In:
PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science (PLoS), Vol. 16, No. 9 ( 2021-9-2), p. e0255800-
Abstract:
Emotion regulation is an indispensable part of mental health and adaptive behavior. Research into emotion regulation processes has largely focused on the concurrent effects of volitional emotion regulation. However, there is scarce evidence considering post-regulatory effects with regard to neural mechanisms and emotional experiences. Therefore, we compared concurrent effects of cognitive emotion regulation with effects at different (immediate, short- and long-term) time intervals. In an fMRI study with N = 46 (N = 30 at re-exposure) young healthy adults, we compared neuronal responses to negative and neutral pictures while participants had to distance themselves from or to actively permit emotions in response to these pictures. We investigated the temporal dynamics of activation changes related to regulation in cognitive control brain networks as well as in the amygdala during stimulation (concurrent effects, timepoint 1) and post-stimulation (immediate, timepoint 2), as well as during re-exposure with the same pictures after short (10 minutes, timepoint 3) and long (1 week, timepoint 4) time intervals. At timepoint 1, negative pictures (versus neutral pictures) elicited a strong response in regions of affective processing, including the amygdala. Distancing (as compared to permit) led to a decrease of this response, and to an increase of activation in the right middle frontal and inferior parietal cortex. We observed an interaction effect of time (stimulation vs. post-stimulation) and regulation (distance vs. permit), indicating a partial reversal of regulation effects during the post-stimulation phase (timepoint 2). Similarly, after 10 minutes (timepoint 3) and after 1 week (timepoint 4), activation in the amygdala was higher during pictures that participants were previously instructed to distance from as compared to permit. These results show that the temporal dynamics are highly variable both within experimental trials and across brain regions. This can even take the form of paradoxical aftereffects at immediate and persistent effects at prolonged time scales.
Type of Medium:
Online Resource
ISSN:
1932-6203
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0255800
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0255800.g001
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0255800.g002
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0255800.g003
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0255800.g004
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0255800.g005
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0255800.t001
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0255800.t002
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0255800.t003
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0255800.t004
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0255800.t005
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0255800.s001
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0255800.s002
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0255800.r001
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0255800.r002
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0255800.r003
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0255800.r004
Language:
English
Publisher:
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Publication Date:
2021
detail.hit.zdb_id:
2267670-3
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