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  • 1
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    Structural variability within the Kane Oceanic Core Complex from full waveform inversion and reverse time migration of streamer data (2020)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-26
    Description: Author Posting. © American Geophysical Union, 2020. This article is posted here by permission of American Geophysical Union for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Geophysical Research Letters 47(7), (2020): e2020GL087405, doi:10.1029/2020GL087405.
    Description: The origin and distribution of the gabbroic bodies provide crucial information to understand the formation and evolution processes of the oceanic core complexes (OCCs). Nevertheless, images of the shape of the gabbroic bodies across the domes and gabbroic intrusion into the mantle have remained elusive. High‐resolution acoustic early‐arrival full waveform inversion tomography models obtained along and across the Kane OCC characterize the detailed lateral variability in structure and composition of the upper ~2 km of this well‐developed OCC. Reverse time migration images show the gabbroic plutons embedded in mantle rocks are seismically transparent, while more reflective sections correspond to the layered magmatic crust. Lithological interpretation shows heterogeneous distribution of gabbroic bodies within the Kane OCC, indicating strong spatial and temporal variability in magmatism during fault exhumation. Our results will also be of high value for future scientific ocean drilling efforts in the area.
    Description: Seismic data acquisition was funded by NSF Grant OCE99‐87004. Data files can be obtained from Interdisciplinary Earth Data Alliance (IEDA) (https://doi.org/10.1594/IEDA/314508) (Tucholke & Collins, 2014). The velocity models and migrated seismic sections shown in the paper are freely available for download from 4TU. Centre for Research Data (doi:10.4121/uuid:3ef55160-4a5a-4d1a-b734-fe2b8d2871ae). Full waveform inversion was performed with the software TomoPlus (GeoTomo LLC) licensed to SCSIO. This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41676044 and 91858207) and Special Foundation for National Science and Technology Basic Research Program of China (2018FY100505). M. X. acknowledges supports from Guangdong NSF research team project (2017A030312002), K. C. Wong Education Foundation (GJTD‐2018‐13), Key Special Project for Introduced Talents Team of Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (GML2019ZD0205), and the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDA13010105). J. P. C. acknowledges support from the Independent Research and Development Program at WHOI. J. P. Wang and X. R. Mu from China University of Petroleum are thanked for helping with the RTM setup.
    Description: 2020-09-28
    Keywords: Oceanic core complex ; Detachment faulting ; Seismic structure ; Full waveform inversion ; Reverse time migration ; Lithology
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
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  • 2
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    Deep outer-rise faults in the Southern Mariana Subduction Zone indicated by a machine-learning-based high-resolution earthquake catalog (2022)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-12-06
    Description: Author Posting. © American Geophysical Union, 2022. This article is posted here by permission of American Geophysical Union for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Geophysical Research Letters 49(12), (2022): e2022GL097779, https://doi.org/10.1029/2022GL097779.
    Description: Outer-rise faults are predominantly concentrated near ocean trenches due to subducted plate bending. These faults play crucial roles in the hydration of subducted plates and the consequent subducting processes. However, it has not yet been possible to develop high-resolution structures of outer-rise faults due to the lack of near-field observations. In this study we deployed an ocean bottom seismometer (OBS) network near the Challenger Deep in the Southernmost Mariana Trench, between December 2016 and June 2017, covering both the overriding and subducting plates. We applied a machine-learning phase detector (EQTransformer) to the OBS data and found more than 1,975 earthquakes. An identified outer-rise event cluster revealed an outer-rise fault penetrating to depths of 50 km, which was inferred as a normal fault based on the extensional depth from tomographic images in the region, shedding new lights on water input at the southmost Mariana subduction zone.
    Description: This study is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 91858207, 92158205, 41890813), Hong Kong Research Grant Council Grants (No. 14304820), Award from CORE (a joint research center for ocean research between QNLM and HKUST), Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nos. Y4SL021001, QYZDY-SSW-DQC005), and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou) (No. GML2019ZD0205), Faculty of Science at CUHK.
    Description: 2022-12-06
    Keywords: Outer-rise fault ; Mariana Subduction Zone ; EQTransformer ; Ocean bottom seismometer
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
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  • 3
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    Upper mantle hydration indicated by decreased shear velocity near the Southern Mariana Trench from Rayleigh wave tomography (2021)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-27
    Description: Author Posting. © American Geophysical Union, 2021. This article is posted here by permission of American Geophysical Union for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Geophysical Research Letters 48(15), (2021): e2021GL093309, https://doi.org/10.1029/2021GL093309.
    Description: Reduction of seismic velocities has been employed to study the hydration of incoming plates and forearc mantle in recent years. However, few constraints have been obtained in the Southern Mariana Trench. We use an ocean bottom seismograph (OBS) deployment to conduct Rayleigh wave tomographic studies to derive the SV-wave velocity structure near the Southern Mariana Trench. Measured group and phase velocities as a function of period are inverted to determine the SV-wave velocity using a Bayesian Monte Carlo algorithm. The incoming Pacific Plate is characterized by low velocities (3.6–4.1 km/s) within the upper ∼25 km of the mantle near the trench, indicating extensive mantle hydration of the incoming plate in southern Mariana. The velocity reduction in the forearc mantle is not as large as in central Mariana, most likely indicating a lower forearc serpentinization in this region, which is consistent with the absence of serpentinite mud volcanoes.
    Description: This study is supported by the Hong Kong Research Grant Council Grants (No. 14304820), National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 91858207, 41890813, and 91628301), Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nos. Y4SL021001, QYZDY-SSW-DQC005, 133244KYSB20180029, and COMS2019Q10), and National Key R&D Program of China (Nos. 2018YFC0309800, 2018YFC0310105, and 2018YFC0308003), Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou) (No. GML2019ZD0205), Faculty of Science at CUHK.
    Description: 2022-01-26
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
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  • 4
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    Impacts of Indian Ocean Dipole–Like SST on Rice Yield Anomalies in Jiangsu Province (2021)
    In:  EPIC3Frontiers in Earth Science, 8, ISSN: 2296-6463
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-07-25
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 5
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    Effects of hotspot‐induced long‐wavelength mantle melting variations on magmatic segmentation at the Reykjanes Ridge: insights from 3D geodynamic modeling (2022)
    American Geophysical Union
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-07-19
    Description: Author Posting. © American Geophysical Union, 20222. This article is posted here by permission of American Geophysical Union for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth 127(3), (2022): e2021JB023244, https://doi.org/10.1029/2021jb023244.
    Description: Spatial variations in mantle melting induced by the Iceland hotspot have strong effects on meso-scale mantle upwelling and crustal production along the slow-spreading Reykjanes Ridge. The ridge-hotspot interaction has been recorded by diachronous V-shaped ridges and troughs extending away from Iceland, as well as by changes in ridge segmentation since 37 Ma. The origins of V-shaped structures are widely debated, while the causes of the gradual erasion of ridge segments bounded by transform faults are rarely investigated. Through 3D time-dependent geodynamic modeling, this study investigates how the hotspot-induced regional mantle melting variations affect ridge segmentation. Periodic temperature perturbations were initially imposed beneath the melting zone to trigger buoyant upwelling cells, which corresponded to the offset ridge segments at the Reykjanes Ridge. Iceland hotspot-induced long-wavelength mantle melting variations were generated by applying a regional linear temperature gradient at the bottom of the model domain. Modeling reveals a two-stage evolution of the buoyant upwelling cells that characterizes the segmentation transition at the Reykjanes Ridge. In Stage 1, the regional mantle melting variations trigger along-axis pressure-driven mantle flow, which alters the segment-scale mantle upwelling and promotes the propagation of segment boundaries away from the region with relatively higher mantle temperature. In Stage 2, buoyant upwelling cells are destroyed progressively as along-axis mantle flow dominants, leaving V-shaped diachronous boundaries between the segmented and unsegmented crust. These results advance our understanding of the effects of long-wavelength mantle melting variations induced by regional mantle heterogeneities on ridge segment evolution at slow-spreading ridges.
    Description: This work was supported by Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou) (GML2019ZD0205); the National Science Foundation of China (41890813, 41976066, 91858207, 41976064, and 91628301); the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Y4SL021001, QYZDY-SSW-DQC005, 133244KYSB20180029, 131551KYSB20200021 and ISEE2021PY03); the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation (2021A1515012227); the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2018YFC0309800 and 2018YFC0310105), and the Hainan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (421QN381). We thank the Computational Infrastructure for Geodynamics (geodynamics.org) which is funded by the National Science Foundation (EAR-0949446 and EAR-1550901) for supporting the development of ASPECT (https://geodynamics.org/cig/software/aspect/). The numerical simulation is supported by the High-Performance Computing Division in the South China Sea Institute of Oceanology. Figures were drawn using the GMT software of Wessel and Smith (1998).
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
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