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  • Chemistry  (10)
  • Cadmium  (3)
  • Hypertension  (3)
  • 2020-2024
  • 2000-2004
  • 1980-1984  (16)
  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Renal artery aneurysm ; Renal cyst ; Hydronephrosis ; Coarctation of the aorta ; Radiation nephritis ; Hypertension ; Renin angiotensin system ; Nierenarterienaneurysma ; Nierencyste ; Hydronephrose ; Coarctatio aortae ; Strahlennephritis ; Hypertonie ; Renin-Angiotensin-System
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung In der vorliegenden Studie wurden 19 Patienten mit seltenen Formen renaler Hypertonie untersucht: 6 Patienten mit Nierenarterienaneurysma, 6 Fälle mit unilateraler Hydronephrose, 4 Patienten mit unilateraler Nierencyste, 2 Fälle mit Coarctatio aortae und assozierter Nierenarterienstenose und ein Patient mit Strahlennephritis. Die Plasma-Renin-Aktivität (PRA) im Nierenvenenblut wurde bei 17 der 19 Fälle bestimmt. 7 dieser 17 (41%) Patienten zeigten einen signifikanten Seitenunterschied (PRA betroffene/PRA nicht betroffene Seite) ≧1,5. Der Prozentsatz positiver Tests war in verschiedenen Kollektiven vergleichbar hoch. Nur Patienten mit unilateraler Nierencyste zeigten in keinem Fall einen signifikanten PRA-Quotienten. Eine superselektive Nierenvenenrenin-Bestimmung bei 2 Patienten mit Nierenarterienaneurysma der oberen Segmentarterie zeigte in beiden Fällen eine erhöhte Plasma-Renin-Aktivität im Bereiche des Oberpols. 15 der 19 Patienten (79%) wurden operiert. Dabei kamen entweder plastisch rekonstruktive Verfahren oder eine Nephrektomie zur Anwendung. 4 Fälle mit Nierenarterienaneurysma wurden antihypertensiv behandelt. Patienten mit unilateraler Hydronephrose zeigten postoperativ die besten Ergebnisse (3 geheilt, 3 gebessert), während bei keinem der 4 Patienten mit unilateraler Nierencyste die Blutdruckwerte durch den operativen Eingriff normalisiert werden konnten (3 gebessert, 1 nicht gebessert). Die Patienten mit Coarctatio aortae und assozierter Nierenarterienstenose sowie die 2 operierten Fälle mit Nierenarterienaneurysma zeigten alle ein gutes Ansprechen auf den gefäßrekonstruktiven Eingriff (2 geheilt, 2 gebessert). Der Patient mit Strahlennephritis schließlich war 2 Jahre nach Nephrektomie gebessert. Im Gesamtkollektiv unserer operierten Patienten war die prognostische Aussagekraft der Nierenvenenreninbestimmung beschränkt. Allerdings erwies sich die selektive Nierenvenenreninbestimmung bei Patienten mit einem Aneurysma einer Nierensegmentarterie als nützlich zur Entdeckung lokaler Reninüberproduktion.
    Notes: Summary In the present study 19 patients with rare forms of renal hypertension were investigated: 6 patients with renal artery aneurysm, 6 cases with unilateral hydronephrosis, 4 patients with unilateral simple renal cyst, 2 cases with coarctation of the abdominal aorta and associated renal artery stenosis and 1 patient with radiation nephritis. Renal venous renin activity (PRA) was determined in 17 of the 19 cases. Seven of these 17 (41%) patients showed significant PRA-ratios (PRA affected/PRA unaffected side ≧1.5). The percentage of positive tests was comparably high in the various subgroups except in patients with renal cyst, none of them showing lateralisation of renin secretion. Selective sampling in 2 patients with renal artery branch aneurysm revealed in both cases marked local renin oversecretion. Fifteen of the 19 patients (79%) were operated either by reconstruction surgery or nephrectomy. Four cases with a renal artery aneurysm were treated with antihypertensive drugs. Patients with unilateral hydronephrosis showed the best response to surgery in terms of cure rate (3 cured, 3 improved), whereas blood pressure normalisation could not be achieved in patients with simple renal cyst (2 improved, 1 unimproved). Patients with coarctation of the abdominal aorta and associated renal artery stenosis and the 2 operated cases with renal artery aneurysm showed a good effect of corrective surgery (2 cured, 2 improved). The patient with radiation nephritis finally was improved 2 years after nephrectomy. For the total group the prognostic validity of renal venous renin determination was limited. However, selective blood sampling from peripheral renal veins may be useful in cases with renal artery branch aneurysm to detect local oversecretion of renin.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 61 (1983), S. 803-805 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Obesity ; Hypertension ; Intracellular sodium ; Intracellular calcium
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Intracellular activities of sodium and calcium were determined in red cells of patients with obesity. Compared to normal people mean intracellular sodium and calcium were higher in obese patients. However, increased intracellular sodium and calcium could only be observed in those patients with obesity suffering from hypertension or showing a familial disposition to hypertension. In contrast there was no difference in intracellular sodium and calcium between obese normotensives lacking a familial disposition to hypertension and normal people. Thus, our results suggest, that the observed variations in intracellular sodium and calcium in obesity are due to an enhanced blood pressure or a familial disposition to hypertension and not specific for obesity.
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Renal artery stenosis ; Hypertension ; Peripheral arterial occlusive disease
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In order to evaluate the prevalence of renal artery stenoses and the coincidence with hypertension, in this study 110 patients (24 women, 86 men, mean age 63.2±8.6 years) underwent retrograde aortography for reason of symptomatic arteriosclerosis obliterans of the lower limb arteries. In 18 (16.4%) patients renal artery stenoses by which the lumen was narrowed for more than 30% and in 2 (1.8%) patients occlusions of one renal artery were found, all of which seemed to be of arteriosclerotic origin. 12 (60%) patients with renal artery stenoses or occlusions showed arterial hypertension (RR 171±33/94±16 mmHg) inspite of adequate antihypertensive medication, 8 were normotensive even though renal artery stenoses were found angiographically. On the other hand 30 (33%) of the 90 patients without renal artery stenoses were hypertensive (RR 165±15/93±9 mmHg). These data support the observation that renal artery stenoses must not result in hypertension, but clearly indicate the higher prevalence of hypertension in patients with renal artery stenoses or occlusions. With regard to the low-risk procedure of percutaneous transluminal dilatation of renal arteries, it seems to be valuable for hypertensive patients to include renovasography into the angiographic evaluation of symptomatic lower limb arteriosclerosis.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of toxicology 53 (1983), S. 207-211 
    ISSN: 1432-0738
    Keywords: Milk ; Human ; Cadmium
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Electrothermal atomic absorption spectrophotometry was employed to analyse cadmium in breast milk. Twenty breast milk samples were donated by seven mothers during 6 months of lactation. All milk samples represented every feeding during a period of 24 h, having foremilk an hindmilk in equal proportions. The median cadmium concentration in the 1st month was 2.0 μg/l (range 1.7–3.1 μg/l, 7 samples) and then declined to 1.5 μg/l (range 1.3–2.5 μg/l, 7 samples) and 1.6 μg/l (range 1.2–2.0 μg/l, 6 samples) in the 3rd and 6th months, respectively. At the age of 1 and 3 months when the infants were totally breast fed the average weekly intake of cadmium was 2.7 and 1.5 μg/kg. This is below the provisional tolerable weekly intake of man, from 6.7 to 8.3 μg/kg, proposed by WHO.
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Cadmium ; zinc ; pollution ; sediment ; water ; fish ; clams ; macrophytes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Levels of cadmium and zinc in various components of Williamson Ditch (an industrially contaminated stream flowing into Palestine Lake), Trimble Creek (a stream draining Palestine Lake) and the Tippecance River (a river receiving Trimble Creek) were determined. Water, sediment, plant, fish and clam samples were analyzed for cadmium and zinc content by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Unweighted mean metal concentrations in Trimble Creek were the following: water, 51 µg Zn/1 and 4.2 µg Cd/1; sediment, 592 µg Zn/g and 48.8,µg Cd/g; plants, 375 µm Zn/g and 7.91 µg Cd/g; fish, 145 µg Zn/g and 6.02 µg Cd/g. These concentrations were generally lower than those found in Williamson Ditch and higher than those found in the Tippecanoe River or background levels previously reported for other aquatic ecosystems.
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Cadmium ; zinc ; pollution ; molluscs ; monitoring
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The three-ridge clamAmblema perplicata was used to monitor two streams for the presence of zinc (Zn) and cadmium (Cd) derived from an industrial source. Clams were collected from a relatively uncontaminated area in one river and transported to four study sites in the two contaminated streams. The clams were placed into polyethylene cages and left in these streams for one week. Control clams were treated in a similar manner and left in the uncontaminated river. The highest mean concentration of Zn (956 µg/g dry wt) was found in the gill tissue of clams from the most contaminated site. The highest mean Cd concentration (18.6 µg/ g dry wt) was found in digestive glands of clams, also from the most contaminated site. Mean concentrations at contaminated sites were significantly higher than background and control levels; the findings suggest that these particular organs of clams may be useful in monitoring levels of Zn and Cd in other freshwater systems.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 113 (1980), S. 941-954 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Statistical Syntheses of RotaxanesThe acetalisation of the 28-membered cyclic diols 11a, b with the long-chain dibromo ketone 12 gives acetals 13a, b. These compounds react with triphenylmethyllithium to give 17a, b and 18a, b from which the rotaxanes 20a, b are obtained in 0.066 or 0.18 and 0.12% yield, respectively, after hydrolysis of the acetal bonds. The reacetalisation of rotaxane 20b affords, by an intraannular reaction, the prerotaxane 18b in pure form.
    Notes: Die Acetalisierung der 28-gliedrigen cyclischen Diole 11a, b mit dem langkettigen Dibromketon 12 ergibt die Acetale 13a, b. Nach Umsetzung mit Triphenylmethyllithium zu 17a, b und 18a, b werden nach Hydrolyse der Acetalbindungen die Rotaxane 20a, b in Ausbeuten von 0.066 und 0.18 bzw. 0.12% als farblose Öle isoliert. Durch Reacetalisierung von 20b wird in einer intraannularen Reaktion das Prärotaxan 18b in reiner Form erhalten.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 65 (1982), S. 1038-1044 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 2-Pyridylhydrazones as Carbonyl Derivatives to induce Fragmentation in Mass SpectrometryIt was found that the 2-pyridylhydrazone is a derivative of the carbonyl group, which is able to induce fragmentation of an alicyclic skeleton with an efficiency comparable to that of the tertiary amino group and the ethylene acetal group.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemie Ingenieur Technik - CIT 56 (1984), S. 62-62 
    ISSN: 0009-286X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
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  • 10
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Reductive Cleavage of 2,2-Dialkyl-1,3-benzodioxole Derivatives with Diisobutylaluminium Hydride. Synthesis of a [2]-Catenane having a 22-Membered MacroheterocycleThe reductive cleavage of the title compounds 1 with diisobutylaluminium hydride in refluxing benzene or toluene affords, after hydrolysis, pyrocatechol derivatives 8 and a mixture of alkenes 6 and alkanes 7. When the reaction is performed at room temperature, the pyrocatechol monoalkyl ethers 4 are obtained after hydrolysis. Starting from the precatenane 9, the catenane 12 having a 22-membered macroheterocycle is synthesised in a reaction sequence of several steps.
    Notes: Die reduktive Spaltung der Titelverbindungen 1 mit DIBAH in siedendem Benzol oder Toluol ergibt nach Hydrolyse Brenzcatechin-Derivate 8 und ein Gemisch von Alkenen 6 und Alkanen 7. Die Reaktionsführung bei Raumtemperatur ergibt Brenzcatechin-monoalkylether 4. Ausgehend von dem Praecatenan 9 wird in einer mehrstufigen Reaktionsfolge das Catenan 12 mit einem 22-gliedrigen Makroheterocyclus synthetisiert.
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