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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Causes and evolution of the southeastern tropical Atlantic warm event in early 2016
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2019
    In:  Climate Dynamics Vol. 53, No. 1-2 ( 2019-7), p. 261-274
    Details
    In: Climate Dynamics, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 53, No. 1-2 ( 2019-7), p. 261-274
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0930-7575 , 1432-0894
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1007/s00382-018-4582-8
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2019
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    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1471747-5
    SSG: 16,13
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Variability in the South Atlantic Anticyclone and the Atlantic Niño Mode*
    American Meteorological Society ; 2014
    In:  Journal of Climate Vol. 27, No. 21 ( 2014-11-01), p. 8135-8150
    Details
    In: Journal of Climate, American Meteorological Society, Vol. 27, No. 21 ( 2014-11-01), p. 8135-8150
    Abstract: Previous studies have argued that the strength of the South Atlantic subtropical high pressure system, referred to as the South Atlantic anticyclone (SAA), modulates sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies in the eastern equatorial Atlantic. Using ocean and atmosphere reanalysis products, it is shown here that the strength of the SAA from February to May impacts the timing of the cold tongue onset and the intensity of its development in the eastern equatorial Atlantic via anomalous tropical wind power. This modulation in the timing and amplitude of seasonal cold tongue development manifests itself via SST anomalies peaking between June and August. The timing and impact of this connection is not completely symmetric for warm and cold events. For cold events, an anomalously strong SAA in February and March leads to positive wind power anomalies from February to June resulting in an early cold tongue onset and subsequent cold SST anomalies in June and July. For warm events, the anomalously weak SAA persists until May, generating negative wind power anomalies that lead to a late cold tongue onset as well as a suppression of the cold tongue development and associated warm SST anomalies. Mechanisms by which SAA-induced wind power variations south of the equator influence eastern equatorial Atlantic SST are discussed, including ocean adjustment via Rossby and Kelvin wave propagation, meridional advection, and local intraseasonal wind variations.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0894-8755 , 1520-0442
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1175/JCLI-D-14-00202.1
    RVK:
    UA 4548
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Meteorological Society
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 246750-1
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2021723-7
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    On the Inconsistent Relationship between Pacific and Atlantic Niños*
    American Meteorological Society ; 2012
    In:  Journal of Climate Vol. 25, No. 12 ( 2012-06-15), p. 4294-4303
    Details
    In: Journal of Climate, American Meteorological Society, Vol. 25, No. 12 ( 2012-06-15), p. 4294-4303
    Abstract: The tropical Atlantic wind response to El Niño forcing is robust, with weakened northeast trade winds north of the equator and strengthened southeast trade winds along and south of the equator. However, the relationship between sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies in the eastern equatorial Pacific and Atlantic is inconsistent, with El Niño events followed sometimes by warm and other times by cold boreal summer anomalies in the Atlantic cold tongue region. Using observational data and a hindcast simulation of the Nucleus for European Modeling of the Ocean (NEMO) global model at 0.5° resolution (NEMO-ORCA05), this inconsistent SST relationship is shown to be at least partly attributable to a delayed negative feedback in the tropical Atlantic that is active in years with a warm or neutral response in the eastern equatorial Atlantic. In these years, the boreal spring warming in the northern tropical Atlantic that is a typical response to El Niño is pronounced, setting up a strong meridional SST gradient. This leads to a negative wind stress curl anomaly to the north of the equator that generates downwelling Rossby waves. When these waves reach the western boundary, they are reflected into downwelling equatorial Kelvin waves that reach the cold tongue region in late boreal summer to counteract the initial cooling that is due to the boreal winter wind stress response to El Niño. In contrast, this initial cooling persists or is amplified in years in which the boreal spring northern tropical Atlantic warming is weak or absent either because of a positive North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) phase or an early termination of the Pacific El Niño event.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0894-8755 , 1520-0442
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1175/JCLI-D-11-00553.1
    RVK:
    UA 4548
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Meteorological Society
    Publication Date: 2012
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 246750-1
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2021723-7
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Contribution of Increased Agulhas Leakage to Tropical Atlantic Warming
    American Meteorological Society ; 2015
    In:  Journal of Climate Vol. 28, No. 24 ( 2015-12-15), p. 9697-9706
    Details
    In: Journal of Climate, American Meteorological Society, Vol. 28, No. 24 ( 2015-12-15), p. 9697-9706
    Abstract: The upper tropical Atlantic Ocean has markedly warmed since the 1960s. It has been shown that this warming was not due to local heat fluxes and that the trade winds that drive the coastal and equatorial upwelling have intensified rather than weakened. Remote forcing might thus have played an important role. Here, model experiments are used to investigate the contribution from an increased inflow of warm Indian Ocean water through Agulhas leakage. A high-resolution hindcast experiment with interannually varying forcing for the time period 1948–2007, in which Agulhas leakage increases by about 45% from the 1960s to the early 2000s, reproduces the observed warming trend. To tease out the role of Agulhas leakage, a sensitivity experiment designed to only increase Agulhas leakage is used. Compared to a control simulation, it shows a pronounced warming in the upper tropical Atlantic Ocean. A Lagrangian trajectory analysis confirms that a significant portion of Agulhas leakage water reaches the upper 300 m of the tropical Atlantic Ocean within two decades and that the tropical Atlantic warming in the sensitivity experiment is mainly due to water of Agulhas origin. Therefore, it is suggested that the increased trade winds since the 1960s favor upwelling of warmer subsurface waters, which in part originate from the Agulhas, leading to higher SSTs in the tropics.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0894-8755 , 1520-0442
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1175/JCLI-D-15-0258.1
    RVK:
    UA 4548
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Meteorological Society
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 246750-1
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2021723-7
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Observed Transport Variability of the Atlantic Subtropical Cells and Their Connection to Tropical Sea Surface Temperature Variability
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 2020
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans Vol. 125, No. 12 ( 2020-12)
    Details
    In: Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 125, No. 12 ( 2020-12)
    Abstract: Observational transport time series of the Atlantic Subtropical Cells reveals dominant seasonal variability for horizontal branches On time scales longer than ∼5 years, interior thermocline layer transport convergence modulates equatorial sea surface temperature anomalies Western boundary current and interior transport anomalies are partly compensating each other at thermocline level on all time scales
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2169-9275 , 2169-9291
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/2020JC016592
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 2020
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    detail.hit.zdb_id: 161667-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094219-6
    SSG: 16,13
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Why Do Benguela Niños Lead Atlantic Niños?
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 2020
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans Vol. 125, No. 9 ( 2020-09)
    Details
    In: Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 125, No. 9 ( 2020-09)
    Abstract: Coastal Benguela Niño events tend to precede equatorial Atlantic Niños by ~1 month, which is surprising given their remote forcing mechanism Interannual coastal wind‐stress variability increases the remotely forced coastal warming by 25% and controls its timing Ocean‐atmosphere coupling in the eastern‐equatorial Atlantic triggers coastal equatorward wind anomaly that hastens the coastal event demise
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2169-9275 , 2169-9291
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/2019JC016003
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016804-4
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 161667-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094219-6
    SSG: 16,13
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Transports and Pathways of the Tropical AMOC Return Flow From Argo Data and Shipboard Velocity Measurements
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 2022
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans Vol. 127, No. 2 ( 2022-02)
    Details
    In: Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 127, No. 2 ( 2022-02)
    Abstract: Observed Atlantic western boundary mean transport of the upper 1,200 m at 11°S is realistically reproduced from high‐resolution Argo data Diapycnal transport estimates from high‐resolution Argo data show upwelling of ∼2 Sv into the tropical Atlantic thermocline layer By combining shipboard measurements with Argo data, we provide an overview of the individual water mass pathways within the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation return flow
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2169-9275 , 2169-9291
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/2021JC018115
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016804-4
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 161667-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094219-6
    SSG: 16,13
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    On the connection between Benguela and equatorial Atlantic Niños and the role of the South Atlantic Anticyclone
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 2010
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research Vol. 115, No. C9 ( 2010-09-16)
    Details
    In: Journal of Geophysical Research, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 115, No. C9 ( 2010-09-16)
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0148-0227
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/2009JC005964
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 2010
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2033040-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094104-0
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2130824-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016813-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016810-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2403298-0
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016800-7
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 161666-3
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 161667-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2969341-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 161665-1
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094268-8
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 710256-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016804-4
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094181-7
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094219-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094167-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2220777-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3094197-0
    SSG: 16,13
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Weakened SST variability in the tropical Atlantic Ocean since 2000
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2020
    In:  Climate Dynamics Vol. 54, No. 5-6 ( 2020-03), p. 2731-2744
    Details
    In: Climate Dynamics, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 54, No. 5-6 ( 2020-03), p. 2731-2744
    Abstract: A prominent weakening in equatorial Atlantic sea surface temperature (SST) variability, occurring around the year 2000, is investigated by means of observations, reanalysis products and the linear recharge oscillator (ReOsc) model. Compared to the time period 1982–1999, during 2000–2017 the May–June–July SST variability in the eastern equatorial Atlantic has decreased by more than 30%. Coupled air–sea feedbacks, namely the positive Bjerknes feedback and the negative net heat flux damping are important drivers for the equatorial Atlantic interannual SST variability. We find that the Bjerknes feedback weakened after 2000 while the net heat flux damping increased. The weakening of the Bjerknes feedback does not appear to be fully explainable by changes in the mean state of the tropical Atlantic. The increased net heat flux damping is related to an enhanced response of the latent heat flux to the SST anomalies (SSTa). Strengthened trade winds as well as warmer SSTs are suggested to increase the air–sea specific humidity difference and hence, enhancing the latent heat flux response to SSTa. A combined effect of those two processes is proposed to be responsible for the weakened SST variability in the eastern equatorial Atlantic. The ReOsc model supports the link between reduced SST variability, weaker Bjerknes feedback and stronger net heat flux damping.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0930-7575 , 1432-0894
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1007/s00382-020-05138-0
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 382992-3
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1471747-5
    SSG: 16,13
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Tropical Atlantic warm events
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2013
    In:  Nature Geoscience Vol. 6, No. 1 ( 2013-1), p. 22-23
    Details
    In: Nature Geoscience, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 6, No. 1 ( 2013-1), p. 22-23
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1752-0894 , 1752-0908
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1038/ngeo1685
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2013
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2396648-8
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2405323-5
    SSG: 16,13
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