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  • 2005-2009  (5)
  • 1995-1999  (9)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Human Mast Cell Line HMC-1 Expresses C5a Receptors and Responds to C5a but not to C5a(desArg) (1996)
    Oxford, U.K. and Cambridge, USA : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 44 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The expression of the receptor for the anaphylatoxin C5a (C5aR, CD88) on the human mast cell line HMC-1 was studied with four anti-C5aR monoclonal antibodies directed to the N-terminal domain of the receptor. All antibodies bound to the human mast cell line HMC-1. The binding could be blocked by recombinant C5a and by peptide EX-1 representing amino residues 1–31 on the N-terminal domain of the C5aR. In addition, FITC-labelled C5a bound to HMC-1, and this binding could be blocked by unlabelled C5a or C5aR antibodies. C5aR-specific mRNA was detected in HMC-1 cells by RT-PCR which confirmed the expression of the C5aR gene made by these cells. Lymphocyte-conditioned medium, interferon-γ or phorbol esters which have been shown to induce a down-regulation of C5aR on myeloid cells did not influence the expression of C5aR on HMC-1. C5a let to a transient mobilization of intracellular calcium in HMC-1 which could be inhibited by pre incubation of C5a with a C5a-specific antibody. In contrast to findings with granulocytes, HMC-1 did not respond to C5a(desArg), confirming previous findings with human skin mast cells. The findings show that (i) although HMC-1 differ from granulocytes in their responsiveness to C5a(desArg), they express similar C5aR and (ii) HMC-1 resemble skin mast cells in the expression and function of C5aR and may therefore serve as a model in future studies addressing the biology of this anaphylatoxin receptor on skin mast cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3083.1996.d01-272.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tacalcitol ointment in the treatment of psoriasis vulgaris:a multicentre, placebo-controlled, double-blind study on efficacy and safety (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 135 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Tacalcitol is a vitamin D analogue which has been developed for the therapy of psoriasis vulgaris. The treatment with a twice daily application of 2μg/g ointment is efficacious and safe in Japanese patients. The objective of this randomized, placebo-controlled, intraindividual right-left comparison was to investigate the efficacy and safety of 8 weeks' therapy with a once daily application of a 4 μg/g tacalcitol ointment in Caucasian psoriatics.The data on 122 male and female patients were analysed. The score sum of erythema, infiltration and desquamation was influenced significantly more by tacalcitol ointment than by placebo (P〈0.0001) at every control point, starting from week 2. With regard to the individual symptoms of desquamation, infiltration and erythema, the treatment with tacalcitol was also superior to placebo treatment beginning at week 2. Qualitatively, the same results were obtained with the preference assessment of both treated body sides and also the global assessments of efficacy and benefit. Symptoms of local skin irritation which may be related to the active compound or the ointment base were reported by 12·3% of patients. In only one patient, irritation required discontinuation of tacalcitol treatment. Laboratory criteria, including serum calcium, serum phosphate and serum levels of calcitonin, parathormone, 1α,24-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and 25- hydroxyvitamin D3 did not reveal any changes of clinical relevance during or after treatment. Furthermore, the global assessment of tolerance was good or very good in more than 90% of cases. The results of this study demonstrate that the once daily application of a 4 μg/g tacalcitol ointment is an efficacious therapy for psoriasis vulgaris in Caucasian patients, and that its tolerance is good, wherever the lesion is located, including on the face.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.1996.d01-1075.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The role of circulating food antigen-specific lymphocytes in food allergic children with atopic dermatitis (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 135 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: In this study we evaluated antigen-specific in vitro responses of peripheral blood lymphocytes to lipopoiysaccharide (LPS)-depleted food allergens in children who reacted to food challenge (cow's milk or hen's egg) with a deterioration of their atopic dermatitis (AD). Some ofthe children showed immediate symptoms (urticaria, bronchial asthma or gastrointestinal symptoms) as well. The proliferation of casein-stimulated lymphocytes from children reacting to cow's milk (age (0.7–5.9 years) was significantly higher (P〈0.01) than the proliferation of lymphocytes from 15 children with AD without milk allergy (age: 2.1–9.1 years). Twenty-eight T-cell clones (TCC) were established from the blood of three children sensitized to cow's milk and hen's egg who reacted to double-blind, placebo-controlled oral food challenge both with a deterioration of AD and wilh immediate symptoms. Surprisingly, 16 of 28 casein- or ovalhumin-specific TCC were CD8+. All TCC produced high amounts of IFN-γ upon stimulation with concanavalin A. In addition. 75%. of the CD4+ TCC and 44% of the CD8+ TCC secreted IL-4. Our results indicate that: (i) food-specific proliferation of blood lymphocytes can be detected in patients with clinically relevant food allergy with LPS-depleted allergens in vitro and (ii) circulating food-specific lymphocytes are CD4+ and CD8+ T cells with the capacity of producing both type 1 and type 2 cytokines.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.1996.d01-1098.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Deficiency in immunoglobulin G2 antibodies against staphylococcal enterotoxin C1 defines a subgroup of patients with atopic dermatitis (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 35 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background and aim Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common chronic inflammatory skin disease often accompanied by cutaneous Staphylococcus aureus colonization and, in this regard, especially complicated by the presence of superantigen-producing strains. Because IgG antibodies comprise an important defence mechanism of the adaptive immune system against bacteria, it was investigated whether AD patients have an abnormal pattern or distribution of superantigen-specific IgG subclass antibodies in association with disease severity and activity.Methods Staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) and staphylococcal enterotoxin C1 (SEC1) specific IgG antibody subclasses were assessed in n=89 adult AD patients with mild to severe disease activity as determined by the SCORAD score and in n=28 healthy age-matched controls. Results were correlated with the current status of bacterial skin colonization and severity score.Results Thirty-eight per cent of the AD patients showed a selective deficiency in IgG2 antibodies against SEC1 compared with only 14% in the control group. The absence of these antibodies was found in both currently colonized and non-colonized AD patients and was associated with a severe phenotype (SCORAD more than 40 points in two-thirds of the deficient patients). However, these patients had normal production levels of IgG2 antibodies against pneumococcal capsular polysaccharide (PCP) and SEB, but higher IgG1 and IgG4 titres against SEC1. Except for elevated total IgG1, total IgG subclass levels were normal in this AD subgroup. Yet, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) derived from these patients clearly produced IL-4 and IL-5 upon SEC1 re-stimulation whereas PBMCs from those providing SEC1-specific IgG2 antibodies failed in the production of these cytokines.Conclusion A subgroup of AD patients suffers from a selective deficiency to produce anti-SEC1 IgG2 antibodies. This patient group is characterized by a severe AD phenotype.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.2005.02192.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Alpha-toxin is produced by skin colonizing Staphylococcus aureus and induces a T helper type 1 response in atopic dermatitis (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 35 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background Staphylococcus aureus is a well known trigger factor of atopic dermatitis (AD). Besides the superantigens, further exotoxins are produced by S. aureus and may have an influence on the eczema.Objective To explore the impact of staphylococcal α-toxin on human T cells, as those represent the majority of skin infiltrating cells in AD.Methods Adult patients with AD were screened for cutaneous colonization with α-toxin producing S. aureus. As α-toxin may induce necrosis, CD4+ T cells were incubated with sublytic α-toxin concentrations. Proliferation and up-regulation of IFN-γ on the mRNA and the protein level were assessed. The induction of t-bet translocation in CD4+ T cells was detected with the Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay.Results Thirty-four percent of the patients were colonized with α-toxin producing S. aureus and α-toxin was detected in lesional skin of these patients by immunohistochemistry. Sublytic α-toxin concentrations induced a marked proliferation of isolated CD4+ T cells. Microarray analysis indicated that α-toxin induced particularly high amounts of IFN-γ transcripts. Up-regulation of IFN-γ was confirmed both on the mRNA and the protein level. Stimulation of CD4+ T cells with α-toxin resulted in DNA binding of t-bet, known as a key transcription factor involved into primary T helper type 1 (Th1) commitment.Conclusion α-toxin is produced by S. aureus isolated from patients with AD. We show here for the first time that sublytic α-toxin concentrations activate T cells in the absence of antigen-presenting cells. Our results indicate that α-toxin is relevant for the induction of a Th1 like cytokine response. In AD, this facilitates the development of Th1 cell dominated chronic eczema.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.2005.02295.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Detection of a κ-casein-specific lymphocyte response in milk-responsive atopic dermatitis (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 26 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background Bovine casein leads to an expansion of lymphocytes expressing the cutaneous lymphocyte antigen and to specific lymphocyte proliferation in a subgroup of patients with milk-responsive atopic dermatitis (AD). The casein fraction is composed of different proteins with defined and completely different sequences.Objective To define the stimulatory capacity of the major casein protein (α and k) in lymphocyte proliferation assays with cells from milk-allergic and non-allergic individuals.Methods Proliferative responses of peripheral blood mononuclear cells to lipopolysaccharide-depleted casein subfractions were measured by thymidine incorporation. Lymphocytes from milk-responsive patients with AD were compared with cells from non-responsive patients with AD and to non-atopic individuals, Atopic individuals with immediate symptoms following consumption of cow's milk were included as positive controls. Casein-specific T-cell clones (TCC) from four patients with milk-responsive AD were restimulated with unfractioned casein and K-casein.Results Higher proliferative responses to unfractionated casein and α-,β and casein were observed in milk-responsive patients compared with non-responders. Unfractionated casein and K-casein discriminated best between the milk-responsive patients with AD and non-responders. Twenty-five of 31 TCC from patients with milkresponsive AD reacted to the mixed casein preparation and K-casein.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1996.tb00539.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Anti-IL-5 recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody (Mepolizumab) for the treatment of atopic dermatitis (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Allergy 60 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background:  Eosinophils may play an important role in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis (AD). Interleukin-5 is essential for eosinophil growth, differentiation and migration. A monoclonal antibody to human interleukin-5 (mepolizumab) was developed for atopic diseases. This study was designed to study the effect of mepolizumab in AD.Methods:  Two single doses of 750 mg mepolizumab, given 1 week apart, were studied in patients with moderate to severe AD using a randomized, placebo-controlled parallel group design. The primary endpoint of ‘success’ to treatment was defined as the percentage of patients with at least ‘marked improvement’ after 2 weeks as assessed by the Physician's Global Assessment of Improvement (PGA). Furthermore, SCORing AD (SCORAD), pruritus scoring, number of blood eosinophils and serum thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC) values served as secondary endpoints. Fluticason propionate cream 0.05%, once daily could be used as rescue medication from day 16 if no improvement was recorded.Results:  Eighteen patients received mepolizumab and 22 placebo treatment. Peripheral blood eosinophil numbers were significantly reduced in the treatment group compared with placebo (P 〈 0.05). No clinical success was reached by PGA assessment (P = 0.115), SCORAD (P = 0.293), pruritus scoring and TARC values in the mepolizumab-treated group compared with placebo. However, modest improvement (〈50% improvement) assessed by PGA was scored significantly more in the mepolizumab-treated group compared with placebo (P 〈 0.05).Conclusion:  Two single doses of 750 mg mepolizumab did not result in clinical success in patients with AD, despite a significant decrease in peripheral blood eosinophils.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.2005.00791.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rapid expression of the CD69 antigen on T cells and natural killer cells upon antigenic stimulation of peripheral blood mononuclear cell suspensions (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 52 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The CD69 antigen has been identified as the earliest activation marker on the surface of cytokine- or mitogen-activated lymphocytes. The expression of this molecule may be a useful early marker of antigen- or allergen-specific activation of lymphocytes in vitro. We evaluated the expression of the CD69 and CD25 antigens on antigen- or allergen-stimulated lymphocytes and the proliferative responses as detected by thymidine incorporation. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of allergic patients sensitized to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, bovine casein, or nickel sulfate were cultured in the absence or presence of clinically relevant allergens, tetanus toxoid, or recombinant interleukin (IL)-2. The respective binding of CD69 or CD25 antibodies to PBMC and thymidine incorporation were measured. An early expression of CD69, but not of CD25, antigen was detectable after 24-72 h of stimulation on up to 80% of natural killer (NK) cells and up to 10% of CD4+ T cells in PBMC cultures. Anti-IL-2 antibodies inhibited these increases of CD69 on NK cells and T cells by up to 60%. After 6 days of antigenic stimulation, the rates of both CD25+ and CD69+ lymphocytes were higher. Seventy-four percent of the CD25+ PBMC but only 55% of the CD69+ cells were CD3+ T lymphocytes at this time. No qualitative differences were detectable in allergen- or tetanus-toxoid-stimulated PBMC from allergic patients. The high expression of CD69 on NK cells in antigen-stimulated cultures suggests that these cells are easily activated by cytokines from antigen-stimulated T cells. CD69+ NK cells may serve as early-indicator cells in cultures with antigen- or allergen-stimulated mononuclear cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1997.tb01031.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Successful treatment with oral isotretinoin of acneiform skin lesions associated with cetuximab therapy (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 153 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2005.06835.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Therapy of noninfectious granulomatous skin diseases with fumaric acid esters (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 152 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background  Noninfectious granulomatous skin diseases are inflammatory disorders of unknown aetiology which are often recalcitrant to common anti-inflammatory treatment regimens. Recently, in several case reports, fumaric acid esters (FAE) have proved beneficial in granulomatous skin diseases, but studies on a larger collection of consecutive patients have not yet been performed.Objectives  To investigate the therapeutic efficacy of FAE for the treatment of granulomatous skin diseases.Patients and methods  The therapeutic efficacy and side-effects of FAE were analysed retrospectively in 32 patients with disseminated granuloma annulare (n = 13), annular elastolytic giant cell granuloma (n = 3), sarcoidosis (n = 11), necrobiosis lipoidica (n = 4), or granulomatous cheilitis (n = 1).Results  Three patients discontinued treatment within 4 weeks because of side-effects. Of the remaining 29 patients, 18 patients responded to treatment with FAE. Marked improvement or complete clearance was seen in seven patients. We observed a slight to moderate improvement in 11 patients, and 11 patients did not respond. In patients showing a complete remission, the maximum effect was observed after 8·5 months (SD ±6 months, range 3–20 months). In two patients with systemic sarcoidosis, the pulmonary changes improved in parallel with the skin. Side-effects were usually mild and resolved spontaneously upon dose reduction or discontinuation of the therapy.Conclusions  The data presented here indicate that FAE may be considered for the treatment of recalcitrant granulomatous skin disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2005.06585.x
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