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  • Springer  (5)
  • SPRINGER  (3)
  • INTER-RESEARCH  (1)
  • 2015-2019  (6)
  • 1990-1994  (3)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interactions in soft bottom benthic communities: Quantitative aspects of behaviour in the surface deposit feedersPygospio elegans (Polychaeta) andMacoma balthica (Bivalvia) (1991)
    Springer
    Helgoland marine research 45 (1991), S. 301-316 
    Details
    ISSN: 1438-3888
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The surface deposit feeding speciesPygospio elegans andMacoma balthica are dominant members of many sandy bottom communities of northern boreal regions. The feeding mode of both species and the tube-building ofP. elegans are assumed to affect community structure by interactions with other species. The weight of tubes ofP. elegans varied between 2 and 13 g DW/100 cm2 at the two stations investigated and during the year, which is equivalent to 230–1500 cm of tubes per 100 cm2 of sediment surface. Sediment stability may be affected directly or indirectly by the amount of tubes present.M. balthica shows a linear relation between the maximum size of particles which can be inhaled and animal length. In Kiel Bay, particles〉0.5 mm are out of the range of this species. In summer, the potential feeding area (PFA) of aP. elegans population at one station in Kiel Bay was 1.8 times the available surface area. The PFA of three different populations ofM. balthica in Kiel Bay exceeded the available surface area by factors of 2.6, 2.7, and 3.2. These findings indicate strong intra- and interspecific competition for food. Additionally, the feeding of both species may strongly affect the recruitment of benthic species via pelagic larvae. Experiments are proposed to evaluate the significance of the investigated behavioural aspects for community structure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02365522
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lissarca notorcadensis (Bivalvia: Philobryidae) living on Notocidaris sp. (Echinoidea: Cidaridae): Population dynamics in limited space (1993)
    Springer
    Polar biology 13 (1993), S. 89-95 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2056
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Population dynamics of the epizoic bivalve Lissarca notorcadensis living on spines of cidaroid sea urchins in the Weddell Sea were investigated. Total production (somatic & gonad) of the suspension feeding bivalve ranged between 16.5 and 487.4 mg AFDM y−1 per sea urchin. Annual sedimentation rates are not sufficient to maintain the production of the Lissarca sub-populations carried by the sea urchins, and resuspension of organic matter is most likely to be an important food source. The ratio of the number of freshly settled juveniles to the number of embryos brooded is between 0.054 and 0.207 and seems negatively related to the biomass already present, indicating intraspecific competition for space. Interspecific competition for space is caused by the strong preference of L. notorcadensis as well as other epizoa (colonial anthozoans and bryozoans) for the spines located on the aboral hemispere of the sea urchins.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00238540
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The genus Sterechinm (Echinodermata: Echinoidea) on the Weddell Sea shelf and slope (Antarctica): distribution, abundance and biomass (1991)
    Springer
    Polar biology 11 (1991), S. 227-232 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2056
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Two species of the echinoid genus Sterechinus were documented from 92 trawl stations and 55 photographic stations in the eastern and southern Weddell Sea between 100 and 1200 m water depth. We found two species occuring along the whole shelf and slope, S. neumayeri being more abundant above 450 m water depth and S. antarcticus dominating the deeper regions. The size-frequency distributions of both species indicate differences in growth, mortality and longevity. First estimates of abundance and biomass of S. neumayeri and S. antarcticus are 0.085 ind/m2 & 0.005 gAFDW/m2 and 0.022 ind/m2 & 0.005 gAFDW/m2, respectively.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00238455
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  • 4
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    Predation impact of the notothenoid fish Trematomus bernacchii on the size structure of the scallop Adamussium colbecki in Terra Nova Bay (Ross Sea, Antarctica) (2017)
    SPRINGER
    In:  EPIC3Polar Biology, SPRINGER, ISSN: 0722-4060
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-08-01
    Description: Biotic interactions are particularly relevant in stable environments, such as the High Antarctic areas. Among them, predation has a key role in structuring community and population variables, including size-frequency distribution. This study aims to quantify the impact of predation by the notothenioid fish Trematomus bernacchii on the Antarctic scallop Adamussium colbecki- size distribution. We developed a model of this impact that estimates the size distribution of the preyed scallop population, taking into account for the predator- size distribution, sex structure, and daily consumption. Comparing this size distribution of the preyed A. colbecki with the living populations at Terra Nova Bay (Ross Sea, Antarctica), we were able to detect a relevant impact of fish predation. Fish-size frequency resulted to be the major factor shaping preysize structure, with significant differences between predation by males and females. Our findings, given the key role of the two species in the littoral ecosystem of Terra Nova Bay (Antarctic Special Protected Area 161), fall into the framework of ecosystem management of High Antarctic coastal areas, particularly in the actual context of climate change, and increasing anthropogenic impact
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 5
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    Lipofuscin accumulation in tissues of Arctica islandica indicates faster ageing in populations from brackish environments (2017)
    SPRINGER
    In:  EPIC3Marine Biology, SPRINGER, 164, pp. 72-83, ISSN: 0025-3162
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-05-06
    Description: Environmental factors can affect the rate of ageing and shape the lifespan in marine ectotherms. The mechanisms and the degree of - environmental influence on aging can best be studied in species with wide ranging biogeographic distribution. One of the biomarkers of physiological ageing is the fluorescent age pigment lipofuscin, which accumulates over lifetime in tissues of bivalves. We compared lipofuscin accumulation rate in muscles and respiratory tissues of the extremely long lived bivalve Arctica islandica from five geographically distinct populations (Northern Norway, White Sea, Kiel Bay, German Bight and Iceland). Maximum investigated chronological age across different populations in the present study differed from 40 years in Kiel Bay to 192 years at Iceland. An inverse association between lipofuscin deposition rate and recorded maximum age was observed through inter-population comparisons. In most cases lipofuscin accumulated exponentially over age in a tissue specific manner. The age specific lipofuscin content was significantly higher in respiratory than muscles tissues in all populations. Cellular lipofuscin granule area can be used as indicator of aging across A. islandica populations with the variance in granule accumulation depending on the annual variations of salinity in different marine regions, but not on the habitat specific thermal envelope.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 6
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    Climate Change: Warming Impacts on Marine Biodiversity (2018)
    Springer
    In:  EPIC3Handbook on Marine Environment Protection, Cham, Switzerland, Springer, 21 p., pp. 353-373, ISBN: 978-3-319-60156-4
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-02-09
    Description: In this chapter, the effects of temperature change—as a main aspect of climate change—on marine biodiversity are assessed. Starting from a general discussion of species responses to temperature, the chapter presents how species respond to warming. These responses comprise adaptation and phenotypic plasticity as well as range shifts. The observed range shifts show more rapid shifts at the poleward range edge than at the equator-near edge, which probably reflects more rapid immigration than extinction in a warming world. A third avenue of changing biodiversity is change in species interactions, which can be altered by temporal and spatial shifts in interacting species. We then compare the potential changes in biodiversity to actual trends recently addressed in empirical synthesis work on local marine biodiversity, which lead to conceptual issues in quantifying the degree of biodiversity change. Finally we assess how climate change impacts the protection of marine environments.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Inbook , peerRev
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 7
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    Bivalve Shells—Unique High-Resolution Archives of the Environmental Past (2015)
    Springer
    In:  EPIC3Towards an Interdisciplinary Approach in Earth System Science, (Springer Earth System Sciences), Heidelberg [u.a.], Springer, 251 p., pp. 173-182, ISBN: 978-3-319-13864-0
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-02-11
    Description: Understanding the climate of the past is essential for anticipating future climate change. Palaeoclimatic archives are the key to the past, but few marine archives (including tropical corals) combine long recording times (decades to centuries) with high temporal resolution (decadal to intra-annual). In temperate and polar regions carbonate shells can perform the equivalent function as a proxy archive as corals do in the tropics. The bivalve Arctica islandica is a particularly unique bio-archive owing to its wide distribution throughout the North Atlantic and its extreme longevity (up to 500 years). This paper exemplifies how information at intra-annual and decadal scales is derived from A. islandica shells and combined into a detailed picture of past conditions. Oxygen isotope analysis (δ18O) provides information on the intra-annual temperature cycle while frequency analysis of shell growth records identifies decadal variability such as a distinct 5-year signal, which might be linked to the North Atlantic Oscillation.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Inbook , peerRev
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 8
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    Temporal shift in biomass and production of macrozoobenthos in the macroalgal belt at Hansneset, Kongsfjorden, after 15 years (2015)
    SPRINGER
    In:  EPIC3Polar Biology, SPRINGER, ISSN: 0722-4060
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-11-02
    Description: In Arctic macroalgal belt ecosystems, macrozoobenthic production is thought to be an important link between primary production and higher trophic levels. Macrozoobenthic biomass and secondary production were studied along transects (2.5-15 m depth) in the macroalgal belt at Hansneset in Kongsfjorden, Svalbard, from 2012 to 2013. At 2.5m, the standing stock reached its maxima of 174.8 ± 54.4 g ash free dry weight per 1 m2, while density (4341 ind. m-2± 1127 95% CI) and production (7.0 g C m-2 y-1 ± 2.8 95% CI) were highest at 5 m water depth in 2012/13. Compared to a study from 1996/98, this re-sampling indicated a drastic change in the depth-distribution of macrozoobenthic biomass and secondary production at Hansneset. While both biomass and secondary production increased with water depth in 1996/98, this pattern was inversed in 2012/13 owing to a tenfold increase of biomass and secondary production in the upper most sublittoral (2.5-5 m). Variability of macrozoobenthic biomass and secondary production corresponded to differences in the physical environment and macroalgal vegetation along the depth gradient. In the last decade, the number of ice free days per year increased probably due to Arctic warming. As a result, shallow rocky habitats (2.5-5 m) are less affected by ice scouring, thereby opening new space for colonization by benthic fauna. However, faunal secondary production was low compared to macroalgal primary production, indicating a considerable export of most of the algal production from the shallow habitats to the adjacent areas.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 9
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    Benthic trophic networks of the southern North Sea: contrasting soft-sediment communities share high food web similarity (2019)
    INTER-RESEARCH
    In:  EPIC3Marine Ecology-Progress Series, INTER-RESEARCH, 628, pp. 17-36, ISSN: 0171-8630
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-11-28
    Description: We examined whether taxonomically distinct benthic communities from contrasting sediments in the German Bight (southern North Sea) also differ in their trophic structure. As a case study, we compared the Amphiura filiformis community (AFC) of silty sands and the Bathyporeia-Tellina community (BTC) of fine sands using a combination of stable isotope analysis and data on trophic interactions. Differences between the food webs were evident in the feeding guild composition of important primary consumers: deposit and interface feeders are the most diverse primary consumer guilds in the AFC, whereas suspension and interface feeders play a major role in the BTC, reflecting differences in physical properties and food availability at the sediment-water interface. While all primary consumer guilds had the same trophic level (TL) in the AFC, deposit feeders of the BTC occupied a trophic position intermediate between other primary and higher-order consumer guilds, likely explained by partially incomplete knowledge of their trophic ecology and selective feeding, including the ingestion of meiofauna. Most food web properties, however, were similar between the AFC and BTC: they mainly depend on pelagic primary production, reach TL 4 and are characterized by a prevalence of generalist higher-order consumers. Furthermore, both trophic networks had similar linkage densities and high directed connectance, the latter feature suggesting considerable food web robustness. Our findings suggest that although communities in the German Bight differ in some aspects of their trophic structure, they share a similar food web topology, indicating a comparable degree of resilience towards natural and anthropogenic disturbances.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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