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  • Articles  (6)
  • Engineering  (2)
  • Hybrid sterility  (2)
  • hydrocarbon contamination  (2)
  • 1995-1999  (6)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A genome-wide analysis of wide compatibility in rice and the precise location of the S5 locus in the molecular map (1997)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 95 (1997), S. 809-814 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Oryza sativa L ; Indica and japonica ; Hybrid sterility ; Mapping ; Rice breeding
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  The discovery of wide-compatibility varieties (WCVs) that are able to produce normal fertility hybrids when crossed both to indica and japonica rice has enabled the fertility barrier between indica and japonica subspecies to be broken and provided the possibility of developing inter-subspecific hybrids in rice breeding programs. However, a considerable variation in the fertility level of hybrids from the same WCV crossed to different varieties has often been observed. One hypothesis for this variable fertility is that additional genes are involved in hybrid fertility besides the wide-compatibility gene (WCG). To assess such a possibility, we performed a genome-wide analysis by assaying a large population from a three-way cross ‘02428’/‘Nanjing 11’//‘Balilla’ using a total of 171 RFLP probes detecting 191 polymorphic loci distributed throughout the entire rice linkage map. Our analysis recovered 3 loci conferring significant effects on hybrid fertility. The major locus on chromosome 6 coincided in chromosomal location with the previously identified S 5 locus, and the 2 minor loci that mapped to chromosomes 2 and 12, respectively, were apparently distinct from all previously reported hybrid sterility genes. Interaction between the indica and japonica alleles at each of the loci caused a reduction in hybrid fertility. The joint effect of the 2 minor loci could lead to partial sterility even in the presence of the WCG. The location of the S 5 locus on the molecular marker linkage map was determined to be approximately 1.0 cM from the RFLP locus R2349. This tight linkage will be useful for marker-aided transfer of the WCG in hybrid rice breeding and for map-based cloning.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220050629
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The high level of wide-compatibility of variety ‘Dular’ has a complex genetic basis (1998)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 97 (1998), S. 407-412 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Oryza sativa L. ; Indica-japonica cross ; Hybrid sterility ; Molecular marker ; Genetic analysis ; Epistasis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Wide-compatibility varieties (WCVs) are a special class of rice germplasm that is able to produce fertile hybrids when crossed to both indica and japonica rice varieties. WCVs may differ greatly in their spectrum and level of compatibility. The objective of this study was to determine the genetic basis of wide-compatibility conferred by ‘Dular’, a landrace variety from India that has demonstrated a high level of wide-compatibility in previous studies with a broad range of indica and japonica varieties. A three-way cross (‘Balilla/Dular//Nanjing 11’) was made and the resulting F1 population evaluated in the field for spikelet fertility. A total of 235 plants from this population was assayed individually for restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) at 159 marker loci covering the entire rice genome at regular intervals. Quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis identified 5 loci, located on chromosomes 1, 3, 5, 6 and 8, as having significant effects on hybrid fertility, which jointly explained 55.5% of the fertility variation in this population. The QTL on chromosome 5 ( f5) showed the largest effect on hybrid fertility, followed by those on chromosomes 6 ( f6), 3 ( f3) and 1 ( f1), with the one on chromosome 8 ( f8) having the smallest effect. Genotypes each composed of an allele from ‘Dular’ and an allele from ‘Nanjing 11’ at four ( f3, f5, f6 and f8) of the five QTLs contributed to the increase of fertility in the population. In contrast, the genotype composed of alleles from ‘Balilla’ and ‘Nanjing 11’ at the fifth locus ( f1) was in the direction of increasing fertility. Analysis of variance using marker genotypes at the five QTLs as the groups detected two interactions involving four of the five loci, a 2-locus interaction between f5 and f8 and a 3-locus interaction among f3, f5 and f6. The level of hybrid fertility is the result of complex interactions among these loci. The implication of the present findings in the utilization of the wide-compatibility of ‘Dular’ in rice breeding programs is also discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220050910
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Importance of soil-water relations in assessing the endpoint of bioremediated soils (1997)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 192 (1997), S. 219-226 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: barley ; bioremediation ; hydrocarbon ; hydrocarbon contamination ; plant growth ; soil contamination ; soil water ; soil water properties ; water repellency
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Much effort has been focused on defining the end-point of bioremediated soils by chemical analysis toxicity tests. However, these tests do not assess the quality, or the capability, of soil to support plant growth after bioremediation. We studied the response of plants to hydrocarbon contaminants by camparing barley (Hordeum vulgare) growth on: (i) control soil, agricultural topsoil, (ii) oil-contaminated soil (40,000 mg kg−1 total extractable hydrocarbons, or TEH), and (iii) oil-contaminated soil treated by bioremediation (20,000 mg kg−1 TEH). Barley growth and yield was significantly reduced by oil-contamination. Bioremediation did not improve yield of barley and shoot dry mass was slightly reduced after bioremediation. The lack of effect from bioremediation is attributed to poor soil water sorption, which was negatively influenced by hydrocarbon residuals. We concluded that the soil-water relation is one of the most important factors in assessing endpoint of bioremediated soils for plant growth.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1004280626976
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Importance of soil-water relations in assessing the endpoint of bioremediated soils (1997)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 192 (1997), S. 227-236 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: bioremediation ; hydrocarbon ; hydrocarbon contamination ; soil contamination ; soil water ; soil water properties ; water repellency
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract This study was conducted to investigate water movement in hydrocarbon contaminated soils. Three soils were studied, a hydrocarbon contaminated soil, the same soil after 3 years of bioremediation, and a control soil from the same site. There was a critical soil water content around 18% (bioremediated soil) and 20% (contaminated soil), above which the sorptivity of the contaminated soil was near that of the control soil. For soils with water contents below this value, there was a strong divergence in sorptivity between contaminated and control or bioremediated soils. Results suggest that water availability in contaminated soils will be highly dependent on soil water properties as water potential approaches the permanent wilting point (-1.5 MPa matrix potential). Infiltration of water into air dry (2% m.c. w/w) hydrocarbon contaminated soils was up to three orders of magnitude slower than for the control soil. For air dried soils, the infiltration rate of the contaminated and bioremediated soils was constant with time. This was in contrast to the control soil where infiltration rate was a function of the reciprocal of the square root of time.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1004232711046
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    STRUCTURAL DYNAMIC ANALYSIS BY A TIME-DISCONTINUOUS GALERKIN FINITE ELEMENT METHOD (1996)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 39 (1996), S. 2131-2152 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: discontinuous Galerkin finite element method ; predictor-multicorrector ; adaptive time integration ; structural dynamics ; Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: This paper studies a time-discontinuous Galerkin finite element method for structural dynamic problems, by which both displacements and velocities are approximated as piecewise linear functions in the time domain and may be discontinuous at the discrete time levels. A new iterative solution algorithm which involves only one factorization for each fixed time step size and a few iterations at each step is presented for solving the resulted system of coupled equations. By using the jumps of the displacements and the velocities in the total energy norm as error indicators, an adaptive time-stepping procedure for selecting the proper time step size is described. Numerical examples including both single-DOF and multi-DOF problems are used to illustrate the performance of these algorithms. Comparisons with the exact results and/or the results by the Newmark integration scheme are given. It is shown that the time-discontinuous Galerkin finite element method discussed in this study possesses good accuracy (third order) and stability properties, its numerical implementation is not difficult, and the higher computational cost needed in each time step is compensated by use of a larger time step size.
    Additional Material: 20 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    FINITE ELEMENT METHOD FOR GRADIENT PLASTICITY AT LARGE STRAINS (1996)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 39 (1996), S. 619-633 
    Details
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Keywords: gradient plasticity ; strain localization ; mixed strain element method ; large strain ; consistent algorithm ; Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Technology
    Notes: A finite element method for gradient elasto-plastic continuum in which the yield strength of strain hardening/softening materials not only depends on the effective plastic strain but also on its Laplacian is presented. The consistent integration algorithm to update the stress and the internal state variable at integration points and the consistent compliance matrix for the gradient plasticity are formulated in the non-local sense.The methodology to derive the finite element formulation for the gradient plasticity at large strains presented in this paper is applicable to general finite element analysis; the formulation in the context of the two-dimensional four-noded mixed finite element with one integration point and mean von Mises yield criterion is particularly derived.Numerical examples are tested to demonstrate the capability and performance of the present finite element method at large strain in solving for the strain localization problem.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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