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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Deoxylysolecithin and a new biphenyl detergent as solubilizing agents for bovine rhodopsin. Functional test by formation of metarhodopsin II and binding of G-protein (1987)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Biochemistry 26 (1987), S. 5908-5916 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-4995
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bi00392a050
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Morphometrische Untersuchungen der A. vertebralis bei Säuglingen und Kleinkindern (1986)
    Springer
    International journal of legal medicine 97 (1986), S. 41-48 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-1596
    Keywords: Vertebral artery, morphometrical study ; SIDS ; Arteria vertebralis, Morphometrie ; Plötzlicher Kindstod
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Law
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Bei 48 plötzlichen Kindstodesfällen und in einem Vergleichskollektiv (n=18) wurden in jeweils drei verschiedenen topographischen Regionen planimetrisch Innenumfang und Mediaquerschnittsflächen der Aa. vertebrales bestimmt. Unter Berücksichtigung eines experimentell ermittelten Meßfehlers fand sich in beiden untersuchten Gruppen in mehr als der Hälfte der Fälle ein gesicherter Seitenunterschied. Diese Seitenunterschiede waren zum Teil erheblich und lassen hämodynamische Konsequenzen erwarten. Es werden die Beziehungen zum plötzlichen Kindstod erörtert.
    Notes: Summary The internal circumference of the vertebral artery and the cross-sectional area of its tunica media were measured planimetrically at three different topographical sites in 48 cases of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) and 18 reference cases. Based on preliminary determination of the error of measurement, both groups studied showed significant differences between sides. As the degree of differences is often marked, impressive haemodynamic consequences can be expected. The findings are discussed with regard to SIDS.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00200958
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stress in the human ankle joint: A brief review (1985)
    Springer
    Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery 103 (1985), S. 385-391 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-3916
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die gelenkbildenden Knochen des oberen Sprunggelenkes werden durch die Resultierende R t [13] axial auf Druck beansprucht. Der reinen Druckbeanspruchung ist eine Biegebeanspruchung überlagert, die durch Zugkräfte von seiten der Kollateralbänder zustandekommt. Die Belastung durch die Bandkräfte kommt in den seitlichen Arealen des Gelenkes, vor allem am Malleolus lateralis, zum Tragen. Die Skelettelemente des oberen Sprunggelenkes sind durch Materialverteilung des Knochengewebes and durch Ausrichtung der Substantia spongiosa an these Art der Beanspruchung angepaßt. Ergebnisse spannungsoptischer Befunde, die unter dem aufgezeigten Belastungsmodus durchgeführt werden, zeigen eine Übereinstimmung mit den morphologischen Ergebnissen. Orten hoher Isochromatenordnungszahlen im Modell entsprechen Zonen großer Materialmenge im Aequidensitenbild. Der Trajektorienverlauf im Modell stimmt mit der Ausrichtung der auf Druck and Zug beanspruchten Spongiosatrabekel Überein.
    Notes: Summary The articular bones of the ankle joint are subjected to stress along their vertical axis by the resultant force R t [13]. On this compressive stress is superimposed bending resulting from tensile forces exerted by the collateral ligaments. The loading by tensile forces is greatest in the lateral areas of the joint, especially at the fibular malleolus. The bony elements of the ankle joint are adapted to this specific mode of stress by the distribution of osseous material in the subchondral bone and by cancellous architecture. Results from photoelastic model tests correspond to the morphological findings if models are subjected to stress by both compressive forces and tensile forces. Zones with high fringe orders of isochromatics in the model correspond to areas with high density of the osseous tissue in equidensity pictures, and the trajectorial pattern in Plexiglas models mirrors the alignment of compressive and tensile cancellous trabeculae.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00435446
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Image analysis of the histochemical demonstration of glucose-6-phosphatase activity in rat liver (1986)
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 86 (1986), S. 181-190 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Activities of histochemically demonstrated glucose-6-phosphatase were quantified by computerized densitometry using image analysis in livers of female adult Wistar rats fed ad libitum and fasted 22 h before sacrifice. Mean optical densities along the path between small portal tracts and efferent hepatic venous branches and enzyme activities obtained from biochemical assays exhibited a strong positive correlation. The gradients of high periportal to lower perivenous glucose-6-phosphatase activities were analysed by profiles of optical density along these distances. Mapping optical densities in an image of equidensity range provided information on the distribution pattern of hepatic glucose-6-phosphatase over an extended two-dimensional area. This visualisation of histochemical enzyme reaction based on quantitative data supports the approach of sampling across the entire protal → hepatic venous distance disregarding parenchymal zonation. Utilities provided by computer assisted image analysis will have some bearing for further adequate quantitative description of liver function and structural make up.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00493385
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quantitative receptor autoradiography in the human brain (1988)
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 90 (1988), S. 129-137 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Quantitative receptor autoradiography on sections of the human brain raises methodical problems of which some are relevant also for studies in animal tissue, but others are unique in studies of human brain tissue. Procedures for the following methodical aspects are discussed image analysis for quantitation of the regional distribution of receptor densities, saturation analysis on autoradiographs, influence of age and post-mortem delay and quenching of β-radiation in brain tissue. The solutions proposed to these problems make receptor autoradiography in the human brain to a reliable method for studies of chemical neuroanatomy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00500977
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Local cerebral glucose utilization in the hippocampus of old rats (1989)
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 92 (1989), S. 413-419 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The local cerebral glucose utilization (LCGU) was measured in the different areas and layers of the Ammon's horn and dentate gyrus of young adult (3 to 4-month-old) rats, and of 27-month-old rats with proven cognitive deficits. The LCGU was determined by quantitative [14C]2-deoxyglucose autoradiography. Compared to young animals, in the old rats the LCGU was significantly reduced by 12% to 15% in the oriens layers of CA1 and CA2, the pyramidal layers of the CA sectors 1–3, the radiatum and lacunosum-molecular layers of CA2 and CA3 and in the lucidum layer of CA3. The LCGU values of all the other layers of the Ammon's horn and the dentate gyrus did not differ significantly between young and old rats. The pattern of the LCGU reduction found in the old rats roughly resembles changes found after fimbra-fornix lesions or systemic administration of scopolamine, suggesting a functionally important deficit in the cholinergic innervation of the old rats' hippocampi.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00492499
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Local cerebral glucose utilization in the autoimmune New Zealand Black (NZB) mouse (1989)
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 92 (1989), S. 343-348 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary By means of the [14C]-2-deoxyglucose method the local cerebral glucose utilization (LCGU) was measured in 41 brain regions in autoimmune New Zealand Black (NZB) mice and in Carworth Farm Winkelmann (CFW) mice, which served as the control strain. At the age of 6 months, the mean LCGU of all measured areas and brain stem nuclei was 67.7 μmol glucose/(100 g x min) in the nonautoimmune CFW mice. These LCGU values are within the limits published by other observers. In contrast, in the aged-matched NZB mice the glucose use was markedly reduced, the mean LCGU of all measured areas being 37.7 μmol glucose/(100 g x min). These findings suggest that the immunological, morphological and behavioural abnormalities in the aged NZB mouse correlate with a reduced functional activity of the central nervous system, measured as reduced cerebral glucose utilization.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00500551
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structural inhomogeneity in the neuropil of lamina II/III in rabbit visual cortex (1989)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 77 (1989), S. 39-47 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Visual cortex ; Dendrite bundles ; Neuropil ; Extracellular space ; Stereology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Due to the bundling of apical dendrites throughout laminae IV-II of the cerebral cortex, two compartments of neuropil are distinguished: (1) the neuropil of the dendrite bundles consisting of closely associated, vertically oriented apical dendrites of pyramidal cells and the fine cell processes between them and (2) the neuropil separating the dendrite bundles. The aim of the present study is to obtain more information concerning differences in composition and arrangement of fine cell processes in the two compartments and to quantify differences in the configuration and size of the extracellular space. To this end, a comparative stereological study of the two compartments has been performed in the upper half of lamina II/III in the visual cortex of 8 adult rabbits. The various constituent elements of the neuropil have been evaluated in electron micrographs with respect (a) to their volume fractions and (b) to their surface fractions, i.e. the surface areae of their membranes comprised in a given volume of tissue. It was found that the volume fractions of thin axons, glial processes and spines are significantly higher between than within dendrite bundles, whereas the volume fraction of dendrites is about 50% higher in the compartment of the bundles. However, when excluding the dendrites in both compartments from calculations, the composition of the remaining neuropil within and between dendrite bundles was found to be identical. As far as surface fractions are concerned, significant differences were shown to exist for all kinds of cell processes except dendrites and myelinated axons. Surface fractions of small axons, glial processes and spines are higher between than within dendrite bundles. The same is true for the surface density of membranes if all kinds of processes are taken together. These findings indicate that the extracellular space between dendrite bundles is considerably more tortuous than that within bundles. Calculation reveals that between dendrite bundles the volume fraction of the extracellular space is about 32% higher than within the bundles.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00250565
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Local cerebral glucose utilization in the Ammon's horn and dentate gyrus of the rat brain (1988)
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 88 (1988), S. 415-426 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The local cerebral glucose utilization (LCGU) was measured in different regions and layers of the Ammon's horn and dentate gyrus in the conscious rat. The LCGU was determined by quantitative [14C]2-deoxyglucose autoradiography using a computerized image processing system. In the hippocampus, the various regions and layers exhibited different glucose consumptions, the lowest values being found in the alveus and the highest ones in the lacunosum-molecular layers of the dentate gyrus' external limb. Additionally, in many layers, the LCGU values of the left hemispheres were found to be higher compared with the right hemispheres. The analysis of LCGU changes in rostrocaudal direction revealed, that in sector 1 of Ammon's horn and in the dentate gyrus the glucose consumption decreased from rostral to caudal levels, whereas in sector 3 of Ammon's horn an increase was found.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00570304
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The determination of the local cerebral glucose utilization with the 2-deoxyglucose method (1988)
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 90 (1988), S. 109-121 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary In the adult mammalian brain, the energy metabolism is almost entirely dependent on glucose. Furthermore, a close relationship between the energy metabolism and the functional activity could be shown. Thus, the functional activity of the brain or parts thereof can be quantified by measuring the cerebral metabolic rate for glucose. Studying in vivo the fate of a radioactive labeled analogue of glucose, the 2-deoxy-d-[1-14C]glucose, and using quantitative autoradiographic techniques, it is possible to estimate the cerebral glucose utilization of every discrete brain region. The advantage of the 2-deoxyglucose method is, that the local cerebral glucose utilization represents a “metabolic encephalography” (Sokoloff 1982).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00500975
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