 100 and 2 pg/g for adipose and whole blood, respectively. The corresponding data for CB-169 were 3,500 and 4 for adipose and whole blood, respectively, in the exposed worker, and 40 and 2 for adipose and whole blood, respectively, in the general population. Congeners with highest contents were CB-153, CB-138, CB-180, CB-170, and CB-187. These congeners possess chlorine substitution patterns, making them resistant to metabolism. X/153 ratios suggest that both PB and 3-MC type cytochrome P-450 enzymes were induced in the exposed worker, as well as in the general population.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1080/00039896.1994.9954990
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  • 8
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    CB pattern in the harbour porpoise: Bioaccumulation, metabolism and evidence for cytochrome P450 IIB activity (1995)
    Elsevier
    In:  Chemosphere, 31 (7). pp. 3721-3732.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-09-23
    Description: Metabolism of chlorobiphenyls (CBs) was studied in harbour porpoise by comparing patterns of CB-X/CB-153 ratios in blood, brain, liver and blubber with the patterns in herring, the main food source. The CBs were classified in five groups, based on the presence/absence of vicinal H-atoms (vic. Hs) in meta,para (m,p) and/or ortho,meta (o,m) positions and the number of ortho-Cl-atoms (ortho-Cls). Plots of CB-X/CB-153 ratios in porpoise tissue vs the ratios in herring appeared to be linear for each CB group in all tissues. Slopes of these plots (metabolic slopes) were used as quantitative indicators of metabolic activity. In this way, activity of PB-type isozymes of the P450 monooxygenase system was apparent: in contrast to existing literature data, harbour porpoise appears to be able to metabolize congeners with m,p vic. Hs, even in the presence of more than 2 ortho-Cls. The presence of 3-MC-type (MC-type) isozymes was also detected. The metabolic slopes were also used as basis for risk assessment. Due to their metabolism the most toxic non-ortho CBs were not present in the tissues at detectable levels. We suggest a risk assessment approach which takes this into account. It is considered to be an alternative and more reliable basis for risk assessment than the use of toxic equivalent factors. The results support the model of equilibrium distribution of CBs in harbour porpoise and the role of blood as central transport medium. The model has been developed for persistent compounds; it appears to hold for metabolizable CB congeners as well.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1016/0045-6535(95)00221-S
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 9
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    Persistent chlorinated organic contaminants in harbour porpoises from the North Sea, the Baltic Sea and Arctic waters (1999)
    Elsevier
    In:  Science of the Total Environment, 237/238 . pp. 351-361.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-05-24
    Description: Individual chlorinated biphenyls (CBs) and chlorinated pesticides (p,p′-DDT and metabolites, HCHs and HCB) were determined in blubber samples of 40 harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) of different age and sex from the North Sea, the Baltic Sea and Greenland coastal waters. Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) were analysed in a selected group of animals. ΣCB concentrations (medians) in North Sea immature specimens were similar (14.9 μg/g lipid) to those from the Baltic Sea (17.0 μg/g lipid) and exceeding those in Greenland specimens by an order of magnitude (1.3 μg/g lipid). The median concentrations (μg/g lipid) of HCB, p,p′-DDE, p,p′-DDD and γ-HCH were in the order Greenland〈North Sea〈Baltic Sea. The highest concentrations of α-HCH (0.14 μg/g lipid) were found in the Greenland population, and p,p′-DDT was detected only in this group. The North Sea and Baltic Sea populations were identified as distinctly separate on the basis of levels and compositions of these contaminants. The ecological risk associated with dioxin-like toxicity was dominated by the CB congeners 118 and 170; the PCDD/Fs were playing only a minor role.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1016/S0048-9697(99)00148-5
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 10
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    Seasonal and interannual variability of the planktic foraminiferal flux in the vicinity of the Azores Current (2009)
    Elsevier
    In:  Deep-Sea Research Part I-Oceanographic Research Papers, 56 (1). pp. 107-124.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-10-21
    Description: Planktic foraminiferal (PF) flux and faunal composition from three sediment trap time series of 2002–2004 in the northeastern Atlantic show pronounced year-to-year variations despite similar sea surface temperature (SST). The averaged fauna of the in 2002/2003 is dominated by the species Globigerinita glutinata, whereas in 2003/2004 the averaged fauna is dominated by Globigerinoides ruber. We show that PF species respond primarily to productivity, triggered by the seasonal dynamics of vertical stratification of the upper water column. Multivariate statistical analysis reveals three distinct species groups, linked to bulk particle flux, to chlorophyll concentrations and to summer/fall oligotrophy with high SST and stratification. We speculate that the distinct nutrition strategies of strictly asymbiontic, facultatively symbiontic, and symbiontic species may play a key role in explaining their abundances and temporal succession. Advection of water masses within the Azores Current and species expatriation result in a highly diverse PF assemblage. The Azores Frontal Zone may have influenced the trap site in 2002, indicated by subsurface water cooling, by highest PF flux and high flux of the deep-dwelling species Globorotalia scitula. Similarity analyses with core top samples from the global ocean including 746 sites from the Atlantic suggest that the trap faunas have only poor analogs in the surface sediments. These differences have to be taken into account when estimating past oceanic properties from sediment PF data in the eastern subtropical North Atlantic.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1016/j.dsr.2008.08.009
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