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  • AGU (American Geophysical Union)  (4)
  • Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme (AMAP)
  • 2015-2019  (2)
  • 2005-2009  (2)
  • 2016  (2)
  • 2007  (2)
Document type
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  • 2015-2019  (2)
  • 2005-2009  (2)
Year
  • 1
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    Variability and trends in Southern Ocean eddy activity in 1/12° ocean model simulations (2016)
    AGU (American Geophysical Union) | Wiley
    In:  Geophysical Research Letters, 43 . pp. 4517-4523.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-02-26
    Description: The response of eddy kinetic energy (EKE) to the strengthening of Southern Hemisphere winds occurring since the 1950s is investigated with a global ocean model having a resolution of 1/12° in the Antarctic Circumpolar Current domain. The simulations expose regional differences in the relative importance of stochastic and wind-related contributions to inter-annual EKE changes. In the Pacific and Indian sectors the model captures the EKE variability observed since 1993 and confirms previous hypotheses of a lagged response to regional wind stress anomalies. Here, the multi-decadal trend in wind stress is reflected in an increase in EKE typically exceeding 5 cm2 sec-2 decade-1. In the western Atlantic EKE variability is mostly stochastic, is weakly correlated with wind fluctuations, and its multi-decadal trends are close to zero. The non-uniform distribution of wind-related changes in the eddy activity could affect the regional patterns of ocean circulation and biogeochemical responses to future climate change.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    Format: text
    Format: video
    Format: video
    DOI: 10.1002/2016GL069026
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 2
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    Designing variable ocean model resolution based on the observed ocean variability (2016)
    AGU (American Geophysical Union) | Wiley
    In:  Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, 8 (2). pp. 904-916.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Description: If unstructured meshes are refined to locally represent eddy dynamics in ocean circulation models, a practical question arises on how to vary the resolution and where to deploy the refinement. We propose to use the observed sea surface height variability as the refinement criterion. We explore the utility of this method (i) in a suite of idealized experiments simulating a wind-driven double gyre flow in a stratified circular basin and (ii) in simulations of global ocean circulation performed with FESOM. Two practical approaches of mesh refinement are compared. In the first approach the uniform refinement is confined within the areas where the observed variability exceeds a given threshold. In the second one the refinement varies linearly following the observed variability. The resolution is fixed in time. For the double gyre case it is shown that the variability obtained in a high-resolution reference run can be well captured on variable-resolution meshes if they are refined where the variability is high and additionally upstream the jet separation point. The second approach of mesh refinement proves to be more beneficial in terms of improvement downstream the midlatitude jet. Similarly, in global ocean simulations the mesh refinement based on the observed variability helps the model to simulate high variability at correct locations. The refinement also leads to a reduced bias in the upper-ocean temperature
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed , info:eu-repo/semantics/article
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1002/2016MS000650
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 3
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    Uptake and spreading of anthropogenic trace gases in a eddy-permitting model of the Atlantic Ocean (2007)
    AGU (American Geophysical Union)
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 112 . C09017.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-04-19
    Description: An eddy-permitting circulation model of the Atlantic Ocean was used to study the effect of mesoscale processes on the uptake and spreading of anthropogenic CO2 and CFC-11. A comparison with a coarser-resolution model version shows anthropogenic tracer distributions with qualitatively similar patterns, but much more structure (e.g., stronger longitudinal gradients) in the eddy-permitting model, improving the agreement with observations. The better representation of the formation of water masses such as subpolar-mode water in the eddy-permitting model has an influence on the distribution of anthropogenic CO2 over density classes, but no influence on the total inventory taken up. In the subpolar Atlantic, the air-sea flux of CFC-11 is dominated by deep-water formation, while the air-sea flux of anthropogenic CO2 extends over a larger part of the subpolar gyre and has a clear association with North Atlantic surface currents. An in-depth analysis of the mechanisms shaping this distribution showed that the entrainment of water from below into the mixed layer determines the structure in the subpolar North Atlantic, whereas the temporal correlation between surface heat fluxes and mixed-layer depth is more important in the subtropical gyre. The northward, integrated heat and anthropogenic CO2 transports in midlatitudes are closely correlated on seasonal to interannual timescales. This has implications for using the ongoing monitoring arrays of the thermohaline circulation for estimation of the transport of anthropogenic CO2.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1029/2006JC003966
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 4
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    Decadal to Multidecadal Variability of the Atlantic MOC: Mechanisms and Predictability (2007)
    AGU (American Geophysical Union)
    In:  In: Ocean Circulation: Mechanisms and Impacts - Past and Future Changes of the Ocean's Meridional Overturning. , ed. by Schmittner, A., Chiang, J. and Hemming, S. AGU Monograph, 173 . AGU (American Geophysical Union), Washington D.C., pp. 149-166. ISBN 978-0-87590-438-2
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-07-28
    Description: The dynamics and predictability of the decadal to multidecadal Atlantic merid­ional overturning circulation (MOC) variability are described from observations and models. The investigation focuses on two modes that involve the MOC: One mode exhibits a quasi-decadal period, while the other is multidecadal. The two modes have completely different underlying dynamics, which is reflected in their rather different spatial characteristics. While the quasi-decadal mode represents a damped mode of the coupled ocean-atmosphere system, the multidecadal mode can be basically understood as the MOC response to the multidecadal forcing by the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). "Perfect model" predictability studies indicate a rather high predictability potential of the MOC variability on decadal timescales. Variations of the MOC are associated with variations in the meridional heat trans­port that drive sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies. SST anomalies in the North Atlantic thus exhibit a similar decadal predictability potential as the MOC. The decadal predictability carries over to the atmosphere. The probability density function of European surface air temperature anomalies, for instance, changes sig­nificantly with the state of the MOC. A reconstruction of the MOC for the 20th cen­tury from observed SSTs shows considerable variability on decadal timescales, but no strong sustained long-term trend. Furthermore, an assessment of the observed hydrographical changes in the Nordic Seas, with the aid of ocean general circula­tion model experiments and the analysis of recent scenario integrations with global climate models, indicates that the expected anthropogenic weakening of the MOC may not exceed the level of the internal variability within the next decades.
    Type: Book chapter , NonPeerReviewed
    Format: text
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    OceanRep: Book chapter
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