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  • 2010-2014  (20)
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  • 11
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    Benthic foraminiferal biofacies and stable isotopic record of St. Stephens Quarry, Alabama (2011)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Miller, Kenneth G; Browning, James V; Aubry, Marie-Pierre; Wade, Bridget S; Katz, Miriam E; Kulpecz, Andrew A; Wright, James D (2008): Eocene-Oligocene global climate and sea-level changes: St. Stephens Quarry, Alabama. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 120(1/2), 34-53, https://doi.org/10.1130/B26105.1
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-25
    Description: We integrate upper Eocene-lower Oligocene lithostratigraphic, magnetostratigraphic, biostratigraphic, stable isotopic, benthic foraminiferal faunal, downhole log, and sequence stratigraphic studies from the Alabama St. Stephens Quarry (SSQ) core hole, linking global ice volume, sea level, and temperature changes through the greenhouse to icehouse transition of the Cenozoic. We show that the SSQ succession is dissected by hiatuses associated with sequence boundaries. Three previously reported sequence boundaries are well dated here: North Twistwood Creek-Cocoa (35.4-35.9 Ma), Mint Spring-Red Bluff (33.0 Ma), and Bucatunna-Chickasawhay (the mid-Oligocene fall, ca. 30.2 Ma). In addition, we document three previously undetected or controversial sequences: mid-Pachuta (33.9-35.0 Ma), Shubuta-Bumpnose (lowermost Oligocene, ca. 33.6 Ma), and Byram-Glendon (30.5-31.7 Ma). An ~0.9 per mil d18O increase in the SSQ core hole is correlated to the global earliest Oligocene (Oi1) event using magnetobiostratigraphy; this increase is associated with the Shubuta-Bumpnose contact, an erosional surface, and a biofacies shift in the core hole, providing a first-order correlation between ice growth and a sequence boundary that indicates a sea-level fall. The d18O increase is associated with a eustatic fall of ~55 m, indicating that ~0.4 per mil of the increase at Oi1 time was due to temperature. Maximum d18O values of Oi1 occur above the sequence boundary, requiring that deposition resumed during the lowest eustatic lowstand. A precursor d18O increase of 0.5 per mil (33.8 Ma, midchron C13r) at SSQ correlates with a 0.5 per mil increase in the deep Pacific Ocean; the lack of evidence for a sea-level change with the precursor suggests that this was primarily a cooling event, not an ice-volume event. Eocene-Oligocene shelf water temperatures of ~17-19 °C at SSQ are similar to modern values for 100 m water depth in this region. Our study establishes the relationships among ice volume, d18O, and sequences: a latest Eocene cooling event was followed by an earliest Oligocene ice volume and cooling event that lowered sea level and formed a sequence boundary during the early stages of eustatic fall.
    Keywords: Alabama, Alabama, U.S.A., North America; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; SSQ; St-Stephens-Quarry
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 12
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    Stable isotope and Mg/Ca ratios of Paleogene benthic foraminifera in the western North Atlantic (2011)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Katz, Miriam E; Cramer, Benjamin S; Toggweiler, J Robbie; Esmay, Gar; Liu, Chengji; Miller, Kenneth G; Rosenthal, Yair; Wade, Bridget S; Wright, James D (2011): Impact of Antarctic Circumpolar Current development on late Paleogene ocean structure. Science, 332(6033), 1076-7079, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1202122
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-25
    Description: Global cooling and the development of continental-scale Antarctic glaciation occurred in the late middle Eocene to early Oligocene (~38 to 28 million years ago), accompanied by deep-ocean reorganization attributed to gradual Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) development. Our benthic foraminiferal stable isotope comparisons show that a large d13C offset developed between mid-depth (~600 meters) and deep (〉1000 meters) western North Atlantic waters in the early Oligocene, indicating the development of intermediate-depth d13C and O2 minima closely linked in the modern ocean to northward incursion of Antarctic Intermediate Water. At the same time, the ocean's coldest waters became restricted to south of the ACC, probably forming a bottom-ocean layer, as in the modern ocean. We show that the modern four-layer ocean structure (surface, intermediate, deep, and bottom waters) developed during the early Oligocene as a consequence of the ACC.
    Keywords: 171-1053; 171-1053A; ASP-5; Carolina Slope, North Atlantic Ocean; COMPCORE; Composite Core; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; Joides Resolution; Leg171B; North Atlantic; Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 4 datasets
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 13
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    Radiolarian chronology and fauna across the middle/late Eocene boundary at ODP Hole 171-1052A (2012)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Kamikuri, Shin-Ichi; Wade, Bridget S (2012): Radiolarian magnetobiochronology and faunal turnover across the middle/late Eocene boundary at Ocean Drilling Program Site 1052 in the western North Atlantic Ocean. Marine Micropaleontology, 88-89, 41-53, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marmicro.2012.03.001
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-25
    Description: Quantitative radiolarian assemblage analysis has been conducted on middle and upper Eocene sediments (Zones RP16 to RP18) from Ocean Drilling Program Site 1052 in order to establish the radiolarian magnetobiochronology and determine the nature of the faunal turnover across the middle/late Eocene boundary in the western North Atlantic Ocean. We recognize and calibrate forty-five radiolarian bioevents to the magneto- and cyclo-stratigraphy from Site 1052 to enhance the biochronologic resolution for the middle and late Eocene. Our data is compared to sites in the equatorial Pacific (Leg 199) to access the diachrony of biostratigraphic events. Eleven bioevents are good biostratigraphic markers for tropical/subtropical locations (south of 30°N). The primary markers (lowest occurrences of Cryptocarpium azyx and Calocyclas bandyca) which are tropical zonal boundary markers for Zones RP17 and RP18 provide robust biohorizons for correlation and age determination from the low to middle latitudes and between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. Some other radiolarian bioevents are highly diachronous (〈1 million years) between oceanic basins. A significant faunal turnover of radiolarians is recognized within Chron C17n.3n (37.7 Ma) where 13 radiolarian species disappear rapidly in less than 100 kyr and 4 new species originate. The radiolarian faunal turnover coincides with a major extinction in planktonic foraminifera. We name the turnover phase, the Middle/Late Eocene Turnover (MLET). Assemblage analysis reveals the MLET to be associated with a decrease in low-mid latitude taxa and increase in cosmopolitan taxa and radiolarian accumulation rates. The MLET might be related to increased biological productivity rather than to surface-water cooling.
    Keywords: 171-1052A; Blake Nose, North Atlantic Ocean; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; Joides Resolution; Leg171B; Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 14
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    (Appendix) Radiolarian abundances in ODP Hole 171-1052A (2012)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-25
    Keywords: 171-1052A; Accumulation rate, radiolarians by number; Actinomma spp.; AGE; Amphipternis sp.; Amphymenium amphistylium; Anthocyrtidium adiaphorum; Anthocyrtis collaris; Anthocyrtis mespilus; Anthocyrtoma serrulata group; Anthocyrtoma ventricosa group; Artophormis barbadensis; Artophormis dominasinensis; Bathropyramis spp.; Blake Nose, North Atlantic Ocean; Botryocella pauciperforata; Botryostrobus hollisi; Buryella aff. clinata; Buryella tetradica; Calocyclas aphradia; Calocyclas bandyca; Calocyclas hispida; Calocyclas sp.; Calocyclas spp.; Calocyclas turris; Calocycloma ampulla; Cenosphaera oceanica; Cenosphaera sp.; Cenosphaera spp.; Clathrolychnus sp.; Cornutella spp.; Counting 〉63 µm fraction; Cryptocarpium azyx; Cryptocarpium cf. ornatum; Cryptocarpium cylindricum; Cryptocarpium ornatum; Cryptocarpium sp.; Cryptocarpium spp.; Cycladophora spatiosa group; Cycladophora spp.; Dendrospyris acuta; Dendrospyris didiceros group; Dendrospyris fragoides; Dendrospyris pannosa; Dendrospyris spp.; Depth, composite; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Dictyocephalus obtusa; Dictyophimus sp.; Dictyophimus spp.; Dictyopodium eurylophus; Dictyoprora armadillo; Dictyoprora gibsoni; Dictyoprora mongolfieri; Dictyoprora pirum; Dictyoprora sp.; Dictyoprora spp.; Dictyospyris gigas; Dictyospyris sp.; Dictyospyris spp.; Dictyospyris tristoma; Dorcadospyris argisca; Dorcadospyris carinata; Dorcadospyris conflues; Dorcadospyris costatescens; Dorcadospyris diaboliscus; Dorcadospyris spp.; Dorcadospyris transitionalis; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; DSDP/ODP/IODP sample designation; Eucoronis hertwigii group; Eucyrtidim spp.; Eucyrtidium hillaby group; Eucyrtidium sp.; Eucyrtidium ventriosum; Eusyringium fistuligerum; Evenness of species; Excentrodiscus aff. oculatus; Excentrodiscus sp.; Excentrodiscus spp.; Excentrosphaerella spp.; Gorgospyris quinqueramas; Heliodiscus hexastericus; Hexacontium microprora; Hexacontium sp.; Hexacontium spp.; Intercore correlation; Joides Resolution; Larcopyle compositus; Larcopyle hayesi hayesi; Leg171B; Lipmanella sp.; Liriospyris sp.; Liriospyris spinulosa; Lithelius hexaxyphophorus; Lithelius spp.; Lithocyclia aff. stella; Lithocyclia aristotelis group; Lithocyclia ocellus; Lithocyclis spp.; Lithomelissa aff. ehrenbergi; Lithomelissa lautouri; Lithomelissa sp.; Lithomelissa spp.; Lithomitra docilis; Lithopera sp.; Lophocyrtis aspera; Lophocyrtis jacchia; Lophocyrtis spp.; Lophophaena radians; Lophophaena spp.; Lychnocanium alma; Lychnocanium continuum; Lychnocanium waiareka; Lychnocanoma amphitrite; Lychnocanoma babylonis group; Lychnocanoma bellum; Lychnocanoma lucerna; Lychnocanoma sp.; Lychnocanoma tridentatum; Lychnocanoma tripodium; Lychnocanoma turgidum; Ocean Drilling Program; ODP; Periphaena heliasteriscus; Periphaena spp.; Periphaena tripyramis tripyramis; Phormocyrtis embolum; Phormocyrtis striata striata; Phormospyris tricostata; Phorticium pylonium; Phorticium spp.; Plectodiscus runanganus; Podocyrtis aff. diamesa; Podocyrtis chalara; Podocyrtis diamesa; Podocyrtis goetheana; Podocyrtis papalis; Podocyrtis spp.; Podocyrtis trachodes; Porodiscus parvus; Prunopyle spp.; Pterocodon campana; Pterocodon cf. tenellus; Pterocyrtidium zitteli; Radiolarians; Radiolarians, assemblage; Radiolarians, deep water; Rhopalocanium ornatum; Rhopalodictyum californicum; Sample code/label; Sethocyrtis chrysallis; Sethostylus dentatus; Shannon Diversity Index; Species richness; Spongodiscus nitidus; Spongodiscus pulcher; Spongodiscus spp.; Spongopyle spiralis; Spongotrochus rhabdostylus; Spongurus bilobatus; Spyral rads; Stephanastrum rhombus; Stephanastrum spp.; Stichopilidium sphinx; Stichopodium gracile; Stylatractus neptunus; Stylatractus santaaenae; Stylatractus spp.; Stylodictya echinastrum; Stylodictya inaequalispina; Stylodictya minima; Stylodictya splendens; Stylodictya tainemplekta; Stylodictya targaeformis; Stylodiscus endostylus; Stylosphaera laevis; Stylosphaera spp.; Stylosphaera sulcata; Stylotrochus quadribrachiatus multibrachiatus; Suttonium anomalum; Thecosphaerella rotunda; Thecosphaerella sp.; Thecosphaerella spp.; Theocorys anapographa; Theocorys perforalvus; Theocorys puriri; Theocorys sp.; Theocorys spongoconus; Theocorys spp.; Theocotyle robusta; Theocotylissa alpha; Theocotylissa ficus; Thrysocyrtis spp.; Thyrsocyrtis bromia; Thyrsocyrtis krooni; Thyrsocyrtis lochites; Thyrsocyrtis lyaea; Thyrsocyrtis norrisi; Thyrsocyrtis rhizodon; Thyrsocyrtis sp.; Thyrsocyrtis spp.; Thyrsocyrtis tetracantha; Thyrsocyrtis triacantha; Tripospyris eucolpos; Tristylospyris triceros; Valkyria pukapuka; Zygocircus buetschlii; Zygocircus cf. cimelium; Zygocircus spp.
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 17341 data points
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  • 15
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    Microfossil, stable isotope, and facies of a near-continuous core from the Gippsland Basin (2013)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Gallagher, Stephen John; Villa, Giuliana; Drysdale, Russell N; Wade, Bridget S; Scher, Howie D; Li, Qianyu; Wallace, Malcolm W; Holdgate, Guy R (2013): A near-field sea level record of East Antarctic Ice Sheet instability from 32 to 27 Myr. Paleoceanography, 28(1), 1-13, https://doi.org/10.1029/2012PA002326
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-25
    Description: Fossil, facies, and isotope analyses of an early high-paleolatitude (55°S) section suggests a highly unstable East Antarctic Ice Sheet from 32 to 27 Myr. The waxing and waning of this ice sheet from 140% to 40% of its present volume caused sea level changes of ±25 m (ranging from -30 to +50 m) related to periodic glacial (100,000 to 200,000 years) and shorter interglacial events. The near-field Gippsland sea level (GSL) curve shares many similarities to the far-field New Jersey sea level (NJSL) estimates. However, there are possible resolution errors due to biochronology, taphonomy, and paleodepth estimates and the relative lack of lowstand deposits (in NJSL) that prevent detailed correlations with GSL. Nevertheless, the lateral variations in sea level between the GSL section and NJSL record that suggest ocean siphoning and antisiphoning may have propagated synchronous yet variable sea levels.
    Keywords: Australia; Groper-1; Sampling Well; WELL
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 4 datasets
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 16
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    (Table S4) Age models of sediment core ASP-5 and ODP Site 171-1053 (2011)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-25
    Keywords: 171-1053; Age, biostratigraphy; Age model; Age model, Berggren et al (1995) BKSA95; Age model, optional; Ageprofile Datum Description; ASP-5; Carolina Slope, North Atlantic Ocean; COMPCORE; Composite Core; DEPTH, sediment/rock; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; Event label; Joides Resolution; Leg171B; North Atlantic; Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 65 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 17
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    (Table 1) Biostratigraphic datum levels at ODP Hole 171-1052A compared with equatorial Pacific events (2012)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-25
    Keywords: 171-1052A; Age, maximum/old; Age, minimum/young; Age model; Age model, optional; Ageprofile Datum Description; Blake Nose, North Atlantic Ocean; Depth, composite bottom; Depth, composite top; DEPTH, sediment/rock; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; DSDP/ODP/IODP sample designation; Joides Resolution; Leg171B; Number; Ocean Drilling Program; ODP; Radiolarian zone; Sample code/label; Sample code/label 2
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 757 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 18
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    Carbonate compensation depth (CCD) reconstruction of the equatorial Pacific (2012)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Pälike, Heiko; Lyle, Mitchell W; Nishi, Hiroshi; Raffi, Isabella; Ridgwell, Andy; Gamage, Kusali; Klaus, Adam; Acton, Gary D; Anderson, Louise; Backman, Jan; Baldauf, Jack G; Beltran, Catherine; Bohaty, Steven M; Bown, Paul R; Busch, William H; Channell, James E T; Chun, Cecily O J; Delaney, Margaret Lois; Dewang, Pawan; Dunkley Jones, Tom; Edgar, Kirsty M; Evans, Helen F; Fitch, Peter; Foster, Gavin L; Gussone, Nikolaus; Hasegawa, Hitoshi; Hathorne, Ed C; Hayashi, Hiroki; Herrle, Jens O; Holbourn, Ann E; Hovan, Steven A; Hyeong, Kiseong; Iijima, Koichi; Ito, Takashi; Kamikuri, Shin-Ichi; Kimoto, Katsunori; Kuroda, Junichiro; Leon-Rodriguez, Lizette; Malinverno, Alberto; Moore, Theodore C; Murphy, Brandon; Murphy, Daniel P; Nakamur, Hideto; Ogane, Kaoru; Ohneiser, Christian; Richter, Carl; Robinson, Rebecca S; Rohling, Eelco J; Romero, Oscar E; Sawada, Ken; Scher, Howie D; Schneider, Leah; Sluijs, Appy; Takata, Hiroyuki; Tian, Jun; Tsujimoto, Akira; Wade, Bridget S; Westerhold, Thomas; Wilkens, Roy H; Williams, Trevor J; Wilson, Paul A; Yamamoto, Yuhji; Yamamoto, Shinya; Yamazaki, Toshitsugu; Zeebe, Richard E (2012): A Cenozoic record of the equatorial Pacific carbonate compensation depth. Nature, 488, 609-614, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature11360
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-06
    Description: Atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations and climate are regulated on geological timescales by the balance between carbon input from volcanic and metamorphic outgassing and its removal by weathering feedbacks; these feedbacks involve the erosion of silicate rocks and organic-carbon-bearing rocks. The integrated effect of these processes is reflected in the calcium carbonate compensation depth, which is the oceanic depth at which calcium carbonate is dissolved. Here we present a carbonate accumulation record that covers the past 53 million years from a depth transect in the equatorial Pacific Ocean. The carbonate compensation depth tracks long-term ocean cooling, deepening from 3.0-3.5 kilometres during the early Cenozoic (approximately 55 million years ago) to 4.6 kilometres at present, consistent with an overall Cenozoic increase in weathering. We find large superimposed fluctuations in carbonate compensation depth during the middle and late Eocene. Using Earth system models, we identify changes in weathering and the mode of organic-carbon delivery as two key processes to explain these large-scale Eocene fluctuations of the carbonate compensation depth.
    Keywords: Center for Marine Environmental Sciences; Deep Sea Drilling Project; DSDP; Integrated Ocean Drilling Program / International Ocean Discovery Program; IODP; MARUM; Ocean Drilling Program; ODP
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
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  • 19
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    A Cenozoic record of the equatorial Pacific carbonate compensation depth (2012)
    Nature Publishing Group
    In:  Nature, 488 (7413). pp. 609-614.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-03-01
    Description: Atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations and climate are regulated on geological timescales by the balance between carbon input from volcanic and metamorphic outgassing and its removal by weathering feedbacks; these feedbacks involve the erosion of silicate rocks and organic-carbon-bearing rocks. The integrated effect of these processes is reflected in the calcium carbonate compensation depth, which is the oceanic depth at which calcium carbonate is dissolved. Here we present a carbonate accumulation record that covers the past 53 million years from a depth transect in the equatorial Pacific Ocean. The carbonate compensation depth tracks long-term ocean cooling, deepening from 3.0-3.5 kilometres during the early Cenozoic (approximately 55 million years ago) to 4.6 kilometres at present, consistent with an overall Cenozoic increase in weathering. We find large superimposed fluctuations in carbonate compensation depth during the middle and late Eocene. Using Earth system models, we identify changes in weathering and the mode of organic-carbon delivery as two key processes to explain these large-scale Eocene fluctuations of the carbonate compensation depth.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    Format: text
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1038/nature11360
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 20
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    Multiproxy record of abrupt sea-surface cooling across the Eocene-Oligocene transition in the Gulf of Mexico (2012)
    Geological Society of America (GSA)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-02-01
    Description: The Eocene-Oligocene transition (EOT; ca. 33–34 Ma) was a time of pronounced climatic change, marked by the establishment of continental-scale Antarctic ice sheets. The timing and extent of temperature change associated with the EOT is controversial. Here we present multiproxy EOT climate records (~15–34 k.y. resolution) from St. Stephens Quarry, Alabama, USA, derived from foraminiferal Mg/Ca, d18O, and TEX86. We constrain sea-surface temperatures (SSTs) in the latest Eocene and early Oligocene and address the issue of climatic cooling during the EOT. Paleotemperatures derived from planktic foraminifera Mg/Ca and TEX86 are remarkably consistent and indicate late Eocene subtropical SSTs of 〉28 °C. There was substantial and accelerated cooling of SSTs (3–4 °C) through the latest Eocene “precursor” d18O shift (EOT-1), prior to Oligocene Isotope-1 (Oi-1). Our multispecies planktic foraminiferal d18O records diverge at the E/O boundary (33.7 Ma), signifying enhanced seasonality in the earliest Oligocene in the Gulf of Mexico.
    Print ISSN: 0091-7613
    Electronic ISSN: 1943-2682
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Geological Society of America (GSA)
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