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  • Hypertension  (2)
  • Renal tubule  (2)
  • 2000-2004
  • 1975-1979  (4)
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Keywords
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Years
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of saralasin (1-Sar-8-Ala-Angiotensin II) on blood pressure in patients with cushing's syndrome (1976)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 54 (1976), S. 661-663 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Cushing-Syndrom ; Hypertonie ; Renin-Aktivität ; Aldosteronismus ; Cushing's syndrome ; Hypertension ; Renin activity ; Aldosteronism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary To investigate the role of the renin angiotensin system in the pathogenesis of hypertension in Cushing's syndrome two patients with hypercorticism were infused with 20 mg saralasin (1-sar-8-alaangiotensin II) over a period of 30 minutes under constant blood pressure control. In addition, one patient with primary aldosteronism, an established form of mineralocorticoid hypertension, served as control. Neither in the two patients with Cushing's syndrome nor in the patient with primary aldosteronism could a blood pressure lowering effect of saralasin be observed. In the two patients with hypercorticism both renin activity and plasma aldosterone increased during saralasin infusion. The patient with primary aldosteronism only showed a weak increase in plasma aldosterone concentration. These results seem to exclude an important role of the renin angiotensin system in the pathogenesis of hypertension in Cushing's syndrome. The unresponsiveness of elevated blood pressure to saralasin in the two patients with hypercorticism and in the patient with primary aldosteronism indirectly supports the assumption that in patients with Cushing's syndrome increased mineralocorticoid activity may be the main factor in the pathogenesis of hypertension.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Um die Bedeutung des Renin-Angiotensin Systems in der Pathogenese der Hypertonie bei Cushing-Syndrom zu untersuchen, wurden bei 2 Patienten mit Hyperkortizismus 20 mg Saralasin (1-Sar-8-Ala-Angiotensin II) über einen Zeitraum von 30 min unter ständiger Blutdruckkontrolle infundiert. Zusätzlich diente ein Patient mit primärem Aldosteronismus, einer etablierten Form von Mineralokortikoidhochdruck, als Kontrolle. Weder bei den 2 Patienten mit Cushing-Syndrom noch bei dem Patienten mit primärem Aldosteronismus ließ sich ein blutdrucksenkender Effekt des Saralasins nachweisen. Die beiden Patienten mit Hyperkortizismus zeigten unter Saralasin sowohl einen Anstieg der Renin-Aktivität als auch des Plasmaaldosterons. Bei dem Patienten mit primärem Aldosteronismus ließ sich nur ein geringgradiger Anstieg der Plasmaaldosteronkonzentration nachweisen. Diese Ergebnisse sprechen gegen eine wichtige Rolle des Renin-Angiotensin Systems in der Pathogenese der Hypertonie bei Cushing-Syndrom. Die Unbeeinflußbarkeit des Hochdrucks durch Saralasin bei den beiden Patienten mit Hyperkortizismus und dem Patienten mit primärem Aldosteronismus stützen indirekt die Annahme, daß bei Patienten mit Cushing-Syndrom eine erhöhte Mineralokortikoidaktivität der Hauptfaktor in der Pathogenese der Hypertonie ist.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01469145
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Renin, aldosterone and arterial pressure responses to acute β-adrenergic receptor blockade in hypertensive patients (1976)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 54 (1976), S. 775-782 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Akute β-Rezeptorenblockade ; Hypertension ; Renin ; Aldosteron ; Tag-Nacht-Rhythmus ; Acute β-receptor blockade ; Hypertension ; Renin ; Aldosterone ; Day-night rhythm
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The effect of acute (intravenous) β-adrenergic blockade with propranolol or pindolol on arterial pressure (BP), plasma renin activity (PRA), and plasma concentration of aldosterone (PA) was evaluated in 20 essential hypertensive men. BP, PRA and PA were determined during continuous recumbency overnight (8 p.m. to 6 a.m.) every 30 min. Two groups of patients were observed. Patients of group I exhibited a characteristic day-night rhythm of PRA with low values before midnight and large increases early in the morning. Conversely, no rhythm and very low PRA values were observed in patients of group II. BP was higher in group II than in group I. In group I following intravenous propranolol or pindolol, BP fell within minutes and levels as well as rhythms of PRA were converted to those of group II without treatment. In group II day-night profiles of PRA and BP remained unchanged. Rhythm and concentration of PA in the two groups were not influenced by either drug. In 4 patients of group I infusion of angiotensin II inhibitor did not lower BP. The observations suggest that in the two groups dissimilarities in rhythms of PRA as well as in BP responses to β-blockade may reflect differences in neuro-adrenergic tone.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Der Einfluß einer akuten (intravenösen) β-Rezeptorenblockade mit Propranolol oder Pindololauf den Blutdruck (RR), die Plasma-Reninaktivität (PRA) und die Plasma-Aldosteronkonzentration (PA) wurde bei 20 Männern mit essentieller Hypertension untersucht. RR, PRA und PA wurden am liegenden Patienten nachts (20.00–6.00 Uhr) alle 30 min bestimmt. Zwei Gruppen von Patienten konnten unterschieden werden: Patienten der Gruppe I wiesen einen charakteristischen Tag-Nacht-Rhythmus in der Plasma-Reninaktivität auf, mit niedrigen Werten vor Mitternacht und hohen Werten am frühen Morgen. Im Gegensatz hierzu hatten die Patienten der Gruppe II sehr niedrige PRA-Werte; ein Rhythmus für PRA ließ sich nicht nachweisen. RR war höher in der Gruppe II als in Gruppe I. Nach Infusion von Propranolol oder Pindolol kam es in der Gruppe I zu einem schnellen RR-Abfall. Das Verhalten des Tag-Nacht-Profils für PRA war nach der β-Blockade vergleichbar mit demjenigen der Gruppe II vor der β-Blockade. In der Gruppe II blieben RR und Tag-Nacht-Profil von PRA unter β-Blockade unverändert. Rhythmus und Konzentration von PA wurden in beiden Gruppen nicht beeinflußt. Bei 4 Patienten der Gruppe I führte Angiotensin II-Blockade zu keiner RR-Senkung. Die Ergebnisse sind mit der Annahme vereinbar, daß die Unterschiede im Renin-Rhythmus und im Blutdruckverhalten nach akuter β-Rezeptorenblockade durch eine unterschiedliche neuroadrenerge Aktivität der beiden Gruppen bedingt sind.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01614294
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The role of brush border enzymes in tubular reabsorption of disaccharides (1977)
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 371 (1977), S. 141-145 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Renal tubule ; Disaccharide reabsorption ; Maltase ; Brush border enzymes ; Microperfusion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Renal tubular reabsorption of maltose, sucose and lactose were studied in vivo et situ by continuous microperfusion of single proximal convolutions of rat kidney. The14C-label of maltose (2.5 mmol/l) was removed from the lumen of the proximal tubule at about the same rate as found for glucose. Maltose reabsorption was completely inhibited in presence of 30 mmol/l glucose or of 0.1 mmol/l phlorizin. Chemical analysis of the samples showed a complete conversion of maltose into glucose within a perfusion distance of 2 mm. It is concluded from these results that within the tubular lumen maltose is split very rapidly by a brush border glucosidase. The short half time of this process permits the breakdown product glucose to be almost completely reabsorbed subsequently within the proximal tubule. In contrast, sucrose and lactose were neither split nor reabsorbed by the tubule brush border.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00580782
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amino acid reabsorption in the proximal tubule of rat kidney: Stereospecificity and passive diffusion studied by continuous microperfusion (1977)
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 367 (1977), S. 221-227 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Amino acid transport ; Renal tubule ; Stereospecificity ; Passive diffusion ; Saturation kinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Renal tubular reabsorption of glycine and of thel- andd-isomers of histidine, serine, phenylalamine, methionine, proline and cystine was investigated in vivo et situ by continuous microperfusion of single proximal convolutions of the rat kidney. In the case of glycine and thel-isomers, tubular reabsorption is saturable to a great extent. Thed-amino acids are reabsorbed much more slowly than the respectivel-forms. Furthermore in the case of methionine and perhaps also of proline, serine and phenylalanine, the fractional reabsorption decreases in the presence of high concentrations of thel-form. This indicates that thed-isomers also have a measurable affinity for the reabsorption mechanisms of the renal tubule. The very poor reabsorption ofd-amino acids in the presence of theirl-isomers indicates that simple passive diffusion plays only a relatively small role in tubular amino acid reabsorption. Permeability coefficients estimated from these findings are in the range from 1–5×10−7 cm2·s−1. These values are very similar to those found for other organic molecules of comparable molecular weights.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00581358
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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