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  • 2000-2004  (10)
  • 2003  (5)
  • 2001  (5)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    MONARCH - Entwicklung und Modellierung einer neuen Testerarchitektur : Abschlußbericht Fördervorhaben MONARCH ; Laufzeit des Vorhabens/Berichtszeitraum: 01.11.2001 - 31.03.2003 (2003)
    Heilbronn : ATMEL Germany GmbH
    Details Availability
    Keywords: Forschungsbericht
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: Online-Ressource (18 p. = 129 KB) , graphs
    URL: https://edocs.tib.eu/files/e01fb04/39399564X.pdf
    URL: https://doi.org/10.2314/GBV:39399564X
    URL: https://edocs.tib.eu/files/e01fb04/39399564Xl.pdf
    DOI: 10.2314/GBV:39399564X
    Language: German
    Note: Contract BMBF 01M3057A. - Joint project no. 01021089 , Differences between the printed and electronic version of the document are possible , Also available as printed version , Systemvoraussetzungen: Acrobat reader.
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    GEOMAR CATALOGUE
    Link to Library Catalog
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Robotic Surgery Using Zeus™ MicroWrist™ Technology (2003)
    350 Main Street , Malden , MA 02148 , USA. , and 9600 Garsington Road , Oxford OX4 2DQ , UK . : Blackwell Science Inc
    Journal of cardiac surgery 18 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1540-8191
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background: The use of computer-animated surgical instruments for various cardiac operations has been shown to be feasible, but to date, the available information regarding the operative and technical details of these procedures is still inadequate. Methods: We used the Zeus™ (Computer Motion Inc., Goleta, Calif, USA) telemanipulation system to perform the internal mammary artery (IMA) takedown in 56 patients, in 12 of whom we used the newest model with MicroWrist™ (Computer Motion Inc., Goleta, Calif, USA) technology. Port orientation was based on thoracic anatomy, the decisive landmarks being the mammillary line and the axillary line. The distance between ports was at least 9 cm, and the patient's arm was positioned with the left shoulder raised and angulated by not more than 90 degrees. Results: Mean setup time was 44 ± 18 minutes for the first five patients and 16 ± 7 minutes for the last five patients, with an overall average of 24 ± 12 minutes. IMA harvest time at the beginning reached a mean of 95 ± 23 minutes and decreased to 44 ± 18 minutes in the last five cases. Average IMA takedown time was 58 ± 17 minutes. The IMA was patent with a good flow in all 56 patients. Conclusions: The introduction of robotic technology into clinical routine has resulted in safe procedures with a short learning curve. However, basic training in the modality is a must in order to achieve technical excellence. (J Card Surg 2003; 18:1-5)
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1540-8191.2003.01901.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
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    Unusual water mass advection affected Central Baltic key species 1: Sprat and the summer inflow (2003)
    In:  GLOBEC International Newsletter, 9 (2). pp. 27-28.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-09-23
    Type: Article , NonPeerReviewed
    Format: text
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - without review
  • 4
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    The importance of water storage variations for water balance studies of the Baltic Sea (2001)
    Elsevier
    In:  Physics and Chemistry of The Earth Part B-Hydrology Oceans and Atmosphere, 26 (5-6). pp. 383-389.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-09-23
    Description: The closing of the water and energy cycle of the Baltic Sea is one of the main aims of BALTEX (Baltic Sea Experiment), which particularily focuses on the exploration, modelling and quantification of the various processes determining the space and time variability of the energy and water budget. On the long-term mean the water budget of the Baltic Sea is determined by river runoff, net precipitation (precipitation minus evaporation) and the in- and outflows through the Baltic Sea entrance area, assuming that the mean sea level remains constant, i.e. the ability of the Baltic Sea to store a huge amount of water is averaged out over the long-term period. For shorter periods, the water storage which can be expressed by the mean sea level plays an important role on the water budget. The objective of the present study is to investigate the variability of the water storage of the Baltic Sea and relate its fluctuations to the different components of the water balance equation. The anomaly of the mean sea level of the Baltic Sea shows a well pronounced seasonal cycle, with negative values between the end of February to the end of June (minimum in the middle of May), and positive anomalies from July to mid-February (maximum in January). There is a high correlation between the mean sea level expressed by the Landsort tide gauge and the local atmospheric conditions over the Baltic Sea. The annual course of the total water balance is controlled by the local atmospheric conditions with the net fresh-water inflow only controls the general outflow conditions. Sea level, precipitation and river runoff have been obtained from observations provided by the SMHI. For the in- and outflow through the entrance area of the Baltic Sea and evaporation over the open ocean, coupled sea ice-ocean model simulations for a 10-years period have been utilized.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1016/S1464-1909(01)00023-5
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 5
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    Effects of remote and local atmospheric forcing on the circulation and upwelling in the Baltic Sea (2001)
    Taylor & Francis
    In:  Tellus A: Dynamic meteorology and oceanography, 54 (3). pp. 299-316.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-09-23
    Description: Due to the ephemeral nature of the atmospheric conditions over the Baltic Sea, the flow field is highly variable, and thus, changes in the resulting circulation and upwelling are difficult to observe. However, three-dimensional models, forced by realistic atmospheric conditions and river runoff, have reached such a state of accuracy that the highly fluctuating current field and the associated evolution of the temperature and salinity field can be described. In this work, effects of remote and local atmospheric forcing on circulation and upwelling in the Baltic Sea are investigated. Changes in the characteristics of the large-scale atmospheric wind field over the central and eastern North Atlantic can be described by the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). The NAO is related to the strength and geographical position of weather systems as they cross the North Atlantic and thus has a direct impact on the climate in Europe. To relate the local wind field over the Baltic Sea to the large-scale atmospheric circulation, we defined a Baltic Sea Index (BSI), which is the difference of normalised sea level pressures between Oslo in Norway and Szczecin in Poland. The NAO is significantly related to the BSI. Furthermore, the BSI is highly correlated with the storage variation of the Baltic Sea and the volume exchange through the Danish Sounds. Based on three-dimensional model calculations, it is shown that different phases of the NAO during winter result in major changes of horizontal transports in the deep basins of the Baltic Sea and in upwelling along the coasts as well as in the interior of the basins. During NAO+ phases, strong Ekman currents are produced with increased up- and downwelling along the coasts and associated coastal jets, whereas during NAO− phases, Ekman drift and upwelling are strongly reduced, and the flow field can almost entirely be described by the barotropic stream function. The general nature of the mean circulation in the deep basins of the Baltic Sea, obtained from a 10-yr model run, can be described by the depth integrated vorticity balance derived from the transport equation for variable depth.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1034/j.1600-0870.2002.00289.x
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 6
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    Long-term modelling of the Baltic Sea - Application of 3-D ocean models - In Long-Term Oceanographic modelling of the Baltic Sea (2001)
    Göteborg Universität, Earth Science Centre
    In:  Göteborg Universität, Earth Science Centre, Göteborg, 81 pp.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-03-31
    Type: Report , NonPeerReviewed
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    OceanRep: Report - other report
  • 7
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    Modelling the influences of atmospheric forcing conditions on Baltic cod early life stages: distribution and drift (2003)
    Elsevier
    In:  Journal of Sea Research, 49 . pp. 187-201.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-09-23
    Description: Retention or dispersion of larvae from the spawning ground has been identified as one of the key processes influencing recruitment success in fish stocks. An exercise combining 3-D hydrodynamic model simulations and field data on spatial distributions of juvenile Baltic cod was utilised to investigate the potential drift of larvae from the centre of main spawning effort in the Bornholm Basin, Baltic Sea. In the simulations cod larvae were represented as Lagrangian drifters. Habitats in which larvae and juvenile cod potentially dwell and where juveniles settle were identified to ascertain the importance of predicting transport. The transport of Baltic cod larvae was investigated by detailed drift model simulations for the years 1986 to 1999. The results yielded a clear dependency on wind-induced drift of larval cod, which is mainly controlled by the local atmospheric conditions over the Baltic Sea. Seasonally averaged distributions of drifters were compared with actual distributions of 0-group cod, as determined from bottom and pelagic trawl surveys conducted in autumn of the years 1993 to 2000 in and around the Bornholm Basin. The results suggest that juveniles caught in different areas can be assigned to different times of the spawning season. Because of seasonal differences in the circulation patterns, the southern coastal environment is on average most important for early and late spawners, whereas larvae hatching in mid-summer were on average transported towards the north or to a higher degree remained in the spawning ground.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1016/S1385-1101(03)00006-6
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 8
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    Dependency of larval fish survival on retention/dispersion in food limited environments: The Baltic Sea as a case study (2003)
    Wiley
    In:  Fisheries Oceanography, 12 . pp. 425-433.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-09-23
    Description: A three-dimensional hydrodynamic model has been used to analyse temporally and spatially resolved circulation patterns in the Baltic Sea with special emphasis on drifting particles representing larval fish. The main purpose of this study was (i) to investigate potential drift patterns of larval fish, (ii) to identify its intra- and inter-annual variability for time periods based on the timing of spawning and (iii) to analyse its seasonal and spatial variability in dependence of the atmospheric forcing conditions. For the time period 1979–1998 temporally and spatially resolved simulated flow fields were used to describe the potential drift from the centre of main reproductive effort of Baltic cod (Gadus morhua). The results of the model runs demonstrate a general change in circulation pattern from retention during a first decade (1979–1988) to dispersion in the following decade (1989–1998). This increase in dispersion was related to an increase in the variability of the local wind forcing conditions over the Baltic. The more frequent occurrence of dispersion in spring of the recent decade was accompanied by a strong decay in biomass of one of the main larval fish feeding component in the central basin, the calanoid copepod Pseudocalanus elongatus. Larger dispersion of this prey organism may have affected the spatial overlap and thus the contact rates between predator and prey. Hence, this may have resulted in a food limitation for early life stages of Baltic cod and potentially contributed to the pronounced shift in cod peak spawning time from spring to late summer. Early life stages of cod originating from late spawning fish, benefited from a stronger dispersion in late summer and autumn, into shallow coastal areas with higher calanoid abundance.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2419.2003.00246.x
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 9
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    The potential of the advective exchange between the western and eastern Baltic stock early life stages (2001)
    Wiley
    In:  Fisheries Oceanography, 10 . pp. 249-258.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-09-24
    Description: In order to clarify mechanisms influencing the reproductive success of Baltic cod (Gadus morhua L.), a modelling exercise was performed to examine the effects of the wind-driven circulation on the transport of early life stages between the western and eastern Baltic. Because the different stocks spawn in different areas and environments at different times of the year, the occurrence of variable age/length distributions of juveniles within the different potential nursery areas can be explained by the circulation pattern. A three-dimensional circulation model of the Baltic was utilized to investigate the temporal evolution of egg and larval distributions of the western Baltic cod stock, which spawns preferentially in the Danish Straits, in Kiel Bay as well as in Mecklenburg Bay. For different scenarios (1988 and 1993), within- and between-year variability of egg and larval transport showed large differences, primarily due to variations in wind forcing. In 1988, relatively low and variable wind forcing prevailed, whereas, due to sustained strong, mainly westerly, winds, in January 1993, the recent major Baltic inflow to the Baltic Sea occurred. Differences in contributions of early life stages from the western to the eastern cod stocks, depending on the physical forcing conditions, suggest that this process can be controlled by variations of atmospheric forcing conditions. The potential for early life stages from the western Baltic cod stock to drift into the Arkona Basin and the Bornholm Basin, and to contribute there to the juvenile population, has been recognized as being mainly due to strong westerly winds. During cold winters, retention of eggs, larvae and juveniles within their original spawning grounds may predominate. Transport of cod early life stages from the Øresund, as well as from the Great Belt, can occur only during periods of strong westerly winds, but significant eastwards orientated drift from Kiel Bay and Mecklenburg Bay was also evident during periods of minor westerly wind influence.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2419.2001.00173.x
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 10
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    The Baltic Sea Experiment (BALTEX): A European Contribution to the Investigation of the Energy and Water Cycle over a Large Drainage Basin (2001)
    AMS (American Meteorological Society)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-03-09
    Description: The Baltic Sea Experiment (BALTEX) is one of the five continental–scale experiments of the Global Energy and Water Cycle Experiment (GEWEX). More than 50 research groups from 14 European countries are participating in this project to measure and model the energy and water cycle over the large drainage basin of the Baltic Sea in northern Europe. BALTEX aims to provide a better understanding of the processes of the climate system and to improve and to validate the water cycle in regional numerical models for weather forecasting and climate studies. A major effort is undertaken to couple interactively the atmosphere with the vegetated continental surfaces and the Baltic Sea including its sea ice. The intensive observational and modeling phase BRIDGE, which is a contribution to the Coordinated Enhanced Observing Period of GEWEX, will provide enhanced datasets for the period October 1999–February 2002 to validate numerical models and satellite products. Major achievements have been obtained in an improved understanding of related exchange processes. For the first time an interactive atmosphere–ocean–land surface model for the Baltic Sea was tested. This paper reports on major activities and some results.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
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