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  • Data  (5)
  • 2010-2014  (5)
  • 2014  (5)
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  • 2010-2014  (5)
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  • 1
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    Combined effects of different CO2 levels and N sources on the diazotrophic cyanobacterium Trichodesmium (2014)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Eichner, Meri; Kranz, Sven A; Rost, Björn (2014): Combined effects of different CO2 levels and N sources on the diazotrophic cyanobacterium Trichodesmium. Physiologia Plantarum, 152(2), 316-330, https://doi.org/10.1111/ppl.12172
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-15
    Description: To predict effects of climate change and possible feedbacks, it is crucial to understand the mechanisms behind CO2 responses of biogeochemically relevant phytoplankton species. Previous experiments on the abundant N2 fixers Trichodesmium demonstrated strong CO2 responses, which were attributed to an energy reallocation between its carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) acquisition. Pursuing this hypothesis, we manipulated the cellular energy budget by growing Trichodesmium erythraeum IMS101 under different CO2 partial pressure (pCO2) levels (180, 380, 980 and 1400?µatm) and N sources (N2 and NO3-). Subsequently, biomass production and the main energy-generating processes (photosynthesis and respiration) and energy-consuming processes (N2 fixation and C acquisition) were measured. While oxygen fluxes and chlorophyll fluorescence indicated that energy generation and its diurnal cycle was neither affected by pCO2 nor N source, cells differed in production rates and composition. Elevated pCO2 increased N2 fixation and organic C and N contents. The degree of stimulation was higher for nitrogenase activity than for cell contents, indicating a pCO2 effect on the transfer efficiency from N2 to biomass. pCO2-dependent changes in the diurnal cycle of N2 fixation correlated well with C affinities, confirming the interactions between N and C acquisition. Regarding effects of the N source, production rates were enhanced in NO3-grown cells, which we attribute to the higher N retention and lower ATP demand compared with N2 fixation. pCO2 effects on C affinity were less pronounced in NO3- users than N2 fixers. Our study illustrates the necessity to understand energy budgets and fluxes under different environmental conditions for explaining indirect effects of rising pCO2.
    Keywords: Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard deviation; Aragonite saturation state; Bacteria; Bicarbonate ion; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (〈20 L); Calcite saturation state; Calculated using CO2SYS; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, half saturation concentration; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, half saturation concentration, standard deviation; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, standard deviation; Carbon, organic, particulate, standard deviation; Carbon, organic, particulate/Nitrogen, organic, particulate ratio; Carbon, organic, particulate/Nitrogen, organic, particulate ratio, standard deviation; Carbon, organic, particulate per chlorophyll a; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Coulometric titration; Cyanobacteria; Effective absorbance cross-section of photosystem II; Effective absorbance cross-section of photosystem II, standard deviation; Figure; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Growth/Morphology; Growth rate; Growth rate, standard deviation; Identification; Irradiance; Laboratory experiment; Laboratory strains; Light:Dark cycle; Macro-nutrients; Maximum photochemical quantum yield of photosystem II; Maximum photochemical quantum yield of photosystem II, standard deviation; Net oxygen evolution, per chlorophyll a; Net oxygen evolution, per chlorophyll a, standard deviation; Nitrogen, organic, particulate, standard deviation; Nitrogen, organic, particulate per chlorophyll a; Nitrogen fixation rate per chlorophyll a; Not applicable; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Other metabolic rates; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide, standard deviation; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Particulate organic carbon, production, standard deviation; Particulate organic carbon production, per chlorophyll a; Particulate organic nitrogen production, per chlorophyll a; Particulate organic nitrogen production, standard deviation; Pelagos; pH; pH, standard deviation; Phytoplankton; Potentiometric; Potentiometric titration; Primary production/Photosynthesis; Re-oxidation time of the Qa acceptor; Re-oxidation time of the Qa acceptor, standard deviation; Respiration; Salinity; Single species; Species; Temperature, water; Time in hours; Time point, descriptive; Treatment; Trichodesmium erythraeum
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1523 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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  • 2
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    Diversity of ocean acidification effects on marine N2 fixers (2014)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Eichner, Meri; Rost, Björn; Kranz, Sven A (2014): Diversity of ocean acidification effects on marine N2 fixers. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 457, 199-207, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jembe.2014.04.015
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-15
    Description: Considering the important role of N2 fixation for primary productivity and CO2 sequestration, it is crucial to assess the response of diazotrophs to ocean acidification. Previous studies on the genus Trichodesmium suggested a strong sensitivity towards ocean acidification. In view of the large functional diversity in N2 fixers, the objective of this study was to improve our knowledge of the CO2 responses of other diazotrophs. To this end, the single-celled Cyanothece sp. and two heterocystous species, Nodularia spumigena and the symbiotic Calothrix rhizosoleniae, were acclimated to two pCO2 levels (380 vs. 980 µatm). Growth rates, cellular composition (carbon, nitrogen and chlorophyll a) as well as carbon and N2 fixation rates (14C incorporation, acetylene reduction) were measured and compared to literature data on different N2 fixers. The three species investigated in this study responded differently to elevated pCO2, showing enhanced, decreased as well as unaltered growth and production rates. For instance, Cyanothece increased production rates with pCO2, which is in line with the general view that N2 fixers benefit from ocean acidification. Due to lowered growth and production of Nodularia, nitrogen input to the Baltic Sea might decrease in the future. In Calothrix, no significant changes in growth or production could be observed, even though N2 fixation was stimulated under elevated pCO2. Reviewing literature data confirmed a large variability in CO2 sensitivity across diazotrophs. The contrasting response patterns in our and previous studies were discussed with regard to the carbonate chemistry in the respective natural habitats, the mode of N2 fixation as well as differences in cellular energy limitation between the species. The group-specific CO2 sensitivities will impact differently on future biogeochemical cycles of open-ocean environments and systems like the Baltic Sea and should therefore be considered in models estimating climate feedback effects.
    Keywords: Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard deviation; Aragonite saturation state; Bacteria; Bicarbonate ion; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (〈20 L); Calcite saturation state; Calculated using CO2SYS; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Calothrix rhizosoleniae; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, standard deviation; Carbon, organic, particulate/Nitrogen, organic, particulate ratio; Carbon, organic, particulate/Nitrogen, organic, particulate ratio, standard deviation; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Carbon fixation rate, per chlorophyll a; Carbon fixation rate, per chlorophyll a, standard deviation; Chlorophyll a, standard deviation; Chlorophyll a per cell; Coulometric titration; Cyanobacteria; Cyanothece sp.; Ethene production, per chlorophyll a; Ethene production per cell; Ethene production standard deviation; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Growth/Morphology; Growth rate; Growth rate, standard deviation; Irradiance; Laboratory experiment; Laboratory strains; Nodularia spumigena; Not applicable; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Other metabolic rates; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide, standard deviation; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Particulate organic carbon, per cell; Particulate organic carbon, production, standard deviation; Particulate organic carbon content per cell, standard deviation; Particulate organic carbon production, per chlorophyll a; Particulate organic nitrogen per cell; Particulate organic nitrogen per cell, standard deviation; Particulate organic nitrogen production, per chlorophyll a; Particulate organic nitrogen production, standard deviation; Pelagos; pH; pH, standard deviation; Phytoplankton; Potentiometric; Potentiometric titration; Primary production/Photosynthesis; Salinity; Single species; Species; Temperature, water; Treatment
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 241 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 3
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    Photophysiological responses of Southern Ocean phytoplankton to changes in CO2 concentrations: Short-term versus acclimation effects (2014)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Trimborn, Scarlett; Thoms, Silke; Petrou, Katherina; Kranz, Sven A; Rost, Björn (2014): Photophysiological responses of Southern Ocean phytoplankton to changes in CO2 concentrations: Short-term versus acclimation effects. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 451, 44-54, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jembe.2013.11.001
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-15
    Description: The present study examines how different pCO2 acclimations affect the CO2- and light-dependence of photophysiological processes and O2 fluxes in four Southern Ocean (SO) key phytoplankton species. We grew Chaetoceros debilis (Cleve), Pseudo-nitzschia subcurvata (Hasle), Fragilariopsis kerguelensis (O'Meara) and Phaeocystis antarctica (Karsten) under low (160 µatm) and high (1000 ?atm) pCO2. The CO2- and light-dependence of fluorescence parameters of photosystem II (PSII) were determined by means of a fluorescence induction relaxation system (FIRe). In all tested species, nonphotochemical quenching (NPQ) is the primary photoprotection strategy in response to short-term exposure to high light or low CO2 concentrations. In C. debilis and P. subcurvata, PSII connectivity (p) and functional absorption cross-sections of PSII in ambient light (sigma PSII') also contributed to photoprotection while changes in re-oxidation times of Qa acceptor (tQa) were more significant in F. kerguelensis. The latter was also the only species being responsive to high acclimation pCO2, as these cells had enhanced relative electron transport rates (rETRs) and sigma PSII' while tQa and p were reduced under short-term exposure to high irradiance. Low CO2-acclimated cells of F. kerguelensis and all pCO2 acclimations of C. debilis and P. subcurvata showed dynamic photoinhibition with increasing irradiance. To test for the role and presence of the Mehler reaction in C. debilis and P. subcurvata, the light-dependence of O2 fluxes was estimated using membrane inlet mass spectrometry (MIMS). Our results show that the Mehler reaction is absent in both species under the tested conditions. We also observed that dark respiration was strongly reduced under high pCO2 in C. debilis while it remained unaltered in P. subcurvata. Our study revealed species-specific differences in the photophysiological responses to pCO2, both on the acclimation as well as the short-term level.
    Keywords: Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard deviation; Antarctic; Aragonite saturation state; Bicarbonate ion; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (〈20 L); Calcite saturation state; Calculated using CO2SYS; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, standard deviation; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Carbon dioxide, standard deviation; Chaetoceros debilis; Chromista; Connectivity between photosystem II; Connectivity between photosystem II, standard deviation; Effective absorbance cross-section of photosystem II; Effective quantum yield; Electron transport rate, relative; Figure; Fragilariopsis kerguelensis; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Gross oxygen evolution, per chlorophyll a; Gross oxygen evolution, standard deviation; Haptophyta; Irradiance; Laboratory experiment; Laboratory strains; Net oxygen evolution, per chlorophyll a; Net oxygen evolution, per chlorophyll a, standard deviation; Non photochemical quenching; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Ochrophyta; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide, standard deviation; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Pelagos; pH; pH, standard deviation; Phaeocystis antarctica; Phytoplankton; Potentiometric; Potentiometric titration; Primary production/Photosynthesis; Priority Programme 1158 Antarctic Research with Comparable Investigations in Arctic Sea Ice Areas; Pseudo-nitzschia subcurvata; Re-oxidation time of the Qa acceptor; Re-oxidation time of the Qa acceptor, standard deviation; Respiration; Respiration rate, oxygen; Respiration rate, oxygen, standard deviation; Salinity; Single species; Species; SPP1158; Table; Temperature, water; Treatment
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 36257 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 4
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    Impact of elevated pCO2 on paralytic shellfish poisoning toxin content and composition in Alexandrium tamarense (2014)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Van de Waal, Dedmer B; Eberlein, Tim; John, Uwe; Wohlrab, Sylke; Rost, Björn (2014): Impact of elevated pCO2 on paralytic shellfish poisoning toxin content and composition in Alexandrium tamarense. Toxicon, 78, 58-67, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxicon.2013.11.011
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-27
    Description: Ocean acidification is considered a major threat to marine ecosystems and may particularly affect primary producers. Here we investigated the impact of elevated pCO2 on paralytic shellfish poisoning toxin (PST) content and composition in two strains of Alexandrium tamarense, Alex5 and Alex2. Experiments were carried out as dilute batch to keep carbonate chemistry unaltered over time. We observed only minor changes with respect to growth and elemental composition in response to elevated pCO2. For both strains, the cellular PST content, and in particular the associated cellular toxicity, was lower in the high CO2 treatments. In addition, Alex5 showed a shift in its PST composition from a nonsulfated analogue towards less toxic sulfated analogues with increasing pCO2. Transcriptomic analyses suggest that the ability of A. tamarense to maintain cellular homeostasis is predominantly regulated on the post-translational level rather than on the transcriptomic level. Furthermore, genes associated to secondary metabolite and amino acid metabolism in Alex5 were down-regulated in the high CO2 treatment, which may explain the lower PST content. Elevated pCO2 also induced up-regulation of a putative sulfotransferase sxtN homologue and a substantial down-regulation of several sulfatases. Such changes in sulfur metabolism may explain the shift in PST composition towards more sulfated analogues. All in all, our results indicate that elevated pCO2 will have minor consequences for growth and elemental composition, but may potentially reduce the cellular toxicity of A. tamarense.
    Keywords: Alexandrium tamarense; Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard deviation; Aragonite saturation state; Bicarbonate ion; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (〈20 L); Calcite saturation state; Calculated using CO2SYS; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, standard deviation; Carbon, organic, particulate, per cell; Carbon, organic, particulate, production per cell; Carbon, organic, particulate, standard deviation; Carbon/Nitrogen ratio; Carbon/Nitrogen ratio, standard deviation; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Category; Cell density; Cellular paralytic shellfish toxin, total; Cellular paralytic shellfish toxin, total, standard deviation; Chromista; Coulometric titration; Di-sulfated toxins C1+C2; Di-sulfated toxins C1+C2, standard deviation; Figure; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Gene abundance; Gene expression (incl. proteomics); Gonyautoxins 1/4; Gonyautoxins 1/4, standard deviation; Gonyautoxins 2/3; Gonyautoxins 2/3, standard deviation; Growth/Morphology; Growth rate; Growth rate, standard deviation; Immunology/Self-protection; Laboratory experiment; Laboratory strains; Myzozoa; Neosaxitoxin; Neosaxitoxin, standard deviation; Neurotoxin saxitoxin; Neurotoxin saxitoxin, standard deviation; Nitrogen, organic, particulate, per cell; Nitrogen, organic, particulate, standard deviation; Not applicable; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide, standard deviation; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Particulate organic carbon, production, standard deviation; Pelagos; pH; pH, standard deviation; Phosphate; Phytoplankton; Potentiometric; Potentiometric titration; Primary production/Photosynthesis; Salinity; Single species; Species; Strain; Table; Temperature, water; Time in days; Toxicity, cellular; Toxicity, cellular, standard deviation
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 6500 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 5
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    Strong shift from HCO3- to CO2 uptake in Emiliania huxleyi with acidification: new approach unravels acclimation versus short-term pH effects (2014)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Kottmeier, Dorothee; Rokitta, Sebastian D; Tortell, Philippe Daniel; Rost, Björn (2014): Strong shift from HCO3- to CO2 uptake in Emiliania huxleyi with acidification: new approach unravels acclimation versus short-term pH effects. Photosynthesis Research, 121(2-3), 265-275, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11120-014-9984-9
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-27
    Description: Effects of ocean acidification on Emiliania huxleyi strain RCC 1216 (calcifying, diploid life-cycle stage) and RCC 1217 (non-calcifying, haploid life-cycle stage) were investigated by measuring growth, elemental composition, and production rates under different pCO2 levels (380 and 950 µatm). In these differently acclimated cells, the photosynthetic carbon source was assessed by a (14)C disequilibrium assay, conducted over a range of ecologically relevant pH values (7.9-8.7). In agreement with previous studies, we observed decreased calcification and stimulated biomass production in diploid cells under high pCO2, but no CO2-dependent changes in biomass production for haploid cells. In both life-cycle stages, the relative contributions of CO2 and HCO3 (-) uptake depended strongly on the assay pH. At pH values =〈 8.1, cells preferentially used CO2 (〉= 90 % CO2), whereas at pH values 〉= 8.3, cells progressively increased the fraction of HCO3 (-) uptake (~45 % CO2 at pH 8.7 in diploid cells; ~55 % CO2 at pH 8.5 in haploid cells). In contrast to the short-term effect of the assay pH, the pCO2 acclimation history had no significant effect on the carbon uptake behavior. A numerical sensitivity study confirmed that the pH-modification in the (14)C disequilibrium method yields reliable results, provided that model parameters (e.g., pH, temperature) are kept within typical measurement uncertainties. Our results demonstrate a high plasticity of E. huxleyi to rapidly adjust carbon acquisition to the external carbon supply and/or pH, and provide an explanation for the paradoxical observation of high CO2 sensitivity despite the apparently high HCO3 (-) usage seen in previous studies.
    Keywords: Alkalinity, total; Aragonite saturation state; Bicarbonate ion; Biomass/Abundance/Elemental composition; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (〈20 L); Calcite saturation state; Calculated using CO2SYS; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbon, organic, particulate, per cell; Carbon, total, particulate, per cell; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Carbon dioxide usage fraction; Chlorophyll a per cell; Chromista; Emiliania huxleyi; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Growth/Morphology; Growth rate; Haptophyta; Irradiance; Laboratory experiment; Laboratory strains; Light:Dark cycle; Nitrogen, organic, particulate, per cell; North Atlantic; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Other metabolic rates; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Pelagos; pH; Phosphate; Phytoplankton; Potentiometric; Potentiometric titration; Pressure, water; Salinity; Silicate; Single species; Species; Strain; Temperature, water; Treatment
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 548 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
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