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  • AGU (American Geophysical Union)  (16)
  • Arkticheskiy i Antarkticheskiy Nauchno-Issledovatel'skiy Institut (Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute)  (1)
  • Paulsen  (1)
  • 1
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    One more step toward a warmer Arctic (2005)
    AGU (American Geophysical Union)
    In:  Geophysical Research Letters, 32 (17). L17605.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-03-10
    Description: This study was motivated by a strong warming signal seen in mooring-based and oceanographic survey data collected in 2004 in the Eurasian Basin of the Arctic Ocean. The source of this and earlier Arctic Ocean changes lies in interactions between polar and sub-polar basins. Evidence suggests such changes are abrupt, or pulse-like, taking the form of propagating anomalies that can be traced to higher-latitudes. For example, an anomaly found in 2004 in the eastern Eurasian Basin took ∼1.5 years to propagate from the Norwegian Sea to the Fram Strait region, and additional ∼4.5–5 years to reach the Laptev Sea slope. While the causes of the observed changes will require further investigation, our conclusions are consistent with prevailing ideas suggesting the Arctic Ocean is in transition towards a new, warmer state.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1029/2005GL023740
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 2
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    Properties of the Atlantic derived halocline waters over the Laptev Sea continental margin: Evidence from 2002 to 2009 (2011)
    AGU (American Geophysical Union)
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 116 (C10). C10024.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-09-23
    Description: A series of transects carried out in 2002–2009 across the Laptev Sea continental margin show consistent cross‐slope differences of the lower halocline water (LHW). Over the slope the LHW core is on average warmer and saltier by 0.39°C and 0.26 practical salinity unit, respectively, relative to the off‐slope LHW. Underlying Atlantic water (AW) thermohaline properties exhibit an opposite pattern; it is colder and fresher over the slope and warmer and saltier off the slope. Although on‐slope and off‐slope LHWs have different formation histories, our results suggest that an important part of the heat and salt lost from the AW is gained by the overlying LHW over the continental slope area. This implies the role of enhanced vertical mixing over the sloping topography, which contributes to the difference between the on‐ and off‐slope LHW properties. The distribution of chemical tracers (dissolved oxygen and nutrients) provides further evidence supporting this interpretation and additionally suggests that the LHW may also be influenced by water from the outer shelf.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1029/2011JC007269
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 3
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    Recent changes in shelf hydrography in the Siberian Arctic : potential for subsea permafrost instability (2011)
    AGU (American Geophysical Union)
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 116 . C10027.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-02-27
    Description: Summer hydrographic data (1920–2009) show a dramatic warming of the bottom water layer over the eastern Siberian shelf coastal zone (〈10 m depth), since the mid-1980s, by 2.1°C. We attribute this warming to changes in the Arctic atmosphere. The enhanced summer cyclonicity results in warmer air temperatures and a reduction in ice extent, mainly through thermodynamic melting. This leads to a lengthening of the summer open-water season and to more solar heating of the water column. The permafrost modeling indicates, however, that a significant change in the permafrost depth lags behind the imposed changes in surface temperature, and after 25 years of summer seafloor warming (as observed from 1985 to 2009), the upper boundary of permafrost deepens only by ∼1 m. Thus, the observed increase in temperature does not lead to a destabilization of methane-bearing subsea permafrost or to an increase in methane emission. The CH4 supersaturation, recently reported from the eastern Siberian shelf, is believed to be the result of the degradation of subsea permafrost that is due to the long-lasting warming initiated by permafrost submergence about 8000 years ago rather than from those triggered by recent Arctic climate changes. A significant degradation of subsea permafrost is expected to be detectable at the beginning of the next millennium. Until that time, the simulated permafrost table shows a deepening down to ∼70 m below the seafloor that is considered to be important for the stability of the subsea permafrost and the permafrost-related gas hydrate stability zone.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1029/2011JC007218
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 4
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    The impact of Siberian coastal polynyas on shelf-derived Arctic Ocean halocline waters (2012)
    AGU (American Geophysical Union)
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 117 (C4). C00G12.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-09-23
    Description: Hydrographic and stable oxygen isotope (H218O/H216O) sampling was carried out within the West New Siberian (WNS) coastal polynyas in the southern Laptev Sea in late winters 2008 and 2009. The impact of sea-ice formation on the water column was quantified by a salinity/{lower case delta}18O mass balance. Several stations had vertically homogeneous physical properties in April/May 2008 and featured polynya-formed local bottom water with elevated signals of brine released during sea-ice formation and elevated fractions of river water. The polynya-formed bottom water was fresher than surrounding bottom waters. At other stations salinity/{lower case delta}18O correlation showed well defined mixing lines for bottom and surface layers. In March/April 2009 surface waters were strongly influenced by Lena River water and local polynya activity with elevated brine signals reached to intermediate depth, but did not penetrate the bottom layer in the highly stratified water column. Inventory values of sea-ice formation were comparable in both years, but freshwater distributions from the preceding summers were different. Therefore, the observed difference in the impact of polynya activity on the water column is not primarily controlled by the amount of sea-ice formed during winter but by preconditioning from the preceding summer. Only in years when the river plume is mostly absent in the polynya region stratification is weak and allows winter sea-ice formation to reach the bottom layer. Thus summer stratification controls the influence of local polynya water on the shelf's bottom hydrography and, as bottom water is exported, impacts on the source water of shelf-derived halocline waters.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1029/2011JC007282
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 5
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    A tracer study of the Arctic Ocean's liquid freshwater export variability (2010)
    AGU (American Geophysical Union)
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 115 . C07015.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-04-25
    Description: We present an analysis of the variability of the liquid Arctic freshwater (FW) export, using a simulation from the Community Climate System Model Version 3 (CCSM3) that includes passive tracers for FW from different sources. It is shown that the FW exported through the western Canadian Arctic Archipelago (CAA) comes mainly from the Pacific and from North American runoff. The variability of the FW export from both of these sources is generally in phase, due to the strong influence of variations of the velocity anomaly on the CAA FW export variability. The velocity anomaly in the CAA is in turn mainly governed by variations in the large-scale atmospheric circulation (i.e., the Arctic Oscillation). In Fram Strait, the FW export is mainly composed of Eurasian runoff and FW of Pacific origin. The variability of the Fram Strait FW export is governed both by changes in the velocity and in the FW concentration, and the variability of the FW concentration from the two largest sources is not in phase. The Eurasian runoff export through Fram Strait depends strongly on the release of FW from the Eurasian shelf, which occurs during years with an anticyclonic circulation anomaly (negative Vorticity index) and takes 3 years to reach Fram Strait after leaving the shelf. In contrast, the variability of the Pacific FW export through Fram Strait is mainly controlled by changes in the Pacific FW storage in the Beaufort Gyre, with an increased export during years with a cyclonic circulation anomaly (positive Vorticity index).
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1029/2009JC005873
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 6
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    Tide-induced vertical mixing in the Laptev Sea coastal polynya (2012)
    AGU (American Geophysical Union)
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 117 . C00G14.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-02-27
    Description: Enhanced semidiurnal-band velocity shear across the shelf halocline layer (SHL) was found during land-fast ice edge mooring-based acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) and conductivity-temperature-depth (CTD) observations over the eastern Laptev Sea shelf (∼74°N, 128°E) in April–May 2008 and April 2009. In 2008, the major axis amplitude for the lunar semidiurnal M2tidal ellipses demonstrated intermediate maximum in the SHL at 11–13 m (15 ± 3 cm/s), gradually decreasing to subice and near-bottom layers to ∼9 ± 3 cm/s (at 7 m) and 7 ± 2 cm/s (at 19 m), respectively. In 2009, the semidiurnal tidal flow exhibited similar patterns, but velocities were reduced by about factor of 2. Our estimates of gradient Richardson numbers suggest that the velocity shear associated with semidiurnal baroclinic tidal flow may be strong enough to play a role in water mass modification, promoting shear instabilities, turbulence, and vertical mixing of seawater properties across the SHL. This suggestion is consistent with near-homogeneous water layers episodically occurring in the SHL. Differences in the background stratification and local tidal dynamics between 2008 and 2009, together with rapid responses of the semidiurnal motion to polynya openings, suggest that the baroclinic tide is locally generated.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1029/2011JC006966
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 7
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    Sea-ice production over the Laptev Sea shelf inferred from historical summer-to-winter hydrographic observations of 1960s-1990s (2009)
    AGU (American Geophysical Union)
    In:  Geophysical Research Letters, 36 (13). L13605.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-11-07
    Description: The winter net sea-ice production (NSIP) over the Laptev Sea shelf is inferred from continuous summer-to-winter historical salinity records of 1960s–1990s. While the NSIP strongly depends on the assumed salinity of newly formed ice, the NSIP quasi-decadal variability can be linked to the wind-driven circulation anomalies in the Laptev Sea region. The increased wind-driven advection of ice away from the Laptev Sea coast when the Arctic Oscillation (AO) is positive implies enhanced coastal polynya sea-ice production and brine release in the shelf water. When the AO is negative, the NSIP and seasonal salinity amplitude tends to weaken. These results are in reasonable agreement with sea-ice observations and modeling.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1029/2009GL038775
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 8
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    Krupnomasshtabnye izmeneniya atlanticheskikh vod v Arkticheskom Basseine (Large-scale and interannual variability of the Atlantic water in the Arctic Ocean, in Russian) (2011)
    Paulsen
    In:  In: Okeanografiya i Morskoy Led = Oceanography and Sea Ice. , ed. by Frolov, I. Y. Vklad Rossii v Mezhdunarodnyj polyarnyj god 2007/08 (Contributions of Russia to International Polar Year 2007/08) . Paulsen, Moskva, Sankt-Peterburg, pp. 178-195. ISBN 978-5-98797-065-2
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-01-25
    Description: The long-term variability of the intermediate Atlantic Water (AW) layer in the Arctic Ocean is analyzed. We reveal a positive temperature and negative salinity linear trends for the entire Arctic Ocean. Warming and cooling tendencies in the Canada Basin lags those for the Eurasian Basin by 9-10 years with similar duration for the warming and cooling periods for both basins. In contrast, salinity tendency in the Canada Basin lags those in the Eurasian Basins by 8-16 years salinity, and durationof saltier and fresher anomalies is different. The interannual variability for the depth of AW upper boundary and AW core temperature is studiedusing two first modes of the Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF) decomposition exhibit unique patterns that have been never observed over the entire period of instrumental observations. For 2009, our analysis reveals the AW recovery to already observed patterns. our examination also shows that the AW warming and cooling is also accompanied by changes in depthsof the AW upper boundary and the AW core that provides evidence for the different volume and properties of the AW during warmer and cooler phases. In this respect, the AW warming in 1950s, 1990s differs from those in during the International Polar Year 2007/2008
    Type: Book chapter , NonPeerReviewed
    Format: text
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    OceanRep: Book chapter
  • 9
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    Thermohaline intrusions in the northern Laptev Sea (in Russian) (2008)
    Arkticheskiy i Antarkticheskiy Nauchno-Issledovatel'skiy Institut (Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute)
    In:  In: Raspresnennye vody i presnyy rezerv Severnogo Ledovitogo okeana (Freshened waters and freshwater reserve of the Arctic Ocean, in Russian). Trudy AANII (Proceedings of AARI), 448 . Arkticheskiy i Antarkticheskiy Nauchno-Issledovatel'skiy Institut (Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute), St. Peterburg, Rossiya, pp. 205-216.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-04-22
    Type: Book chapter , PeerReviewed
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    OceanRep: Book chapter
  • 10
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    Exchange of Laptev Sea and Arctic halocline waters in response to atmospheric forcing (2009)
    AGU (American Geophysical Union)
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 114 . C05008.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-09-23
    Description: Combined delta O18/salinity data reveal a distinctive water mass generated during winter sea ice formation which is found predominantly in the coastal polynya region of the southern Laptev Sea. Export of the brine-enriched bottom water shows interannual variability in correlation with atmospheric conditions. Summer anticyclonic circulation is favoring an offshore transport of river water at the surface as well as a pronounced signal of brine-enriched waters at about 50 m water depth at the shelf break. Summer cyclonic atmospheric circulation favors onshore or an eastward, alongshore water transport, and at the shelf break the river water fraction is reduced and the pronounced brine signal is missing, while on the middle Laptev Sea shelf, brine-enriched waters are found in high proportions. Residence times of bottom and subsurface waters on the shelf may thereby vary considerably: an export of shelf waters to the Arctic Ocean halocline might be shut down or strongly reduced during "onshore'' cyclonic atmospheric circulation, while with "offshore'' anticyclonic atmospheric circulation, brine waters are exported and residence times may be as short as 1 year only.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1029/2008JC005062
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
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