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  • Articles  (24)
  • 2015-2019  (14)
  • 1990-1994  (10)
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  • Articles  (24)
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  • 1
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    Drivers and uncertainties of future global marine primary production in marine ecosystem models (2015)
    COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
    In:  EPIC3Biogeosciences, COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH, 12, pp. 6955-6984, ISSN: 1726-4170
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-12-08
    Description: Past model studies have projected a global decrease in marine net primary production (NPP) over the 21st century, but these studies focused on the multi-model mean rather than on the large inter-model differences. Here, we analyze model-simulated changes in NPP for the 21st century under IPCC's high-emission scenario RCP8.5. We use a suite of nine coupled carbon–climate Earth system models with embedded marine ecosystem models and focus on the spread between the different models and the underlying reasons. Globally, NPP decreases in five out of the nine models over the course of the 21st century, while three show no significant trend and one even simulates an increase. The largest model spread occurs in the low latitudes (between 30° S and 30° N), with individual models simulating relative changes between −25 and +40 %. Of the seven models diagnosing a net decrease in NPP in the low latitudes, only three simulate this to be a consequence of the classical interpretation, i.e., a stronger nutrient limitation due to increased stratification leading to reduced phytoplankton growth. In the other four, warming-induced increases in phytoplankton growth outbalance the stronger nutrient limitation. However, temperature-driven increases in grazing and other loss processes cause a net decrease in phytoplankton biomass and reduce NPP despite higher growth rates. One model projects a strong increase in NPP in the low latitudes, caused by an intensification of the microbial loop, while NPP in the remaining model changes by less than 0.5 %. While models consistently project increases NPP in the Southern Ocean, the regional inter-model range is also very substantial. In most models, this increase in NPP is driven by temperature, but it is also modulated by changes in light, macronutrients and iron as well as grazing. Overall, current projections of future changes in global marine NPP are subject to large uncertainties and necessitate a dedicated and sustained effort to improve the models and the concepts and data that guide their development.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev , info:eu-repo/semantics/article
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Preparation of high-Tc oxide superconductors at low substrate temperature by facing-targets sputtering (1990)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 67 (1990), S. 5047-5048 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Y-Ba-Cu-O thin films were prepared at low substrate temperature (Ts≤500 °C) by a facing-targets-sputtering (FTS) system. MgO〈100〉 and SrTiO3〈110〉 substrates were used in this study. According to the x-ray-diffraction patterns, as-deposited Y-Ba-Cu-O thin films prepared by the FTS system crystallized in the tetragonal phase. The composition of the Y-Ba-Cu-O thin films was almost the same as that of the targets. In the FTS system the growing film on the substrate would not be bombarded by high-energy particles such as γ electrons and negative ions since the substrate is set in a plasma-free position. Consequently, the difference between the film composition and that of the target does not occur due to resputtering. Finally, at a Ts of about 410 °C, high-Tc oxide superconductors of Y-Ba-Cu-O thin films were obtained by the FTS system. The film surfaces were very smooth. There was no difference between the film composition and that of the target. Tc was about 85 K.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.344692
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Production of C60 plasma (1994)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 1 (1994), S. 3480-3484 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: An ultrafine-particle plasma consisting of electrons, positive K+ ions, and large negative C−60 ions is produced by introducing "Buckminsterfullerene, C60'' particles into a low-temperature ((approximately-equal-to)0.2 eV) potassium plasma column confined by a strong axial magnetic field. With an increase in the C−60 fraction, the electron shielding decreases, yielding clear effects on plasma collective phenomena, which are demonstrated for low-frequency electrostatic plasma-wave propagations and instabilities. This plasma might be useful for producing new C60-based materials.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.870495
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differential scanning calorimetric study of hydrogen–induced amorphization in C15 Laves phase GdCo2 (1992)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 61 (1992), S. 2422-2424 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Differential scanning calorimetry and x-ray diffractometry have been used to monitor reactions of the C15 Laves phase GdCo2 during constant-rate heating in a hydrogen atmosphere and to determine the enthalpy change of each reaction. The values of the enthalpy change ΔH of hydrogen absorption, hydrogen-induced amorphization and crystallization are evaluated to be −67.2, −10.2, and −9.8 kJ/mol Gd, respectively. On the other hand, ΔH of hydrogen desorption is +31.4 kJ/mol Gd. The amorphous a-GdCo2Hx alloy crystallizes to GdH2 and Co. Therefore, the total value of ΔH of the above reactions along with the formation of GdCo2, −103 kJ/mol Gd, becomes nearly equal to that of formation of GdH2, −101 kJ/mol Gd.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.108185
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Trichosporon cutaneum fungemia in patients with acute myeloblastic leukemia and measurement of serumd-arabinitol,Candida antigen (CAND-TEC), and β-d-glucan (1994)
    Springer
    Annals of hematology 68 (1994), S. 159-161 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Keywords: Trichosporon cutaneum ; β-d-glucan ; d-arabinitol ; Candida antigen (CAND-TEC) ; Acute myeloblastic leukemia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Two patients with acute myeloblastic leukemia are described who developed fungemia due toTrichosporon cutaneum. Fungemia occurred at the leukocyte nadir following the administration of anti-cancer chemotherapy. One patient was cured but the other died. Both patients received prednisolone continuously and had central venous catheters in place for parenteral hyperalimentation.T. cutaneum isolates were resistant to 5-fluorocytosine and moderately susceptible to fluconazole. One case was complicated by endophthalmitis due toT. cutaneum; this is the second report of such a complication in the world. We investigated the serum levels ofβ-d-glucan,d-arabinitol, andCandida antigen (CAND-TEC);β-d-glucan was elevated in both cases, which suggests that simultaneous measurements of these laboratory values are useful for the diagnosis and possibly for the evaluation of therapy for this fungal infection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01727422
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Disposition and metabolism of KW-2149, a novel anticancer agent (1993)
    Springer
    Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology 32 (1993), S. 143-150 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0843
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract KW-2149 is a new derivative of mitomycin C (MMC). The plasma concentrations, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of [3H]-KW-2149 in normal and tumor-bearing mice after i. v. administration of 16.6 mg/kg were investigated. The plasma radioactivity decreased biexponentially after i. v. administration in normal mice. However, the unchanged drug disappeared rapidly, showing a half-life (t 1/2) of 9.7 min, which was shorter than MMC's (18 min). The radioactivity was excreted in mouse urine (33%) and feces (58%) within 144 h. High radioactivity was distributed in the gallbladder, liver, kidney, pancreas, and lung at 1 h after i. v. administration to normal mice. The tumor concentration was lower than the plasma or blood concentration. The lowest radioactivity was observed in the brain. The metabolic rate of KW-2149 was very rapid. The methyl sulfide form (M-16), the symmetrical disulfide dimer (M-18), and the albumin conjugate were detected in plasma, which possessed anticellular activity. The specific anticellular activity of these compounds against uterine carcinoma (HeLa S3) was 1/100, 1, and 1/20 respectively, as compared with that of KW-2149.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00685618
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of natural convection melting inside isothermally heated horizontal rectangular capsule (1993)
    Springer
    Heat and mass transfer 28 (1993), S. 1-9 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1181
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es wird die Schmelzcharakteristik von Materialien mit Phasenänderung in horizontalen Rechteckbehältern bei natürlicher Konvektion experimentell untersucht. Die Behälter werden isotherm beheizt und haben Seitenverhältnisse vonH/W=3, 1 und 1/3. In allen Fällen kommt Oktadekan und Eis als Material mit Phasenwechsel zum Einsatz. Die dargelegte Lösungsmethode basiert auf den empirischen Beziehungen für den Wärmeübergang bei natürlicher Konvektion in vertikalen oder horizontalen Behältern, die auf den Schmelzvorgang in Rechteckbehältern angewendet werden. Die vorausberechneten Ergebnisse weisen gute Übereinstimmung mit den experimentellen Befunden auf. Beim Schmelzen von Oktadekan und Eis zeigt sich, daß der Einfluß des Seitenverhältnisses im Bereich 1/3 bis 3 nur gering ist.
    Notes: Abstract Melting characteristics of phase change material by natural convection heat transfer inside horizontal rectangular capsules are examined experimentally. The capsules are heated isothermally and three kinds of aspect ratios (qH/W=3, 1 and 1/3) are provided. Octadecane and ice are used, respectively, as the phase change material. A method of analysis applying the empirical correlations for natural convection heat transfer in a vertical or horizontal enclosure to the melting in the rectangular capsules is presented. The predicted results show good agreement with the experimental data. For the melting of octadecane and ice, it is found that the effect of aspect ratio on the melting process is not significant for the range ofB=1/3 to 3.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01579615
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dissecting and fusiform aneurysms of vertebro-basilar systems (1990)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 32 (1990), S. 272-279 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Dissecting aneurysm ; Fusiform aneurysm ; MR imaging ; Vertebro-basilar system
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The magnetic resonance (MR) findings of three cases with vertebro-basilar dissecting aneurysms (DA) were compared with those of two cases with vertebro-basilar fusiform aneurysms (FA). No abnormal findings, excepting a dilatation of a signal-void area corresponding to the arterial blood flow, were shown on the MR images in the patients with a FA. In contrast to the FA cases, various abnormalities were detected by the MR studies in all three DA cases. An intimal flap and a double lumen were demonstrated in one case. An intra-mural hematoma was shown in one case. A hematoma neighboring the parent artery was demonstrated in two cases. MR imaging was thought to be useful for detecting intracranial vascular lesions, such as a DA, and for discriminating between a DA and a FA.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00593045
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis in an infant with obstructive jaundice (1990)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 149 (1990), S. 765-767 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Xanthogranuloma ; Cholecystitis ; Jaundice ; Infants
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We describe a female infant with obstructive jaundice due to inflammatory stenosis of the choledochus. It was surrounded and narrowed by a xanthogranulomatous lesion, extending from xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis (XGC). The obstructive jaundice was released by a cholecysiectomy, resection of the choledochus, and hepaticojejunostomy. This is the first reported case of infantile XGC associated with obstructive jaundice.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01957275
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Combustion gas toxicity, hygroscopicity, and adhesive strength of plywood treated with flame retardants (1992)
    Springer
    Wood science and technology 26 (1992), S. 461-473 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-5225
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Summary The results of tests of combustion toxicity, hygroscopicity, and adhesive strength for fire retardant-treated plywood are described. The plywood was prepared from veneers treated with diammonium phosphate and ammonium bromide, and from glue mixed with poly (ammonium phosphate). Furthermore, the plywood boards were coated with boric acid. High ammonium phosphate and low or 0 ammonium bromide contents with the boric acid-coatings gave the greatest improvement in the combustion toxicity. Influence of almost all the treatments on the hygroscopicity was not significant. In all treatments the dry adhesive strength and the cyclic boil adhesive strength were slightly and considerably reduced, respectively.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00229249
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