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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evolution of anisotropic reflection gratings formed in holographic polymer-dispersed liquid crystals (2001)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 79 (2001), S. 1420-1422 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The temporal evolution of an anisotropic reflection grating produced in a holographic polymer-dispersed liquid crystal film is investigated. We find that this type of grating is preceded in time by an isotropic concentration grating, and that the development of the anisotropic grating can be delayed until several seconds after laser exposure. The formation of an anisotropic grating is nearly coincident with the onset of phase separation of liquid crystal and implies a macroscopic ordering of liquid crystal droplet directors. Detailed knowledge of grating evolution may allow in situ control over the polarization sensitivity of the hologram. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1399303
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of Selected Element Concentrations and Enrichment Ratiosin Background and Anthropogenically Impacted Roadside Areas (2000)
    Springer
    Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology 38 (2000), S. 428-438 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0703
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Previous research by the National Contaminant Biomonitoring Program found fish from Manoa Stream, Hawaii, to have the highest concentrations of Pb in the nation. To explore possible source linkages we sampled background (uncontaminated) soil, roadside soil, and road deposited sediment in Manoa watershed and analyzed them for total and extractable concentrations of Al, Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn. Our concentration and enrichment ratio data indicate that Al, Co, Fe, Mn, and Ni were controlled by natural source variations, and Cu, Zn, and particularly Pb were anthropogenically enhanced. Labile Pb concentrations, extracted with either dilute HCl or EDTA, reached a maximum of 3,560 mg/kg compared to background values of 〈10 mg/kg. Additionally, 25% of the 169 contaminated samples analyzed had EDTA-extractable Pb enrichment ratios ≥11.5, where a value of 1 separates uncontaminated from contaminated media. Given the proximity of most samples to roadways it is reasonable to conclude that automotive emissions plus vehicle wear were the primary contributors of trace metals to the roadside system. These data are discussed in context with previous work on the fluvial bed sediments in this watershed in an attempt to examine the potential linkage with the biological accumulation of Pb in fish from Manoa watershed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002440010057
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bed sediment-associated trace metals in an urban stream, Oahu, Hawaii (2000)
    Springer
    Environmental geology 39 (2000), S. 611-627 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0495
    Keywords: Key words Lead ; Bed sediments ; Enrichment ratios ; Modified index of geoaccumulation ; Manoa Stream ; Trace metals ; Spatial variation ; Phase associations
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract  Of the 117 stream and lake systems sampled nationwide, fish from Manoa Stream on Oahu, Hawaii, have consistently shown the highest Pb concentrations. Therefore a detailed study was conducted to examine total metal contents in bed sediments from a 5.8-km stretch of Manoa Stream. A total of 123 samples (〈63 μm) were examined for 18 elements and 14 samples for 21 elements. Selected samples were also examined using different leach solutions to examine metal phase associations. All trace metal data, computations of enrichment ratios and the modified index of geoaccumulation point to mineralogical control for Cr and Ni; minor anthropogenic contamination for Ba, Cd, Cu, Hg and Zn; and a very strong contamination signal for Pb. Maximum Pb contents (up to 1080 mg kg−1) were associated with anthropogenic material dumping in minor tributaries, storm sewer sediments and sediments in the “lower” section of the basin. Proportionally Pb had the highest non-residual component of elements examined; dominantly in the reducible phase associated with Mn and amorphous Fe oxyhydroxides. The contamination signal was typically lowest in the “undisturbed” headwater reach of the basin (above 5.1 km) with significant increases throughout the “residential” and “commercial-institutional” zones of the mid-basin. The spatial pattern of bed sediment contamination and evidence from storm sewer-outlet sediments strongly indicates that Pb, and to a lesser degree some other metals, is still being transported to the stream and the primary agent is soil erosion and transport of metals sorbed to sediments. The primary source of sediment-associated metals is considered to be the automobile, though other minor sources can not be ruled out.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002540050473
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  • 4
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    Fore-arc deformation and underplating at the northern Hikurangi margin, New Zealand (2010)
    AGU (American Geophysical Union)
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 115 (B6). B06408.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-01-19
    Description: Geophysical investigations of the northern Hikurangi subduction zone northeast of New Zealand, image fore‐arc and surrounding upper lithospheric structures. A seismic velocity (Vp) field is determined from seismic wide‐angle data, and our structural interpretation is supported by multichannel seismic reflection stratigraphy and gravity and magnetic modeling. We found that the subducting Hikurangi Plateau carries about 2 km of sediments above a 2 km mixed layer of volcaniclastics, limestone, and chert. The upper plateau crust is characterized by Vp = 4.9–6.7 km/s overlying the lower crust with Vp 〉 7.1 km/s. Gravity modeling yields a plateau thickness around 10 km. The reactivated Raukumara fore‐arc basin is 〉10 km deep, deposited on 5–10 km thick Australian crust. The fore‐arc mantle of Vp 〉 8 km/s appears unaffected by subduction hydration processes. The East Cape Ridge fore‐arc high is underlain by a 3.5 km deep strongly magnetic (3.3 A/m) high‐velocity zone, interpreted as part of the onshore Matakaoa volcanic allochthon and/or uplifted Raukumara Basin basement of probable oceanic crustal origin. Beneath the trench slope, we interpret low‐seismic‐velocity, high‐attenuation, low‐density fore‐arc material as accreted and recycled, suggesting that underplating and uplift destabilizes East Cape Ridge, triggering two‐sided mass wasting. Mass balance calculations indicate that the proposed accreted and recycled material represents 25–100% of all incoming sediment, and any remainder could be accounted for through erosion of older accreted material into surrounding basins. We suggest that continental mass flux into the mantle at subduction zones may be significantly overestimated because crustal underplating beneath fore‐arc highs have not properly been accounted for.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1029/2009JB006645
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 5
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    Transport and thermodynamic evidence for a marginal Fermi-liquid state in ZrZn_{2} (2012)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-01-19
    Description: Author(s): Mike Sutherland, R. P. Smith, N. Marcano, Y. Zou, S. E. Rowley, F. M. Grosche, N. Kimura, S. M. Hayden, S. Takashima, M. Nohara, and H. Takagi Measurements of low-temperature transport and thermodynamic properties have been used to characterize the non-Fermi-liquid state of the itinerant ferromagnet ZrZn 2 . We observe a T 5/3 temperature dependence of the electrical resistivity at zero field, which becomes T 2 -like in an applied field of 9 T.... [Phys. Rev. B 85, 035118] Published Wed Jan 18, 2012
    Keywords: Electronic structure and strongly correlated systems
    Print ISSN: 1098-0121
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-3795
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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  • 6
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    Diamagnetism of YBa_{2}Cu_{3}O_{6+x} crystals above T_{c}: Evidence for Gaussian fluctuations (2013)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-08-10
    Description: Author(s): I. Kokanović, D. J. Hills, M. L. Sutherland, R. Liang, and J. R. Cooper The magnetization of three high-quality single crystals of YBa 2 Cu 3 O 6+ x , from slightly overdoped to heavily underdoped, has been measured using torque magnetometry. Striking effects in the angular dependence of the torque for the two underdoped crystals, a few degrees above the superconducting transi... [Phys. Rev. B 88, 060505] Published Fri Aug 09, 2013
    Keywords: Superfluidity and superconductivity
    Print ISSN: 1098-0121
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-3795
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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  • 7
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    {beta}-Catenin Signaling in ErbB2 Mammary Tumorigenesis (2013)
    The American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-07-17
    Description: Although ERBB2 amplification and overexpression is correlated with poor outcome in breast cancer, the molecular mechanisms underlying the aggressive nature of these tumors has not been fully elucidated. To investigate this further, we have used a transgenic mouse model of ErbB2-driven tumor progression (ErbB2KI model) that recapitulates clinically relevant events, including selective amplification of the core erbB2 amplicon. By comparing the transcriptional profiles of ErbB2KI mammary tumors and human ERBB2-positive breast cancers, we show that ErbB2KI tumors possess molecular features of the basal subtype of ERBB2-positive human breast cancer, including activation of canonical β-catenin signaling. Inhibition of β-catenin–dependent signaling in ErbB2KI-derived tumor cells using RNA interference impaired tumor initiation and metastasis. Furthermore, treatment of ErbB2KI or human ERBB2-overexpressing tumor cells with a selective β-catenin/CBP inhibitor significantly decreased proliferation and ErbB2 expression. Collectively, our data indicate that ERBB2-mediated breast cancer progression requires β-catenin signaling and can be therapeutically targeted by selective β-catenin/CBP inhibitors. Cancer Res; 73(14); 4474–87. ©2013 AACR.
    Print ISSN: 0008-5472
    Electronic ISSN: 1538-7445
    Topics: Medicine
    Published by The American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
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  • 8
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    Jet-intracluster medium interaction in Hydra A - I. Estimates of jet velocity from inner knots (2014)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-09-01
    Description: We present the first stage of an investigation of the interactions of the jets in the radio galaxy Hydra A with the intracluster medium. We consider the jet kinetic power, the galaxy and cluster atmosphere and the inner structure of the radio source. Analysing radio observations of the inner lobes of Hydra A by Taylor et al. we confirm the jet power estimates ~10 45 erg s –1 derived by Wise et al. from dynamical analysis of the X-ray cavities. With this result and a model for the galaxy halo, we explore the jet–intracluster medium interactions occurring on a scale of 10 kpc using two-dimensional, axisymmetric, relativistic pure hydrodynamic simulations. A key feature is that we identify the three bright knots in the northern jet as biconical reconfinement shocks, which result when an overpressured jet starts to come into equilibrium with the galactic atmosphere. Through an extensive parameter space study we deduce that the jet velocity is approximately 0.8 c at a distance 0.5 kpc from the black hole. The combined constraints of jet power, the observed jet radius profile along the jet and the estimated jet pressure and jet velocity imply a value of the jet density parameter 13 for the northern jet. We show that for a jet β = 0.8 and = 42°, an intrinsic asymmetry in the emissivity of the northern and southern jet is required for a consistent brightness ratio 7 estimated from the 6-cm Very Large Array image of Hydra A.
    Print ISSN: 0035-8711
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-2966
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 9
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    Lidar reveals uniform Alpine fault offsets and bimodal plate boundary rupture behavior, New Zealand: COMMENT (2014)
    Geological Society of America (GSA)
    In: Geology
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-09-20
    Print ISSN: 0091-7613
    Electronic ISSN: 1943-2682
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Geological Society of America (GSA)
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  • 10
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    Hippocampal representations over extended time [Neuroscience] (2012)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-11-21
    Description: The time when an event occurs can become part of autobiographical memories. In brain structures that support such memories, a neural code should exist that represents when or how long ago events occurred. Here we describe a neuronal coding mechanism in hippocampus that can be used to represent the recency...
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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