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  • 2000-2004
  • 1990-1994  (12)
  • 1992  (5)
  • 1991  (7)
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  • 2000-2004
  • 1990-1994  (12)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 94 (1991), S. 1970-1975 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Collisions of excited 113Cd(5 3P1) atoms with various molecular gases (N2, H2, D2, CO, CO2, CH4, C2H6, C2H4, O2) have been investigated using atomic fluorescence spectroscopy. By selective excitation of a hyperfine structure level with a pulsed dye laser and studying the time dependence of the fluorescence signals as a function of the buffer gas density the cross sections for quenching, fine structure transfer, and hyperfine structure transfer could be obtained. For N2 molecules the collisions can be described by a decoupling model as has been shown previously for the noble gases as collision partners.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract In June and July 1984 phytoplankton distribution was investigated in the Fram Strait between Greenland and Svalbard. Chlorophylla, particulate organic carbon, nitrate and phytoplankton species composition were determined from six different depths in the upper 200 m of the water column. Multivariate analysis methods were applied to identify phytoplankton communities in relation to different hydrographic regimes. Three main domains could be distinguished in terms of both hydrography and biology: (1) the East Greenland shelf polynya with a high biomass mainly produced by chain-forming diatoms, (2) the ice-covered East Greenland Current with an extremely low standing stock dominated by flagellates and (3) the marginal ice zone with a biomass maximum in 20 to 40 m depth formed by diatoms, dinoflagellates andPhaeocystis pouchetii.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of orofacial orthopedics 53 (1992), S. 111-116 
    ISSN: 1615-6714
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The aim of the present in-vitro study was to evaluate the changes in pulp temperature associated with thermal debonding of ceramic brackets using the Ceramic Debonding Unit (Dentaurum). In addition, several forms of false usage were simulated. Instead of thermoelements, the non-contact infrared thermography device SST/THETA 1000 (Heimann) was employed for the dynamic measurement of pulp temperature. Successful debonding after a single activation resulted in a maximal temperature change of 3°C. These in vitro results indicate that the Ceramic Debonding Unit-properly applied—is gentle on the pulp tissue. If debonding fails, the increase in temperature is higher. The influence of differing bracket base morphologies and various resins on electrothermal debonding are discussed.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Ziel der vorliegenden In-vitro-Studie war es, die durch thermische Abnahme von Keramikbrackets mit der “Ceramic Debonding Unit” (Fa. Dentaurum) entstehenden Temperaturänderungen in der Pulpa zu untersuchen. Zusätzlich wurden verschiedene Formen der Fehlbedienung simuliert. Anstelle von Thermoelementen wurde erstmals das berührungsfrei arbeitende Infrarotthermografiegerät SST/THETA 1000 (Fa. Heimann) zur dynamischen Temperaturmessung in der Zahnpulpa eingesetzt. Es zeigte sich, daß eine erfolgreiche Bracketabnahme nach einfacher Aktivierung Temperaturveränderungen von maximal 3°C zur Folge hat. Insofern sprechen die gefundenen In-vitro-Ergebnisse dafür, daß die „Ceramic Debonding Unit” bei ordnungsgemäßem Einsatz ein pulpaschonendes Verfahren darstellt. Gelingt die Bracketabnahme nicht, so ist die Temperatursteigerung bei belassenem Widerstandsdraht größer. Der Einfluß unterschiedlicher Bracketbasenmorphologien sowie differiender Adhäsivkunststoffe auf das Thermodebonding werden diskutiert.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1573-7438
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Les resultats de l'analyse des données d'une enquête sur la peste bovine ont permis de proposer une stratégie de lutte contre cette maladie au Sud-Soudan. Les anticorps bovipestiques ont été recherchés par la technique standard du test de neutralisation du virus (VNT) sur des sérums provenant de 4074 prélèvements (47 p. 100) effectués sur 8565 têtes de bétail issues de plusieurs enquêtes avec recoupements dans 400 campements pastoraux de la province de Bahr el Ghazal au Sud-Soudan. 74 p. 100 des résultats ont été positifs; 22, 6p. 100 ont été négatifs. Les données ont fait l'objet d'un classement croisé en fonction de cinq variables: mode de gestion du troupeau, race, âge, sexe et région géographique (parcours pastoraux). Le niveau, en pourcentage, des anticorps positifs retenu comme moyen d'approximation entre l'expérience antérieure avec l'antigène bovipestique et l'estimation du taux d'incidence correspondant au risque relatif pour chaque variable, fait l'objet d'une discussion dans le contexte des caractéristiques communes de l'immunité contre la peste bovine pour les zones d'endémicité et les modes de gestion des troupeaux dans la zone étudiée. Les résultats suggèrent que les “points chauds” de tranmission et/ou les faibles taux d'immunité des troupeaux pourraient faire l'objet d'une carte comparative afin de concentrer les efforts de vaccination des veaux et des jeunes adultes pour maintenir le seuil élevé de positivité antigénique observé et interrompre la transmission permanente de la maladie.
    Abstract: Resumen Se utilizaron los resultados del análisis de la información base de un reconocimiento epidemiológico de rinderpest, para proponer una estratégia de vacunación contra la enfermedad en el Sur de Sudán. Se analizaron 4074 (47%) sueros bovinos de una muestra de 8565 colectados en una serie de reconocimientos seccionales cruzados, realizados en 400 colonias ganaderas en la Provincia de Bahr el Ghazal situada en el Sur de Sudán; la prueba de laboratorio utilizada para detectar anticuerpos fue la de neutralización viral (PNV). De éstos, 77·4% fueron positivos mientras que 22·6% dieron resultados negativos. Los datos se clasificaron en forma cruzada, teniendo en cuenta cinco variables: Manejo del hato, raza, edad, sexo y región geográfica (lugar de pastoreo). Se discute el porcentaje del nivel de anticuerpos positivos (tomado como una aproximación de la experiencia pasada con el antígeno de rinderpest y el estimado del nivel de prevalencia correspondiente del riesgo relativo) para cada variable, dentro del contexto de las características conocidas de la inmunidad contra rinderpest en áreas endémicas y las prácticas de manejo de los propietarios del ganado en el área de estudio. Los resultados sugieren, que los lugares peligrosos que contienen rinderpest virulentos y/o lugares en donde existe el riesgo de transmisión de la enfermedad debido al bajo nivel de anticuerpos deben delimitarse, para así concentrar los esfuerzos hacia la vacunación de terneros y adultos jóvenes, de manera tal, que los altos niveles de anticuerpos observados en este estudio puedan mantenerse y la transmisión pueda interrumpirse permanentemente.
    Notes: Summary Results from analyses of baseline surveilance data on rinderpest are used for proposing an improved vaccination strategy against rinderpest in southern Sudan. Sera from 4,074 (47%) of the total sample of 8,565 cattle collected in a series of cross-sectional surveys in 400 cattle camps in the Bahr el Ghazal Province of southern Sudan were tested for rinderpest antibodies using the standard virus neutralisation test (VNT) technique: 77·4% were positive while 22·6% gave negative results. The data were cross-classified according to five variables: herd management, breed, age, sex and geographic region (grazing location). The percentage antibody-positivity level (taken as an approximation of past experience with rinderpest antigen and the corresponding prevalence ratio estimates of relative risk) for each variable are discussed within the context of the known characteristics of immunity to rinderpest in endemic areas and the husbandry practices of the cattle owners in the study area. Results suggest that rinderpest “hot-spots” of transmission and/or low level of herd immunity should be mapped out for concentrated efforts to vaccinate calves and young adults so that the high level of antibody-positivity observed in this study can be maintained and transmission permanently interrupted.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Tropical animal health and production 24 (1992), S. 145-156 
    ISSN: 1573-7438
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé L’une des plus grandes populations de dromadaires au monde vit en Somalie où l’on compte environ 5,3 millions de têtes élevées par des pasteurs nomades selon le mode traditionnel. L’intérêt pour le développement potentiel du cheptel camelin dans la zone centrale semi-aride du pays, a été à l’origine d’une enquête pour déterminer la productivité des troupeaux, les affections essentielles et vraisemblablement les points de convergence entre ces différents paramètres. Par le biais d’une approche systématique, des données ont été rassemblées sur les facteurs de production, le milieu, la gestion et les modes de faire-valoir et les variables d’ordre sanitaire. 1 039 dromadaires, répartis en 33 troupeaux, ont fait l’objet de cette étude dans la région centrale de la Somalie. La prévalence deTrypanosoma evansi a varié de 1,7 p. 100 avec les étalements de sang à 56,4 p. 100 par l’emploi du test micro-ELISA (micro-test d’immunoabsorption enzymatique). La séroprévalence de la brucellose a été évaluée à 1,9 p. 100 par le test standard de la séroagglutination et à 0,3 p. 100 par la fixation du complément. Enfin par l’emploid d’une équation de régression multiple, 1,5 p. 100 de la variation totale de la fertilité au sens large ont pu être expliqués grâce aux données recueillies avec la technique de centrigufation au microhématocrite et le micro test ELISA pour la recherche deTrypanosoma evansi, par la fixation du complément pour la brucellose, la taille des troupeaux et le taux de mortalité chez les jeunes. Au nombre des variables de la production des troupeaux, la taille différait de façon significative en fonction des differentes unités de gestion. Les taux de mortalité ches les jeunes, de même que ceux de la fertilité en général ont varié dans les sous-régions écologiques mais avec un effect marqué dans les zones qualifiées d’intérieures (Inland). Différentes associations sont également perceptibles au niveau de certaines variables telles que la demographie, la gestion et la pathologie. L’importance de la trypanosomose et de la brucellose au regard de la productivité des troupeaux ainsi que les mesures de contrôle pour en limiter les conséquences sur la production font l’objet d’une discussion.
    Abstract: Résumé En Somalia existe una de las poblaciones más numerosas de camellos en el mundo. Cerca de 5·3 millones de animales pertenecen a pastores nómadas, los que los manejan bajo sistemas tradicionales. Debido al interés de conocer el potencial productivo de los hatos en las regiones semiáridas de Somalia Central, se inició una investigatión acerca de las principales enfermedades y la asociación entre éstas y la productividad en general. Utilizando un enfoque de sistemas, se colectaron resultados de parámetros productivos, factores ambientales, sistemas de manejo y producción y variables sanitarias. Se estudiaron 1,039 camellos en 33 hatos. La prevalencia deTrypanosoma evansi fluctuó entre 17% en frotis de sangre, hasta 56.4% utilizando microELISA. La seroprevalencia de brucelosis fue de 1·9% con la prueba de aglutinación y de 0·3% con la prueba de fijación del complemento. Usando regresiones múltiples, 15% de la variación total de la tasa de fertilidad general, se pudo explicar relacionando ésta con los resultados de la técnica del microhematocrito utilizando centrifuga, de microELISA paraT. evansi, de fijación del complemento para brucelosis, con el tamaño del hato y con la tasa de mortalidad en animales jóvenes. Entre las variables de producción del hato, el tamaño del mismo difirió significativamente para las diferentes unidades de manejo. Las tasas de mortalidad de animales jóvenes y las de fertilidad, variaron de acuerdo a las subzonas ecológicas, con un efecto marcado en las zonas mediterraneas. Se presentaron también asociaciones entre variables demográficas, de manejo y sanitarias. Se discute la importancia de la tripanosomiasis y de la brucelosis, en relación con la productividad del hato y las medidas para controlarlas, minimizando así su efecto sobre la producción.
    Notes: Summary In Somalia, one of the world’s largest dromedary populations of about 5–3 million animals are kept by nomadic pastoralists under traditional management. Interest in the development potential of camel herds in the semi-aird areas of central Somalia initiated an investigation to determine the productivity of herds, their major diseases and likely associations among these parameters. Using a systems approach, data were collected for herd production parameters, environmental factors, management and production systems, and health variables. One thousand and thirty nine camels in 33 herds were studied in the central regions of Somalia.Trypanosoma evansi prevalence ranged from 1·7% in bloodsmears to 56·4% using enzyme-linked immunosorbent micro-assay (micro ELISA). Seroprevalence for brucellosis was determined as 1·9% by the standard agglutination test (SAT) and 0·3% by the complement fixation test (CFT). Using multiple regression, 15% of the total variation of the general fertility rate was explained by the results of the microhaematocrit centrifugation technique (MHCT) and the microELISA forT. evansi, CFT results for brucellosis, herdsize, and young stock death rate. Among herd production variables, herd size differd significantly for different management units. Young stock death rates, as well as general fertility rates varied in the ecological subzones with a marked effect in the zones labeled “Inland”. Various other associations were noted among demographic, husbandry and disease variables. The importance of trypanosomosis and brucellosis to the productivity of herds and measures to control their limiting effects on production were discussed.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of orofacial orthopedics 53 (1992), S. 211-217 
    ISSN: 1615-6714
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Discolouring and layers on bands and restorations during fixed orthodontic therapy are well known clinical phenomenon. Because of the complexity of etiological factors an in-vitro model was used in this study. Aim of the study was to examine the amounts and sort of metals which are dissolved. Therefore, respectively 25 normed MOD-cavities in Frasaco-teeth were filled with a non gamma-2-amalgam (Amalcap plus, Vivadent) and condensed manually or mechanically. In addition, ten crowns of a high golden (Maingold SG, Heraeus) as well as a palladium basis alloy (Albabond A, Heraens) were casted. Then they were banded with stainless steel bands (Dentaurum) and cemented with a glass ionomer cement (Ketac Cem, Espe). The probes were given into a 0,1 molar lactic acid for seven days at 37°C. Using ICP (ion coupled plasma) analysis the corrosion solution was examined for elements. High levels of Zn- and Al-ion contents were found, which are components of the used cements. The filling materials theirselves mainly set free small amounts of Ag, Sn or Cu. The steel band released Fe, Cr, Ni and Ti. The combination of filling material and band resulted in a higher release of most ions.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Verfärbungen und Auflagerungen an Bändern und Füllungen während Multibandbehandlung sind ein bekanntes klinisches Phänomen. Aufgrund der komplexen Ätiologie wurde in der vorliegenden Untersuchung ein In vitro-Modell gewählt. Ziel der Studie war es, einen Einblick in die Mengen der freigesetzten Ionen und die bevorzugten Metalle zu erhalten. Dazu wurden je 25 genormte MOD-Kavitäten an Frasaco-Zähnen mit einem Non-gamma-2-Amalgam (Amalcap plus, Vivadent) per Hand oder maschinell kondensiert. Zusätzlich wurden je zehn Kronen einer hochgoldhaltigen (Maingold SG, Heraeus) und einer Palladiumbasis-Legierung (Albabond A, Heraeus) bergestellt. Auf alle Proben wurden kieferorthopädische Bander (Dentaurum-Molarenband) mit Glasionomerzement befestigt (Ketac Cem, Espe) und für sieben Tage bei 37°C in einer 0,1 molaren Milchsäure-Kochsalz-Lösung gelagert. Mittels Ion-Coupled-Plasma-(ICP-)Analyse wurden die in der Korrosionslösung befindlichen Elemente analysiert. Es zeigten sich sehr hohe Al- und Zn-Konzentrationen, die auf die Auflösung der Betestigungszemente zurückzuführen sind. Aus den jeweiligen Füllungswerkstoffen wurden vor allein Ag, Sn oder Cu freigesetzt, während aus dem Band Fe, Cr, Ni und Ti stammten. In der Kombination Stahlband und Fühlungswerkstoff kam es in den meisten Fällen zu einer gesteigerten Ionenabgabe.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The European physical journal 21 (1991), S. 145-151 
    ISSN: 1434-6079
    Keywords: 35.10.Fk ; 31.30.Gs ; 32.30.Jc
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Using laser induced fluorescence spectroscopy the hyperfine structure of the even parity levels 4f 146s6d 3 D 1, 4f 14 6s8s 3 S 1 and 4f 13 5d6s6p (7/2, 5/2)J=1,2,3 as well as of the odd parity level 4f 14 6s6p 3 P 2 in neutral ytterbium has been investigated. The isotope shift of the transitions 4f 146s6p 3 P 0 → 4f 14 6s6p 3 D 1 and 4f 14 6s6p 3 P 2 → 4f 14 6s8s 3 S 1, 4f 13 5d6s6p (7/2, 5/2)J=1,2,3 could be measured with high accuracy. The results for the 4f 14 6s6p 3 D 1 level show a considerable influence of second order effects of the hyperfine interaction. The isotope shifts of the 4f 14 6s8s 3 S 1 and 4f 13 5d6s6p (7/2, 5/2)J=1 levels indicate a possible configuration mixing for these levels.
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , peerRev
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , peerRev
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Description: Two hydrobiological transects across the East Greenland Shelf and the open waters of Fram Strait in summer were chosen to illustrate the distribution and production of phyto- and zooplankton in relation to water masses and ice cover. The parameters used were temperature and salinity, inorganic nutrients, chlorophyll a, primary production, phytoplankton species composition, abundance of the dominant herbivorous copepods Calanus finmarchicus, C. glacialis, C. hyperboreus and Metridia longa, and egg production of C. finmarchicus and C. glacialis. Grazing impact of copepodites and adults of these four species was modelled for each station by using egg production rates as an index of growth. Seasonal development of plankton communities was closely associated with the extent of the ice cover, hydrographic conditions and the water masses typical of the different hydrographic domains. Four regions were identified from their biological acivities and physical environment: The Northeast Water polynya on the East Greenland Shelf, with a springbloom of diatoms and active reproduction of herbivorous copepods. The pack ice region, dominated by small flagellates and negligible grazing activities. The marginal ice zone, with high variability and strong gradients of autotroph production related to eddies and ice tongues, an active microbial loop and low egg production. The open water, with high station-to-station variability of most of the parameters, probably related to hydrographic mesoscale activities. Here, Phaeocystis pouchetii was a prominent species in the phytoplankton communities. Its presence may at least partly be responsible for the generally low egg production in the open waters. Grazing impact on primary production was always small, due to low zooplankton biomass in the polynya, and due to low ingestion in the remaining regions.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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