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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Isotopic dating of the mylonitization of the Azuaga Group in the Badajóz-Córdoba belt, SW Spain (1988)
    Springer
    International journal of earth sciences 77 (1988), S. 483-489 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-3262
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract On the basis of Rb-Sr muscovite dating an age of about 355 Ma (Late Tournaisian/Early Visean) is assigned to the M1 metamorphism and associated mylonitization of the ultramylonites of the Las Grullas Formation in the Azuaga Group, Badajóz-Córdoba belt. This age may possibly be related to the accretion process (suturing of the Ossa-Morena Zone to the Central Iberian Zone) thought to be responsible for the metamorphism and mylonitization. Muscovite from the Valencia de Las Torres Formation displays a somewhat lower Rb-Sr age of about 337 Ma. The corresponding K-Ar ages indicate that after the termination of the metamorphism it took some 20 Ma before the rocks had cooled below the closure temperature of muscovite to K-Ar. Whole-rock Rb-Sr data indicate that the Las Grullas ultramylonites were probably derived from Ordovician granitoids.
    Abstract: Resumen Dataciones Rb-Sr en moscovitas de alrededor de 355 Ma (Tournaisiense tardío a Viseense) se asignan al metamorfismo M1 y se asocian a la milonitización de ultramilonitas de la Formación Las Grullas en el Grupo de Azuaga, Eje Badajóz-Córdoba. Esta edad podría posiblemente datar el proceso de acreción (sutura de la Zona de Ossa-Morena a la Zona Centro-Ibérica) interpretado como responsable del metamorfismo y milonitización. Moscovita de la Formación Valencia de Las Torres indice una edad Rb-Sr un poco más bajo de cerca de 337 Ma. Las correspondientes edades K-Ar indican que después de la terminación del metamorfismo, se tardó cerca de 20 Ma antes que las rocas se enfriaran por debajo de la temperatura de cierre de la moscovita para K-Ar. Datos Rb-Sr de roca total indican que las ultramilonitas de Las Grullas posiblemente se deriven de granitoides ordovicicos.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Aufgrund von Rb-Sr-Datierungen in Muskoviten ist für die M1Metamorphose und die damit verbundene Mylonitisierung der Ultramylonite der Las Grullas-Formation in der Azuaga-Gruppe, Badajóz-Córdoba-Gürtel, ein Alter von ca. 355 Ma (Spätes Tournais/Frühes Visé) festgestellt worden. Dieses Alter könnte mit dem Akkretionsproze\ (Sutur der Ossa-Morena-Zone zur Zentral-Iberischen-Zone) verbunden sein, der für Metamorphose und Mylonitisierung verantwortlich gemacht wird. Muskovit der Valencia de Las Torres-Formation spiegelt ein etwas geringeres Rb-Sr-Alter von ca. 337 Ma wieder. Die entsprechenden K-Ar-Alter zeigen, da\ es nach dem Ende der Metamorphose einige 20 Ma gedauert hat, bis die Gesteine unter die Schlie\ungstemperatur des Muskovits für K-Ar abgekühlt waren. Rb-Sr-Daten von Gesamtgesteinsproben zeigen, da\ die Las Grullas-Ultramylonite wahrscheinlich aus ordovizischen Granitoiden entstanden sind.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01832393
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rb-Sr evidence for the presence of Ordovician gsranites in the deformed basement of the Badajoz-Córdoba belt, SW Spain (1985)
    Springer
    International journal of earth sciences 74 (1985), S. 379-384 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-3262
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract A Rb-Sr whole-rock investigation of suites of samples from two orthogneiss bodies in the Almendralejo area of the Oporto-Portalegre-Badajoz-Córdoba belt points to an Ordovician age for the granitic magmatism: about 470 Ma for the Almendralejo Gneiss (peralkaline metagranite) and about 425 Ma for the Ribera del Fresno Gneiss (leucocratic subaluminous metagranite), both with high initial87Sr/86Sr ratios. This points to a post-Ordovician (Hercynian) age for the metamorphism and tectonic deformation that affected the area, including the gneisses, and rules out the alleged Cadomian or even older age.
    Abstract: Résumé Une étude par Rb-Sr sur roche totale de séries d'échantillons de deux massifs d'orthogneiss de la région d'Almendralejo, dans la ceinture Oporto-Portalegre-Badajoz-Cordoue, indique un âge ordovicien pour le magmatisme granitique: environ 470 Ma pour le gneiss d'Almendralejo (métagranite peralcalin) et environ 425 Ma pour le gneiss de Ribera del Fresno (métagranite leucocrate subalumineux), tous deux avec des rapports initiaux87Sr/86Sr élevés. Ces résultats indiquent un âge post-ordovicien (hercynien) pour le métamorphisme et la déformation tectonique qui ont affecté la région, y compris les gneiss, et éliminent l'hypothèse proposée par ailleurs d'un âge cadomien ou même plus ancien.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die Rb-Sr-Gesamtgesteinsanalysen von Probeserien zweier orthogneisischer Körper der Almendralejo-Region des Oporto-Portalegre-Badajoz-Córdoba-Gürtels weisen auf ein ordovizisches Alter des granitischen Magmas hin: rund 470 Ma für den Almendralejo-Gneis (peralkaliner Metagranit) und rund 425 Ma für den Ribera del Fresno-Gneis (leukokratischer Metagranit), beide bei einem hohen initialen87Sr/86Sr. Diese Ergebnisse deuten auf ein post-ordovizisches (herzynisches) Alter der Metamorphose und der tektonischen Deformation hin, die das Gebiet, einschließ-lich des Gneises, beeinflußt haben. Sie schließen ein vermeintliches kadomisches oder älteres Alter aus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01824904
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  • 3
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    SUMOylation Affects the Interferon Blocking Activity of the Influenza A Nonstructural Protein NS1 without Affecting Its Stability or Cellular Localization [Virus-Cell Interactions] (2013)
    The American Society for Microbiology (ASM)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-04-25
    Description: Our pioneering studies on the interplay between the s mall u biquitin-like mo difier (SUMO) and influenza A virus identified the nonstructural protein NS1 as the first known SUMO target of influenza virus and one of the most abundantly SUMOylated influenza virus proteins. Here, we further characterize the role of SUMOylation for the A/Puerto Rico/8/1934 (PR8) NS1 protein, demonstrating that NS1 is SUMOylated not only by SUMO1 but also by SUMO2/3 and mapping the main SUMOylation sites in NS1 to residues K219 and K70. Furthermore, by using SUMOylatable and non-SUMOylatable forms of NS1 and an NS1-specific artificial SUMO ligase (ASL) that increases NS1 SUMOylation ~4-fold, we demonstrate that SUMOylation does not affect the stability or cellular localization of PR8 NS1. However, NS1's ability to be SUMOylated appears to affect virus multiplication, as indicated by the delayed growth of a virus expressing the non-SUMOylatable form of NS1 in the interferon (IFN)-competent MDCK cell line. Remarkably, while a non-SUMOylatable form of NS1 exhibited a substantially diminished ability to neutralize IFN production, increasing NS1 SUMOylation beyond its normal levels also exerted a negative effect on its IFN-blocking function. This observation indicates the existence of an optimal level of NS1 SUMOylation that allows NS1 to achieve maximal activity and suggests that the limited amount of SUMOylation normally observed for most SUMO targets may correspond to an optimal level that maximizes the contribution of SUMOylation to protein function. Finally, protein cross-linking data suggest that SUMOylation may affect NS1 function by regulating the abundance of NS1 dimers and trimers in the cell.
    Print ISSN: 0022-538X
    Electronic ISSN: 1098-5514
    Topics: Medicine
    Published by The American Society for Microbiology (ASM)
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  • 4
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    Versatile module for experiments with focussing neutron guides (2014)
    American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-09-25
    Description: We report the development of a versatile module that permits fast and reliable use of focussing neutron guides under varying scattering angles. A simple procedure for setting up the module and neutron guides is illustrated by typical intensity patterns to highlight operational aspects as well as typical parasitic artefacts. Combining a high-precision alignment table with separate housings for the neutron guides on kinematic mounts, the change-over between neutron guides with different focussing characteristics requires no readjustments of the experimental setup. Exploiting substantial gain factors, we demonstrate the performance of this versatile neutron scattering module in a study of the effects of uniaxial stress on the domain populations in the transverse spin density wave phase of single crystal Cr.
    Print ISSN: 0003-6951
    Electronic ISSN: 1077-3118
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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  • 5
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    Predicting response and survival in chemotherapy-treated triple-negative breast cancer (2014)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2014-10-16
    Description: Predicting response and survival in chemotherapy-treated triple-negative breast cancer British Journal of Cancer 111, 1532 (14 October 2014). doi:10.1038/bjc.2014.444 Authors: A Prat, A Lluch, J Albanell, W T Barry, C Fan, J I Chacón, J S Parker, L Calvo, A Plazaola, A Arcusa, M A Seguí-Palmer, O Burgues, N Ribelles, A Rodriguez-Lescure, A Guerrero, M Ruiz-Borrego, B Munarriz, J A López, B Adamo, M C U Cheang, Y Li, Z Hu, M L Gulley, M J Vidal, B N Pitcher, M C Liu, M L Citron, M J Ellis, E Mardis, T Vickery, C A Hudis, E P Winer, L A Carey, R Caballero, E Carrasco, M Martín, C M Perou & E Alba
    Keywords: breast cancergenomicssubtypesintrinsicbasal likechemotherapyneoadjuvant
    Print ISSN: 0007-0920
    Electronic ISSN: 1532-1827
    Topics: Medicine
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 6
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    Elevated GH/IGF-I promotes mammary tumors in high-fat, but not low-fat, fed mice (2014)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-11-01
    Description: Growth hormone (GH) and/or insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) are thought to promote breast cancer based on reports showing circulating IGF-I levels correlate, in epidemiological studies, with breast cancer risk. Also, mouse models with developmental GH/IGF-I deficiency/resistance are less susceptible to genetic- or chemical-induced mammary tumorigenesis. However, given the metabolic properties of GH, medical strategies have been considered to raise GH to improve body composition and metabolic function in elderly and obese patients. Since hyperlipidemia, inflammation, insulin resistance and obesity increase breast cancer risk, elevating GH may serve to exacerbate cancer progression. To better understand the role GH/IGF-I plays in tumor formation, this study used unique mouse models to determine if reducing GH/IGF-I in adults protects against 7,12-dimethylbenz[ α ]anthracene (DMBA)-induced mammary tumor development, and if moderate elevations in endogenous GH/IGF-I alter DMBA-induced tumorigenesis in mice fed a standard-chow diet or in mice with altered metabolic function due to high-fat feeding. We observed that adult-onset isolated GH-deficient mice, which also have reduced IGF-I levels, were less susceptible to DMBA-treatment. Specifically, fewer adult-onset isolated GH-deficient mice developed mammary tumors compared with GH-replete controls. In contrast, chow-fed mice with elevated endogenous GH/IGF-I (HiGH mice) were not more susceptible to DMBA-treatment. However, high-fat-fed, HiGH mice showed reduced tumor latency and increased tumor incidence compared with diet-matched controls. These results further support a role of GH/IGF-I in regulating mammary tumorigenesis but suggest the ultimate consequences of GH/IGF-I on breast tumor development are dependent on the diet and/or metabolic status.
    Print ISSN: 0143-3334
    Electronic ISSN: 1460-2180
    Topics: Medicine
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 7
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    Endogenous Somatostatin Is Critical in Regulating the Acute Effects of L-Arginine on Growth Hormone and Insulin Release in Mice (2013)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2013-06-22
    Description: l -arginine ( l -Arg) rapidly stimulates GH and insulin release in vivo. It has been hypothesized that l -Arg stimulates GH release by lowering hypothalamic somatostatin (SST) tone. l -Arg may also act directly at the pituitary to stimulate GH release. Moreover, l -Arg has a direct stimulatory effect on β-cells, which is thought to be blunted by the release of SST from pancreatic -cells. To confirm the role of endogenous SST on l -Arg-induced GH and insulin release, wild-type (WT) and SST-knockout (SST-KO) mice were injected with l -Arg (ip; 0.8 g/kg), and pre-/post-injection GH, insulin, and glucose levels were measured. In WT mice, l -Arg evoked a 6-fold increase in circulating GH. However, there was only a modest increase in GH levels in WT pituitary cell cultures treated with l -Arg. In contrast, l -Arg failed to increase GH in SST-KO beyond their already elevated levels. These results further support the hypothesis that the primary mechanism by which l -Arg acutely increases GH in vivo is by lowering hypothalamic SST input to the pituitary and not via direct pituitary effects. Additionally, l -Arg induced a clear first-phase insulin secretion in WT mice, but not in SST-KO. However, SST-KO, but not WT mice, displayed a robust and sustained second-phase insulin release. These results further support a role for endogenous SST in regulating l -Arg-mediated insulin release.
    Print ISSN: 0013-7227
    Topics: Medicine
    Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Endocrine Society.
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  • 8
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    Insulin and IGF-I Inhibit GH Synthesis and Release in Vitro and in Vivo by Separate Mechanisms (2013)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2013-06-22
    Description: IGF-I is considered a primary inhibitor of GH secretion. Insulin may also play an important role in regulating GH levels because insulin, like IGF-I, can suppress GH synthesis and release in primary pituitary cell cultures and insulin is negatively correlated with GH levels in vivo. However, understanding the relative contribution insulin and IGF-I exert on controlling GH secretion has been hampered by the fact that circulating insulin and IGF-I are regulated in parallel and insulin (INSR) and IGF-I (IGFIR) receptors are structurally/functionally related and ubiquitously expressed. To evaluate the separate roles of insulin and IGF-I in directly regulating GH secretion, we used the Cre/loxP system to knock down the INSR and IGFIR in primary mouse pituitary cell cultures and found insulin-mediated suppression of GH is independent of the IGFIR. In addition, pharmacological blockade of intracellular signals in both mouse and baboon cultures revealed insulin requires different pathways from IGF-I to exert a maximal inhibitory effect on GH expression/release. In vivo, somatotrope-specific knockout of INSR (SIRKO) or IGFIR (SIGFRKO) increased GH levels. However, comparison of the pattern of GH release, GH expression, somatotrope morphometry, and pituitary explant sensitivity to acute GHRH challenge in lean SIRKO and SIGFRKO mice strongly suggests the primary role of insulin in vivo is to suppress GH release, whereas IGF-I serves to regulate GH synthesis. Finally, SIRKO and/or SIGFRKO could not prevent high-fat, diet-induced suppression of pituitary GH expression, indicating other factors/tissues are involved in the decline of GH observed with weight gain.
    Print ISSN: 0013-7227
    Topics: Medicine
    Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Endocrine Society.
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  • 9
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    Pericentromere tension is self-regulated by spindle structure in metaphase (2014)
    Rockefeller University Press
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    Publication Date: 2014-05-13
    Description: During cell division, a mitotic spindle is built by the cell and acts to align and stretch duplicated sister chromosomes before their ultimate segregation into daughter cells. Stretching of the pericentromeric chromatin during metaphase is thought to generate a tension-based signal that promotes proper chromosome segregation. However, it is not known whether the mitotic spindle actively maintains a set point tension magnitude for properly attached sister chromosomes to facilitate robust mechanochemical checkpoint signaling. By imaging and tracking the thermal movements of pericentromeric fluorescent markers in Saccharomyces cerevisiae , we measured pericentromere stiffness and then used the stiffness measurements to quantitatively evaluate the tension generated by pericentromere stretch during metaphase in wild-type cells and in mutants with disrupted chromosome structure. We found that pericentromere tension in yeast is substantial (4–6 pN) and is tightly self-regulated by the mitotic spindle: through adjustments in spindle structure, the cell maintains wild-type tension magnitudes even when pericentromere stiffness is disrupted.
    Electronic ISSN: 1540-8140
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Rockefeller University Press
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  • 10
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    Chemotherapy (CT) and hormonotherapy (HT) as neoadjuvant treatment in luminal breast cancer patients: results from the GEICAM/2006-03, a multicenter, randomized, phase-II study (2012)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2012-11-20
    Description: Background Luminal breast cancer is a highly endocrine responsive disease. However, the therapeutic benefit of chemotherapy (CT) in this population is not fully characterized. This study investigates the value of CT and hormone therapy (HT) in luminal breast cancer patients in the neoadjuvant setting. Patients and Methods Patients with operable breast cancer and immunophenotypically defined luminal disease (ER+/PR+/HER2–/cytokeratin 8/18+) were recruited. Patients were randomized to CT (epirubicin 90 mg/m 2 plus cyclophosphamide 600 mg/m 2  4 cycles followed by docetaxel 100 mg/m 2  4 cycles [EC-T]) or HT (exemestane 25 mg daily 24 weeks [combined with goserelin in premenopausal patients]). The primary end point was the clinical response measured by magnetic resonance imaging. Results Ninety-five patients were randomized (47 CT, 48 HT). The clinical response rate was 66% for CT and 48% for HT ( P =  0.075). We performed an unplanned analysis based on Ki67 levels (cut-off of 10%). Similar clinical response was seen between arms in patients with low Ki67 (CT: 63%, HT: 58%; P =  0.74); patients with high Ki67 had a better response with CT (67 versus 42%; P =  0.075). Grade 3/4 toxicity was more frequent with CT. Conclusions Luminal immunophenotype is not enough to identify patients who do not benefit from neoadjuvant CT. Luminal patients with low proliferation index could potentially avoid CT.
    Print ISSN: 0923-7534
    Electronic ISSN: 1569-8041
    Topics: Medicine
    Published by Oxford University Press
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