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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Two-dimensional horn imaging arrays (abstract) (1988)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 59 (1988), S. 1592-1592 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A two-dimensional horn imaging array has been demonstrated at 242 and 93 GHz. In this configuration, a dipole is suspended in a pyramidal horn, fabricated by an anisotropic chemical etch technique, on a 1-μm silicon-oxynitride membrane. This approach leaves room for low-frequency lines and processing electronics. Pattern measurements on a 1.45-λ imaging array agree well with theory, show no sidelobes, and a 3-dB beamwidth of 35° and 46° for the E and H planes, respectively. Application areas include a superconducting tunnel-junction receiver for radio astronomy and imaging arrays for real-time electron density mapping in fusion plasmas. Support for this project was provided by DOE contract DE-FG03-86-ER-53225 (subcontracted from U.C.L.A.).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1140156
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diode grids for electronic beam steering and frequency multiplication (1986)
    Springer
    International journal of infrared and millimeter waves 7 (1986), S. 27-41 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9559
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Loading a grid with diodes offers the possibility of two-dimensional control of millimeter waves that is analogous to holography and nonlinear optics. These grids are attractive because they are suitable for monolithic integration with gallium-arsenide Schottky diodes and for high-power operation. Here we present grid designs for electronic beam-steering and harmonic generation. The beam-steering grid is a programmable reflector, where the diode bias controls the phase shift of the reflection. The variation of the phase across the grating sets the direction of the reflected beam. The reflection loss in computer simulations is 3dB at 90GHz. The harmonic-generating grid acts as a nonlinear reactive surface, where the nonlinear capacitance of the diodes produces the harmonic frequencies. Quasioptical filters select the desired harmonic. Computer simulations predict that a 65GHz-to-130GHz doubler would have an output power of 0.56W/cm2 and a conversion efficiency of 35%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01011060
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Submillimeter-wave antennas on thin membranes (1987)
    Springer
    International journal of infrared and millimeter waves 8 (1987), S. 1249-1255 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9559
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Submillimeter-wave antennas have been fabricated on 1-μm thick silicon-oxynitride membranes. This approach results in better patterns than previous lens-coupled antennas, and eliminates the dielectric loss associated with the substrate lens. Measurements on a wideband log-periodic antenna at 700 GHz, 370 GHz and 167 GHz show no sidelobes and 3-dB beamwidths between 40° and 60°. A linear imaging array has similar patterns at 700 GHz. Possible applications for membrane antennas include wideband superconducting tunnel-junction receivers for radio astronomy and imaging arrays for radiometry and plasma diagnostics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01011076
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Grid oscillators (1988)
    Springer
    International journal of infrared and millimeter waves 9 (1988), S. 647-654 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9559
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Loading a two-dimensional grid with active devices offers a means of combining the power of solid-state oscillators in the microwave and millimeter-wave range. The grid structure allows a large number of negative resistance devices to be combined. This approach is attractive because the active devices do not require an external locking signal, and the combining is done in free space. In addition, the loaded grid is a planar structure amenable to monolithic integration. Measurements on a 25-MESFET grid at 9.7 GHz show power-combining and frequencylocking without an external locking signal, with an ERP of 37 W. Experimental far-field patterns agree with theoretical results obtained using reciprocity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01013417
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Focusing properties of small lenses (1986)
    Springer
    International journal of infrared and millimeter waves 7 (1986), S. 1631-1647 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9559
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The potential use of small substrate lenses for coupling to antennas at millimeter wave frequencies is investigated by analyzing the focusing properties of dielectric spheres with quarter-wave matching layers. The fields and the power density are calculated at various points within the sphere to learn how the focusing deteriorates as the lens is made smaller. The absorption loss of the lens is also calculated. The calculations show that quartz spheres with quarter-wave matching layers, can exhibit good focusing properties down to a radius of about half a free space wavelength. This minimum radius was found to increase almost linearly with the refractive index of the lens. The calculations also indicate that at 94GHz the absorption losses of fused quartz, silicon and gallium arsenide lenses, with radii of one free space wavelength or less, are less than 0.2 dB. As the minimum diameter of a quartz lens is comparable with the spot size in free space, it should be possible to build an imaging lens array in which each lens will act as a separate imaging element.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01010762
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Grid oscillators (1988)
    Springer
    International journal of infrared and millimeter waves 9 (1988), S. 1003-1010 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9559
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Loading a two-dimensional grid with active devices offers a means of combining the power of solid-state oscillators in the microwave and millimeter-wave range. The grid structure allows a large number of negative resistance devices to be combined. This approach is attractive because the active devices do not require an external locking signal, and the combining is done in free space. In addition, the loaded grid is a planar structure amenable to monolithic integration. Measurements on a 25-MESFET grid at 9.7 GHz show power-combining and frequencylocking without an external locking signal, with an ERP of 37 W. Experimental far-field patterns agree with theoretical results obtained using reciprocity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01010771
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A polystyrene cap for matching a silicon lens at millimeter wavelengths (1985)
    Springer
    International journal of infrared and millimeter waves 6 (1985), S. 909-917 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9559
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract A polystyrene cap for a silicon lens has been fabricated by thermal molding. The cap is 0.5mm thick, and it acts as a quarter-wave matching layer at 94GHz. The measured performance from 75GHz to 170GHz agrees with theory. The reflection loss at 94GHz is reduced by 1.5dB. This is an economical way to make a millimeter-wave anti-reflection coating. This makes a monolithic circuit with a gallium-arsenide substrate and a silicon lens much more attractive than before. The total absorption and reflection loss for a linch diameter lens with the cap should be 1.1dB.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01013298
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Large area bolometers for millimeter-wave power calibration (1989)
    Springer
    International journal of infrared and millimeter waves 10 (1989), S. 931-936 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9559
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract An accurate monolithic power meter has been developed for millimeter-wave applications. The detector is a large-area Bismuth bolometer, integrated on a fused-Quartz substrate. It simply measures the temperature change caused by the absorption of millimeter-wave radiation. The power meter is simple to fabricate, inexpensive, and can be easily calibrated using a low-frequency network. The measured responsivity for a 50Ω bolometer, with an area of 1×1cm, at a bias of 1V. and a video modulation of 100Hz, is 1mV/W. The noise spectrum exhibits a 1/f rolloff till 1KHz, and is limited by the Johnson noise for higher frequencies. The NEP of the detector is 3μWHz−1/2 at a video modulation of 1KHz. It is possible to decrease the current NEP by fabricating bolometers with higher responsivities. Possible application areas are absolute power calibration and localized power density measurements at millimeter and submillimeter wavelengths.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01010389
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Millimeter wave monolithic schottky diode imaging arrays (1985)
    Springer
    International journal of infrared and millimeter waves 6 (1985), S. 981-997 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9559
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Planar Schottky diodes are integrated with bow-tie antennas to form a one-dimensional array. The energy is focused onto the antennas through a silicon lens placed on the back of the gallium-arsenide substrate. A polystyrene cap on the silicon lens reduces the reflection loss. A self-aligning process with proton isolation has been developed to make the planar Schottky diodes with a 1.1-THz zero-bias cutoff frequency. The antenna coupling efficiency and imaging properties of the system are studied by video detection measurements at 94 GHz. As a heterodyne receiver, a double-sideband mixer conversion loss of 11.2 dB and noise temperature of 3770°K have been achieved at a local oscillator frequency of 91 GHz. Of this loss, 6.2 dB is attributed to the optical system and the antenna.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01010676
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Effect of pH on Gallopamil Protein Binding (1988)
    Springer
    Pharmaceutical research 5 (1988), S. 619-620 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-904X
    Keywords: gallopamil ; binding ; human serum albumin ; alpha-1 acid glycoprotein ; acidosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1015910501117
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