Publication Date:
2023-08-05
Description:
Vertical distribution, community structure and diversity of calanoid copepods were studied at six stations along a latitudinal transect from 24°N to 21°S in the eastern Atlantic Ocean, resolving nine discrete depth layers to 2000 m. Total copepod abundances integrated from 0-2000 m ranged from 148,000 to 197,000 ind m-2. Usually, abundance and biomass were highest in the upper 100 m, exponentially decreasing with increasing depth. Only at the northern and southernmost stations, a deeper biomass maximum was observed at 100-200 m and 200-400 m, respectively. In total, 26 families, 79 genera and at least 172 species were identified among calanoid copepods. Although there were certain regional differences in species composition between tropical and subtropical stations from north to south, depth had the strongest impact on the community structure of calanoids, resulting in statistically distinct communities in different depth zones. Maximum diversity of calanoids was observed between 100-200 m in the tropical zone and between 400-700 m in subtropical regions. Various interacting mechanisms such as vast spatial extent of the ecosystem, physical stability, avoidance from predators under dim light, small population sizes and high biologically generated heterogeneity possibly contribute to the biodiversity maxima in the twilight zone.
Keywords:
Acartia spp.; Acrocalanus spp.; Aetideidae, copepodites; Aetideopsis carinata; Aetideopsis rostrata; Aetideopsis sp.; Aetideus acutus; Aetideus arcuatus; Aetideus armatus; Aetideus bradyi; Aetideus giesbrechti; Amallothrix spp.; ANT-XXIX/1; Arietellus spp.; Augaptilidae; Augaptilus longicaudatus; Augaptilus megalurus; Augaptilus spp.; Brodskius cf. paululus; Calanidae, copepodites; Calanoida, copepodites; Calanoida, total; Calanoides natalis; Calanus sp.; Calocalanus spp.; Canarias Sea; Candacia spp.; Centraugaptilus sp.; Centropages bradyi; Cephalophanes spp.; Chiridiella smoki; Chiridiella sp.; Chiridius spp.; Chirundina streetsii; Clausocalanus spp.; Comment; Counting, copepoda; Ctenocalanus vanus; Date/Time of event; Delibus cf. nudus; Depth, bottom/max; Depth, top/min; DEPTH, water; Disco spp.; Disseta palumbii; Elevation of event; Euaugaptilus spp.; Eucalanus hyalinus; Euchaeta acuta; Euchaeta marina; Euchaeta media; Euchaeta paraconcinna; Euchaeta spp.; Euchaetidae, copepodites; Euchirella amoena; Euchirella curticauda; Euchirella pulchra; Euchirella rostrata; Euchirella splendens; Euchirella spp.; Event label; Falsilandrumius sp.; Farrania spp.; Gaetanus armiger; Gaetanus brevicornis; Gaetanus brevispinus; Gaetanus kruppii; Gaetanus latifrons; Gaetanus miles; Gaetanus minor; Gaetanus pileatus; Gaetanus spp.; Gaetanus tenuispinus; Gaussia princeps; Haloptilus acutifrons; Haloptilus austini; Haloptilus fons; Haloptilus mucronatus; Haloptilus oxycephalus; Haloptilus plumosus; Haloptilus spiniceps; Haloptilus spp.; Hemirhabdus sp.; Heteramalla sarsi; Heterorhabdus spinifrons; Heterorhabdus spp.; Heterostylites major; Labidocera spp.; Latitude of event; Longitude of event; Lophothrix frontalis; Lophothrix humilifrons; Lophothrix latipes; Lophothrix quadrispinosa; Lophothrix similis; Lophothrix spp.; Lucicutia aurita; Lucicutia bicornuta; Lucicutia curta; Lucicutia grandis; Lucicutia lucida; Lucicutia macrocera; Lucicutia magna; Lucicutia spp.; Lucicutia wolfendeni; Mecynocera clausi; Megacalanus princeps; Mesocalanus tenuicornis; Metridia brevicauda; Metridia curticauda; Metridia discreta; Metridia effusa; Metridia lucens; Metridia princeps; Metridia spp., copepodites; Metridia venusta; Microcalanus spp.; Mimocalanus spp.; Monacilla tenera; Monacilla typica; Mospicalanus sp.; MSN; Multiple opening/closing net; Nannocalanus minor; Neocalanus gracilis; Neocalanus robustior; Nullosetigera bidentata; Nullosetigera helgae; Nullosetigera impar; Nullosetigera mutica; Nullosetigera spp.; Oithonidae; Oncaeidae; Onchocalanus sp.; Paracalanus spp.; Paraeuchaeta aequatorialis; Paraeuchaeta gracilis; Paraeuchaeta sp.; Paraeuchaeta spp.; Paraheterorhabdus cf. compactus; Paraugaptilus sp.; Pareucalanus cf. sewelli; Phaenna spinifera; Phaennidae; Pleuromamma abdominalis; Pleuromamma borealis; Pleuromamma quadrungulata; Pleuromamma robusta; Pleuromamma spp.; Pleuromamma xiphias; Polarstern; Pontellina spp.; PS81; PS81/005-6; PS81/008-6; PS81/009-4; PS81/010-3; PS81/014-4; PS81/017-7; Pseudhaloptilus sp.; Pseudoamallothrix spp.; Pseudochirella sp.; Rhincalanus cornutus; Rhincalanus nasutus; Scaphocalanus spp.; Scolecithricella maritima; Scolecithricella spp.; Scolecithricella vittata; Scolecithrix bradyi; Scolecithrix danae; Scolecitrichidae; Scolecitrichopsis ctenopus; Scolecitrichopsis sp.; Scolecitrichopsis tenuipes; Scottocalanus helenae; Scottocalanus persecans; Scottocalanus securifrons; South Atlantic Ocean; Spinocalanus spp.; Subeucalanus mucronatus; Subeucalanus spp.; Subeucalanus subtenuis; Temora stylifera; Temorites brevis; Temorites elongata; Temorites minor; Temorites sarsi; Temorites spp.; Temoropia mayumbaensis; Temoropia minor; Teneriforma spp.; Tharybis sp.; Undeuchaeta cf. major; Undinella spp.; Undinula vulgaris; Valdiviella sp.; Volume
Type:
Dataset
Format:
text/tab-separated-values, 9412 data points
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