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  • 2020-2024  (4)
  • 1995-1999  (4)
  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1262
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé La multiplication des registres de polypose a permis de diagnostiquer un nombre croissant de sujets jeunes proteurs d'une polypose adénomateuse familiale (FAP). Afin d'établir des recommandations dans la sélection du traitement chirurgical approprié chez des adolescents (10–19 ans), nous avons comparé les résultats de la colectomie et de l'anastomose iliéo-rectale (IRA, n=17 patients) aux résultats de procto-colectomie avec rétablissement de la continuité par l'intermédiaire d'une poche iléoanale (IPAA, n=7 patients). Les dossiers ont été revus afin d'obtenir des données sur la technique opératoire, les pertes sanguines et les transfusions, la durée de séjours hospitaliers (incluant la période nécessaire pour la fermeture de l'iléostomie), ainsi que les complications précoces (à moins de 30 jours de l'opération) et les complications tardives. Les résultats fonctionnels (nombre de selles par 24 h, usage de médications anti-diarrhéïques, fuites et incontinence fécale) et la qualité de la vie ont été évalués prospectivement à l'aide d'un questionnaire et de consultations de contrôle. Le suivi moyen a été de 49 mois (de 6 à 95 mois) après l'IRA et de 36 mois après l'IPAA (de 4 à 87 mois). Bien que la colo-poctectomie avec rétablissement de la continuité par IPAA soit plus longue (5,75-heures vs 3,1) plus sanglante (500 ml pertes sanguines vs 300 ml) et plus complexe avec un séjour hospitalier plus long (12 jours vs 7 jours) que l'IRA (P=0.008, P=0.006 et P=0.002), nous n'avons pas observé de différence P〉0.05 entre les deux groupes en ce qui concerne le taux de complecations et la qualité de vie. Nous recommandons une colo-proctectomie avec rétablissement de la continuité par une IPAA chez des adolescents porteurs d'une polypose adénomateuse familiale et de tapis d'adénome du rectum présentant des cancers curables des deux tiers supérieurs du rectum chez lesquels le follow-up ne pourra que difficilement être assuré. Dans les autres cas, la décision de réaliser une IRA ou une procto-colectomie avec IPAA dépend des souhaits du patient et de l'expérience du chirurgien.
    Notes: Abstract Increasing numbers of polyposis registries have led to more young patients being diagnosed with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP). To provide guidelines for selecting the appropriate surgical procedure in teenagers (10–19 years), we compared the results of colectomy and ileo-rectal anastomosis (IRA, n=17 patients) to the results of resrorative proctocolectomy and ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA, n=7 patients). Charts were reviewed to obtain data on the operative technique, blood loss and transfusions, hospital stay (including the time for ileostomy closure), and early (within 30 days of surgery) and late complications. Functional results (bowel movements per 24h, use of antidiarrheal drugs, seepage, and fecal incontinence) and quality of life were evaluated prospectively with a questionnaire and physical examination. The median follow-up time was 49 months (range, 6 to 95 months) after IRA, and 36 months after IPAA (range, 4 to 87 months). Although restorative proctocolectomy and IPAA, is a longer (5.75 vs 3.1 hours), more bloody (500 vs 300 mL blood loss), and more complex operation with a longer hospital stay (12 vs 7 days) than IRA (P=0.008, P=0.006, P=0.02, respectively), no significant difference (P〉0.05) was found between groups concerning the complication rate or quality of life. For teenagers with FAP and rectal carpeting, large rectal adenomas, curable cancer in the upper two-thirds of the rectum, or who are unavailable for follow-up, we recommend a restorative proctocolectomy and IPAA. For the other patients, the decision whether to perform IRA or restorative proctocolectomy with IPAA depends on the patient's desire and the surgeon's skill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Surgical endoscopy and other interventional techniques 11 (1997), S. 1013-1016 
    ISSN: 1432-2218
    Keywords: Key words: Tumor localization — Laparoscopic surgery — Colon tumors — Rectal tumors
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background: Because of the inability to palpate colonic tumors during laparoscopy, their location must be precisely identified before resection is undertaken. Method: A retrospective study was performed of 58 patients in order to be able to describe our methods of tumor localization for laparoscopic colorectal operations and to review their effectiveness. Results: In all patients, the entire colon was examined preoperatively by colonoscopy. In one patient, preoperative colonoscopic localization was inaccurate. In 31 patients, tumors were easily detectable at surgery. In five patients with the tumor in the right colon, even though the lesion was not detectable at surgery, right colectomy was performed without marking because preoperative colonoscopy reliably identified the lesion adjacent to the ileocecal valve. Twenty-two patients required some type of procedure to localize the tumor. The procedures and their problems were as follows: preoperative tattoo (five)—tattoo not visualized (one); intraoperative colonoscopy alone (six), combined with intraoperative tattoo (four) or clip (three)—poor operative exposure due to bowel distension (nine), hard to see the clip (three), dislodged clip (two), inadequate resection margin (one); intraoperative proctoscopy alone (two), combined with laparoscopic stitch (two)—no problems. In no patient was tumor present at a resection line and in no patient was the wrong segment resected. Conclusions: Reliable preoperative identification of the tumor adjacent to the ileocecal valve can permit right colectomy without marking. Lesions in the upper rectum can be approached via intraoperative proctoscopy ± suture placement. If the surgeon anticipates intraoperative localization may be difficult, lesions other than rectal or cecal ones should probably be marked by preoperative tattooing. Further studies regarding the technique of tattooing are warranted.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biospectroscopy 2 (1996), S. 249-258 
    ISSN: 1075-4261
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: The photodegradation of wool keratin is a very complex process that is not well understood. In this work the techniques of Fourier transform Raman and attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopies have been used to study wool samples irradiated in air using a variety of different sources. The spectra obtained from these samples have been compared with those obtained from wool treated with sodium bisulphite, a reagent well known to produce thiol and S-sulfonate groups. As an aid for spectral interpretation the Raman and infrared spectra of cystine and those of the sodium and potassium cysteine-S-sulfonates have also been obtained. The data suggest that there are two different photolytic reaction pathways involving the cystine residues which are dependent on the wavelength of the applied radiation. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
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    In:  XXVIII General Assembly of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG)
    Publication Date: 2023-05-16
    Description: Global mean sea level has been rising and is attributed to anthropogenic climate change forcing. The causes are mainly thermal expansion due to ocean warming and addition of water mass into the ocean from melting of land ice. Regional sea levels can deviate significantly from global mean sea level due to different processes at various spatiotemporal scales. In this study, we examine Australian sea levels and underlying mechanisms based on observations from 1880s to current, including direct sea level measurements by in-situ tide gauges and satellite altimetry, as well as other relevant oceanic and atmospheric observations. We focus on three aspects to explain the regional distribution of Australian sea levels. Firstly, we examine the connection of sea levels with modes of climate variability (e.g., ENSO) and driving physical processes (e.g., wave propagation). Secondly, the regional sea level budget from 1966 to present from selected tide gauges are analysed to identify the dominant factors for sea level trends, including ocean dynamics, sea level fingerprints, vertical land movement and inverse barometer effect. Thirdly, the connection between Australian sea levels and ocean gyre circulation and boundary currents (such as the South Pacific subtropical ocean gyre and East Australian Current) are identified, focusing on coastal sea levels in response to strength and position of ocean gyres and boundary currents. Findings from this historical study improve our understanding of sea level changes and variability around Australia, which will help us to project future sea level changes in coming decades with more confidence and reliability.
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject
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  • 5
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    In:  XXVIII General Assembly of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG)
    Publication Date: 2023-05-25
    Description: Sea-level rise integrates the responses of several components (ocean thermal expansion, mass loss from glaciers and ice sheets, terrestrial water storage). Before the satellite era, global sea-level reconstructions depend on tide-gauge records and ocean observations. However, the available global mean sea level (GMSL) reconstructions using different methods indicate a spread in sealevel trend over 1900-2008 (1.3~2.0 mm/yr). With the improved understanding of the causes of sea-level change, here we update the original Church and White (2011) reconstruction by using the latest observations, taking the time-evolving sea-level fingerprint, sterodynamic sea level (SDSL) climate change pattern and local vertical land motion (VLM) into account. The updated trend of GMSL of 1.6 ± 0.2 mm/yr (90% confidence level) over 1900-2019 is consistent with the sum of contributions of 1.5 ± 0.2 mm/yr, slightly lower than 1.8 ± 0.2 mm/yr from original reconstruction. The lower trend from the updated reconstruction is mainly due to including residual VLM correction. The trends at tide gauge locations from updated reconstruction agree better with the tide gauge observations, with comparable mean trend of 1.7 mm/yr (standard deviation; STD of 2.0 mm/yr) from observation and 1.7 mm/yr (STD of 1.2 mm/yr) from the updated reconstruction. The inclusion of sea-level fingerprint and SDSL climate change pattern are the dominant contributors for improved reconstruction skill on regional scales at tide gauge locations. This update leads to GMSL solution that are consistent with other reconstructions in terms of long-term trend and 30-year running rate.
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject
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  • 6
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    In:  XXVIII General Assembly of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG)
    Publication Date: 2023-07-31
    Description: A rapid warming and freshening of the Southern Ocean have been observed over the past several decades and are attributed to anthropogenic climate change. We conducted ocean model perturbation experiments to separate roles of individual surface forcing in the Southern Ocean temperature and salinity changes. Model-based findings are compared with results from a theoretical framework including three idealized processes defined on the θ-S diagram. Under the future scenario of CO2 doubling, the heat flux forcing dominates the large-scale warming, deepening of isopycnals, and spiciness changes along isopycnals, which can be captured by an idealized pure warming process to represent the subduction of surface heat uptake. The poleward-intensifying westerly winds account for 24% of the enhanced warming between 35°and 50°S and would have comparable contribution as the heat flux forcing after removing the global ocean warming effect. In contrast, the widespread freshening in the Southern Ocean driven by increased surface freshwater input is largely compensated by the wind-driven saltening. The response to freshwater forcing could not be approximated as a similar pure freshening process as the induced cooling and freshening have comparable effects on density. The wind-driven changes are primarily through the local heave of isopycnals, thus resembling an idealized pure heave process, but contain considerable spiciness signals especially in the midlatitude Southern Ocean, resulting from anomalous northward transport and subduction of heat and salt that are largely density-compensating. These distinct signatures of individual surface forcing help us to better understand observed and projected changes in the Southern Ocean.
    Language: English
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  • 7
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    In:  XXVIII General Assembly of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG)
    Publication Date: 2023-08-29
    Description: Changes in sea level are mostly driven by internal climate variability, and anthropogenic forcing. Moreover, changes in stratospheric and tropospheric Ozone during the second-half of the 20th century also cause significant changes in ocean heat uptake. A recent study has shown that both stratospheric and tropospheric ozone have contributed to the Southern Ocean warming in the deep ocean. This study has shown that the 30% of Southern Ocean warming during 1955-2000 is driven by ozone in the upper 2000 m of the ocean. Of this 30%, 60% is attributed to stratospheric and 40% to tropospheric ozone changes. Changes in ocean heat uptake consequently affect sea level and we assess these changes due to ozone. From the analysis of four CMIP6 models with a total of 28 ensemble members, we find that thermosteric sea level increases between 40-60 S and decreases between 60 S and the Antarctic peninsula. Hence, there is a gradient in thermosteric sea level established around 60 S with higher sea level on the equatorward side and lower sea level on the poleward side. The increased sea level in the Southern Ocean is plausibly related to an increase in the strength of westerlies due to ozone forcing that has helped to deposit more heat due to the intense churning of the subtropical gyres. Further investigations are required to quantify the changes in sea level due to ozone in comparison to aerosols, greenhouse gases, and their combination (i.e., historical trend) to explain the observed sea level changes.
    Language: English
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Conference , notRev
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