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  • 1990-1994  (7)
  • 1990  (7)
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  • 1990-1994  (7)
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 68 (1990), S. 1902-1909 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The memory retention characteristics of silicon-nitride-oxide-silicon nonvolatile memory devices are found to be strongly thermally activated. A model is developed based on thermal emission of charge from traps. This model accurately predicts the threshold voltage decay of transistors stored in varying thermal environments. The model is demonstrated to be accurate over 7 decades of time and for temperatures between −40 and 200 °C.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 68 (1990), S. 6463-6471 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A physically based methodology is developed for modeling the behavior of electrical circuits containing nonideal ferroelectric capacitors. The methodology is illustrated by modeling the discrete ferroelectric capacitor as a stacked dielectric structure, with switching ferroelectric and nonswitching dielectric layers. Electrical properties of a modified Sawyer–Tower circuit are predicted by the model. Distortions of hysteresis loops due to resistive losses as a function of input signal frequency are accurately predicted by the model. The effect of signal amplitude variations predicted by the model also agree with experimental data. The model is used as a diagnostic tool to demonstrate that cycling degradation, at least for the sample investigated, cannot be modeled by the formation of nonswitching dielectric layer(s) or the formation of conductive regions near the electrodes, but is consistent with a spatially uniform reduction in the number of switching dipoles.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 92 (1990), S. 4768-4777 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A definitive measurement of the rate coefficient for the quenching of N(2D) by O(3P) is reported. The O(3P) atoms were generated by titrating NO directly into the active nitrogen flow. Analysis of the results required that the rate coefficient for the reaction N(2D)+NO→N2+O be known accurately, and this was also determined. A finite mixing time correction is also necessary. The best estimate of the rate coefficient from this work is (6.9+0.7, −1.1)×10−13 cm3 s−1 at T=298 K, considerably smaller than a previous measurement [J. Phys. Chem. 92, 5977 (1988)] and in much better accord with values required by atmospheric models.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Langmuir 6 (1990), S. 572-578 
    ISSN: 1520-5827
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 67 (1990), S. 7115-7124 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The discharge behavior of silicon-oxide-nitride-oxide-semiconductor nonvolatile memory transistors is investigated for a range of programming and storage temperatures spanning −55 °C to 200 °C. A number of empirical observations strongly limit the nature of the mechanisms that govern charge injection and decay. Both electrons and holes contribute to the charge storage properties of the transistors, and the decay properties of both are thermally activated with a continuous distribution of activation energies (trap depths). Charge decay, for both charge states, is negligibly limited by mechanisms other than those which are strongly thermally activated. The programming temperature, relative to the storage temperature, significantly impacts the retention time of the excess electron state, while not affecting the long term decay of the excess hole state. The experimental results also have significant implications regarding proper retention screening techniques and nonvolatile ROM programming techniques.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 4 (1990), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The object of the study was to examine the effect of varying the time of the evening meal on the pattern of 24-h intragastric acidity. Ten healthy subjects were studied; they ate regular meals throughout the day, but between 17.00 and 21.35 hours were separated into three groups. On three different days each group was fed the same dinner at either 17.15, 19.15, or 21.15 hours (early, standard or late). Variation in the evening meal's time caused significant changes in the pattern of acidity in the afternoon and evening, but did not affect 24-h intragastric acidity or nocturnal acidity. Integrated afternoon acidity (14.00 hours to dinner) was 69, 169 and 324 mmol. h/L when the subjects ate early, standard and late meals, respectively; evening acidity (dinner to midnight) was 235, 43 and 1 mmol. h/L with the three meals, respectively. The results suggest that, to control intragastric acidity, when the evening meal is eaten early (17.15 hours) dosing with an H2-antagonist should be after that meal, when eaten at the standard time (19.15 hours) dosing should be at bedtime, but when dinner is late (21.15 hours) the optimal regimen may involve dosing after lunch and also at bedtime.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 31 (1990), S. 167-174 
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Prebiotic His synthesis ; Erythrose ; Imidazole-4-acetaldehyde
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The prebiotic formation of histidine (His) has been accomplished experimentally by the reacton of erythrose with formamidine followed by a Strecker synthesis. In the first step of this reaction sequence, the formation of imidazole-4-acetaldehyde took place by the condensation of erythrose and formamidine, two compounds that are known to be formed under prebiotic conditions. In a second step, the imidazole-4-acetaldehyde was converted to His, without isolation of the reaction products by adding HCN and ammonia to the reaction mixture. LC, HPLC, thermospray liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, and tandem mass spectrometry were used to identify the product, which was obtained in a yield of 3.5% based on the ratio of His/erythrose. This is a new chemical synthesis of one of the basic amino acids which has not been synthesized prebiotically until now.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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