Note: Cover -- Table of Contents -- Preface -- Applied Sustainable Development: A Way Forward in Promoting Sustainable Development in Higher Education Institutions -- Applying the Richard E. Gross Problem-Solving Model: Whistleblowing and the Environment, the Case of Avco Environmental -- Community Engagement in University of British Columbia's Climate Action Plan -- Making Education for Sustainability Work on your Campus: The Roundtables on Environmental Systems and Sustainability -- Education for Sustainability Pedagogy: Ideological and Epistemological Barriers and Drivers -- Integrated Theoretical and Practical MSc Education for Sustainable Industrial Development -- Innovation, New Goals and Challenges concerning Italian Trends in Environmental Education for Sustainable Development -- On-Campus Innovation for Sustainability: Evolution of Sustainable Development on the Joondalup Campus, Edith Cowan University (ECU), Western Australia -- Accounting Education for Sustainable Development: A View from the Profession -- Engineers for More Sustainable Industrial Engineering -- Institutionalization of Learning-Beyond-Academics Leads to Sustainability of Higher Education Institution in the Field of Engineering: A Case Study from India -- Sustainable Development, Bioenergy and Education: Experiences in Collaboration and Communication for Promoting Environmentally Sustainable Biofuel Development -- Making Better Choices Today: Ethics, Technology and Sustainability -- The Secret Garden: Geocaching Links the Classroom to the Campus -- Greening the Waste Stream: A Case Study in Applied Environmental Analysis at Pomona College -- Students Collaborate to Develop Educational Green-Clothing Label -- Classes that Change the World: Synergistic Solutions and Multiplier Effects for Students, Campuses, and Communities. , A Survey of Sustainability Promotion Experiences: The IPSO Project -- Sustainability and the Struggle for Hegemony in Australian Architectural Education -- Evaluating Education for Sustainable Development Programs -- Making Environmental Connections in Courses in the Humanities and Social Sciences -- A Short-Term Experiential Study Abroad Course on Sustainability in Costa Rica: Art as a Sustainability Case Study1 -- Transformative Sustainability Education in a Shipboard Living-Learning Community1 -- Understanding Communities of Practice in Online Education for Sustainability -- Preparing Teachers to Educate for Sustainable Development -- About the Authors -- Thematic Index.

Note: Intro -- Editorial -- Contents -- 1 Biodiversity and Education for Sustainable Development (ESD): Tendencies and Perspectives -- Abstract -- 1Introduction -- 2Ecosystem Services and Biodiversity -- 32010 Biodiversity Target-The Convention on Biological Diversity -- 4Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 2011-2020 -- 5Education for Biodiversity Conservation in the 21st Century: Beyond 2015 -- 6Education for Biodiversity: Tendencies and Perspectives -- References -- Part I Education Research on Biodiversity -- 2 Conservation of Biological Resources: Why Does It Matter? -- Abstract -- 1Introduction -- 2Reasons for Taking Action -- 3Forests' Ecosystems and Species Richness -- 3.1 The Easter Island as an Example of Human Unsustainable Practices -- 4The Relevance of Biological Resources: From Basic Needs to Economic Development -- 5Biodiversity Unknown -- 6The Extinction of Species -- 7Conclusion -- References -- 3 Urban Biodiversity and Cities' Sustainable Development -- Abstract -- 1Introduction -- 2Urban Ecosystems -- 3Urban Development, Land Use Change, and Environmental Impacts -- 4Recognizing the Importance of Urban Biodiversity -- 5Urban Sustainable Development -- 5.1 Greening Cities -- 5.2 Public Participation -- 6Final Remarks -- References -- 4 Education on Biodiversity in the Polar Regions -- Abstract -- 1Importance of Polar Regions -- 2Importance of Polar Biodiversity -- 3Importance of Linking Education and Biodiversity Issues Related to the Polar Regions -- 4Examples of Polar Activities Related to Biodiversity -- 5Tackling the Challenging Issues on Polar Education Related to Biodiversity: Step 1. Evaluation of Impact -- 6Final Considerations -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 5 Teaching Mycology Worldwide -- Abstract -- 1Introduction -- 2Collecting -- 3Morphological Analyses. , 4Scientists and Company Collaboration to Education -- 5Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 6 Bugs and Society I: Raising Awareness About Endemic Biodiversity -- Abstract -- 1Framing Biodiversity Loss Within Risk Governance Towards Nature Conservation -- 1.1 Social (Ir)relevance of Biodiversity Loss: A Minor Global Problem -- 1.1.1 Biodiversity Loss as an Environmental Risk -- 1.1.2 Engaging Society with Biodiversity Loss -- 1.2 Risk Communication as a Tool for Biodiversity Conservation -- 1.2.1 Risk Communication Within the Governance of Risk -- 1.2.2 Engaging Society Through Risk Communication -- 1.3 The Problem: How to Promote Endemic Insects as Azorean Natural Heritage? -- 1.3.1 Endemic Biodiversity in the Azores -- 1.3.2 The Invisibility of Azorean Biodiversity Loss -- 1.3.3 Challenging the Social Invisibility of Biodiversity Loss with Azorean Insects -- 2Planning the Bugs & -- Society Intervention: From Principles to Evaluation -- 2.1 Purposes and Guiding Principles -- 2.2 Logic Model: A Pragmatic Approach for Planning, Implementation and Evaluation -- 2.3 Logic Model: A Pragmatic Approach for Planning, Implementation and Evaluation -- 3In Synthesis -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Part II Teaching About Biological Invasionsand Threats to Biodiversity -- 7 Science and Education at the Centre for Invasion Biology -- Abstract -- 1Introduction -- 1.1 Serving the Education Need -- 1.2 Educational Advantages of Iimbovane -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 8 Engaging Society to Fight Invasive Alien Plants in Portugal-One of the Main Threats to Biodiversity -- Abstract -- 1Invasive Plants as a Threat to the Biodiversity Worldwide -- 2Brief Overview of Invasive Alien Species in Portugal -- 3The Importance of Public Awareness and Engagement as Key Components to Deal with Invasive Plants in a More Sustainable Way. , 4Strategies Used to Raise Public Awareness About IAS in Portugal -- 4.1 Invasoras.Pt-Website on Invasive Plants in Portugal -- 4.2 Webmapping Platform to Geolocate Invasive Plants in Portugal -- 4.3 Fieldwork Projects About Invasive Plants -- 4.4 Training on Invasive Plants Identification and Control -- 4.5 Printed Documents About Invasive Plants -- 4.6 Other Activities -- 5Final Considerations -- References -- Part III Engaging Society in BiodiversityConservation and Sustainability -- 9 Bugs and Society II: Testing Two Communication Strategies for Public Engagement in the Azores -- Abstract -- 1Introductory Note -- 2Raising Public Awareness: The Exhibition Açorianos há Milhões de Anos-Azoreans for Millions of Years -- 2.1 Communication Goals and Strategies -- 2.2 Insect Banners on the City Streets of Angra do Heroísmo: Claiming Territory in the Public Arena -- 2.3 Outdoor Exhibition Evaluation -- 3Promoting Public Participation: The Creative Naming of Endemic Insects on Facebook-Chama-lhe Nomes! (Pick a Name!) -- 3.1 Specific Aims and Strategy -- 3.2 Naming an Insect: An Engaging Initiative -- 3.3 Facebook Contest Evaluation -- 4Discussion -- 4.1 Using Scola's Brutti, Sporchi e Cattivi of Biodiversity to Promote Nature Conservation -- 4.2 The Importance of Evaluating Outputs and Outcomes -- 4.3 Ideas Worth Sharing -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 10 Communicating Biodiversity Conservation Research Through Dialogue and Mutual Learning in Rural and Indigenous Communities -- Abstract -- 1Introduction -- 2A Mexican Experience of Participatory Communication -- 3Three Stages in the Participatory Process for Developing a Communication Strategy -- 3.1 Stage 1: Understanding of the Communication Context -- 3.2 Stage 2: Fostering Interaction and Exchange -- 3.3 Stage 3: Validating the Tools -- 4Concluding Remarks -- References. , 11 Education for Sustainability in the Context of Community Forestry -- Abstract -- 1Introduction -- 2Community Forests in Portugal -- 3Disconnecting the People from Old Forests -- 4Reconnecting the People with New Forests -- 5Vilarinho, a Case Study -- 6Education for the Commons -- 7Communing with Mushrooms -- 8The Mini-Commoners Baldios Governance -- 9Key Reflections and Future Challenges -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Part IV Designing Sustainable Futures -- 12 Urban Forest Governance: FUTURE-The 100,000 Trees Project in the Porto Metropolitan Area -- Abstract -- 1Introduction -- 1.1 Urban Forests as Multifunctional Green Infrastructures -- 1.2 Urban Forests as a Governance Issue -- 2Methods -- 2.1 Case Study -- 2.1.1 Context -- 2.1.2 Institutional Framework -- 2.1.3 Actors and Coalitions -- 2.1.4 Resources -- 2.1.5 Processes -- 3Conclusions and Future Directions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 13 Reflexive Research and Education for Sustainable Development with Coastal Fishing Communities in the Azores Islands: A Theatre for Questions -- Abstract -- 1Introduction -- 2Fishing for Frameworks and Models -- 2.1 European Fishing Policy-A Beginning -- 2.2 Difficult Match: CFP and Sustainable Development -- 2.3 Economic Systems and Sustainable Development -- 2.4 Education and Sustainable Development -- 3Aesthetic Research = Theory in Practice? -- 3.1 A Joker in the Middle of the Ocean -- 3.2 Reflexive Practice -- 4Research as Aesthetic Place -- 5An Actor/Fisher in Boal's Theatre -- 5.1 An Actor/Researcher in Boal's Theatre-Scene 1 -- 5.2 An Actor/Researcher in Boal's Theatre-Scene 2 -- 6Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 14 Public Policies and Education for Biodiversity: Brazilian Challenges in a New Global Context -- Abstract -- 1Introduction -- 2Brazilian Environmental Law: A New Perception (?). , 3Public Policies for Biodiversity: Is Brazil Really Doing All that Is Needed? -- 4Game Theory, Marginalism and the Inefficiency of Environmental Agencies in Brazil -- 5Education for the Environment and Biodiversity: The Way Beyond the Classrooms -- 6Possible New Paths for Preserving Brazil's Biodiversity -- 7Conclusions -- References -- 15 Education for Sustainable Development in Brazil: Challenges for Inclusive, Differentiated and Multicultural Education -- Abstract -- 1Introduction -- 1.1 The Challenge of Paradigm Shift -- 1.2 Interdisciplinarity in Education -- 1.3 Dialogue Between Different Forms of Knowledge -- 1.4 Fundamental Humanitarian Principles and Brazilian Environmental Law -- 1.5 Environmental Education: A Matter of Citizenry -- 2Differentiated Education and Future Perspectives -- 2.1 Ethnic, Racial, and Gender Identities and Movements for Differentiated Education -- 2.2 Indigenous Ethnicities and Indigenous School Education: Future Perspectives -- 3Closing Remarks -- References -- Legislation -- 16 Protecting Soil Biodiversity and Soil Functions: Current Status and Future Challenges -- Abstract -- 1Soil-The Hidden Living World -- 2Soil Biodiversity, Soil Functions and the Provision of Ecosystem Services -- 3Soil Resources Under Threat -- 4Soil Protection and Conservation Strategies -- 4.1 Action Line 1: Monitoring -- 4.2 Action Line 2: Experimentation -- 4.3 Action Line 3: Raising Awareness -- References -- 17 Interdisciplinary and Participatory Research at Early Childhood to Biodiversity Education and Sustainable Development -- Abstract -- 1Introduction -- 2Perception of Biodiversity and Their Linkages to the Ecosystems Functioning and Human Well-Being -- 2.1 Approach: Mediterranean Forest Experience -- 3Materials and Methods -- 3.1 Sample -- 3.2 Participatory Research Approach -- 4Results and Discussion. , 4.1 Participatory Research from the Children's Perspective.

Note: Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- 1 Phosphorus Removal from Municipal Wastewater by Electrocoagulation Associated with Biological Treatment -- Introduction -- Materials and Methods -- Experimental Unit -- Mixed Liquid -- Experimental Procedure -- Kinetic Study -- Results and Discussion -- Kinetic Study for Phosphorous Removal -- Conclusion -- References -- 2 Evaluating Gaseous Emissions and Performance of a Spark-Ignited Non-road Engine Fueled with Gasoline, Ethanol and Adulterant Blends -- Introduction -- Material and Methods -- Fuel Blends, Properties and Experimental Apparatus -- Combustion Assays Varying the Fuel Blends and the Loads Applied to the System -- Statistical Analysis of the Experiment -- Results and Discussion -- Fuel Quality Parameters -- Exhaust Emissions-CO and THC -- Performance of the Engine-Generator Set -- Conclusions -- References -- 3 The Impact of Climate Change on Hydroelectric Resources in Brazil -- Introduction -- Originality of This Study Compared to Previous Works -- Hydroelectricity in the Northeast Region -- Methodology -- Rainfall and Streamflow Changes -- Results -- Rainfall and Streamflow -- The Case of the São Francisco Basin -- Conclusions -- References -- 4 Urban Gardens: Possibilities of Integration with Smart Practices -- Introduction -- Methodology -- Results -- Conclusion -- References -- 5 Mass Exchange in Dead Water Zones: A Numerical Approach -- Introduction -- Methods -- Results and Discussion -- Conclusion -- References -- 6 Potential for Application of the Biogas Produced from Manure of Dairy Cattle in a Cheese Factory -- Introduction -- Material and Methods -- Results and Discussion -- Conclusions -- References -- 7 The Importance of Green Area Maintenance for Greenhouse Gas Mitigation -- Introduction -- Methodology -- Carbon Dioxide Estimate -- Coverage and Land Use Mapping. , Obtaining Pedology and Past Vegetation -- CO2 Estimation Calculation -- Results and Discussion -- Conclusion -- References -- 8 The Treatment of Effluents in Promoting Sustainable Development: The Use of Led Lamps in the Process of Removal of Phosphorus in Effluents -- Introdução -- Sustainable Development Goals of the United Nations Organization -- Phosphorus Balance in Effluents -- An Experimental Model of Effluent Phosphorus Removal -- Results and Discussions -- Final Considerations -- References -- 9 The Contributions of Urban Agriculture to the Promotion of Food Security in the Context of Climate Change: A Literature-Based Review -- Introduction -- Sustainable Cities -- Methodology -- Climate Change -- Food Security -- Urban Agriculture -- Discussion -- Conclusions -- References -- 10 Structural Litigation in Environmental Protection Systemic Failures: A Perspective of the Brazilian Dam Collapses -- Introduction -- Structural Litigation -- Application in the Brazilian Dam Collapses -- Considerations -- References -- 11 Access to Food and Availability in Areas of Social and Environmental Vulnerability: Threats to Sustainable Development -- Introduction -- Food and Nutritional Safety in Brazil -- International Context of FNS -- Methodology -- Results and Discussion -- Considerations -- References -- 12 CAPEX and OPEX Evaluation of a Membrane Bioreactor Aiming at Water Reuse -- Introduction -- Methodology -- Membrane Bioreactor -- LCCA of the MBR -- CAPEX -- OPEX -- Results and Discussion -- Membrane Module -- Membrane Bioreactor -- CAPEX -- OPEX -- Final Remarks -- References -- 13 Evaluation of the Reduction Potential of Pollutant Emissions by Implementing the Start-Stop System in the Internal Combustion Vehicle Fleet of the City of São Paulo, Brazil -- Introduction -- Methodology -- Databases -- Yearly Vehicle Emission Calculation. , Investigated Fleet Annual Emissions Calculation -- Calculations of Yearly Potential Reduction of Pollutant Emissions by the Start-Stop System -- Calculation of the Percentage of Potential Reduction of Pollutant Emissions of the Fleet -- Calculation Considerations -- Results and Discussion -- Effects of Considered Values -- Conclusion -- References -- 14 Environmental Justice as a Tool for Dealing with Climate Change Impacts on Food Security in Brazil in the Context of WEF Nexus -- Introduction -- Environmental Justice -- Food Security and Stability -- Climate Change Impacts on the Wef Nexus in Brazil -- Discussion -- Conclusion -- References -- 15 Environmental Impacts of the Brazilian Energy Mix-An LCA Approach to Past, Present, and Future Scenarios -- Introduction -- Methodology -- Definition of Goal and Scope -- Inventory Analysis -- Impact Assessment -- Results and Discussion -- Evolution of the Energy Mix -- Interpretation of the LCA Results -- Conclusions -- References -- 16 Food from Somewhere: School Kitchen Garden Programs, Food Sovereignty and Food System Resilience -- Introduction -- Food from Nowhere -- Food Sovereignty and Food Systems -- Food from Nowhere -- The Urbanization of Australian's Relationship with Food -- Health Impacts of Decreased Food Sovereignty and the Current Food Environment -- Resilience Within Food Systems-Strength Through Diversity -- Sustainability Transitions and Food System Resilience -- Research Aim and Methodology -- Results and Findings -- Increased Diversity of Households' Food Source Points -- Motivations and Barriers to Growing Food at Home -- Influencing the Participants' Relationship with Food -- Conclusion -- References -- 17 Towards an Analysis of Frugal Innovation: An Important Way to Achieve Sustainability -- Introduction -- Frugal Innovation -- Methodology Procedures. , Presentation, Analysis, and Discussion of Results -- Discussion of the Results -- Final Remarks -- References -- 18 The Beauty Industry and Solid Waste -- Initial Considerations -- The Cosmetics Industry Waste -- Textile Industry Waste -- Final Considerations -- References -- 19 The Importance of Women's and Girl's Education for the Achievement of Sustainable Development: A Literature-Based Review -- Introduction -- Methodology -- Women in Sustainable Development -- Women's Education -- Importance of Women's and Girl's Education for the Achievement of all the SDGS -- Conclusions -- References -- 20 A Comparative Environmental Assessment Between Fixed Bed Gasification Reactors and a Boiler Fueled with Biomass Waste -- Introduction -- Combustion and Gasification for Biomass Waste Treatment in Electricity Generation -- Materials and Methods -- Results and Discussion -- Conclusions -- References -- 21 Impacts of Green Tire Technology: Case Study of Environmental and Customer Perspectives -- Introduction -- Theme Presentation -- Objective -- Justification -- Methodology -- Theoretical Foundation -- World Tire Market -- Brazil's Tire Market -- Tire Environment Impact -- Green Tires -- Case Study -- Theme Discussion and Results -- Final Considerations -- Reviews and Comments -- Future Works -- References -- 22 Development of a Water Purifier Made from Green Coconut Fiber: Application of an Innovative Product -- Introduction -- Theoretical Framework -- Coconut Shell Reuse Possibilities -- Activated Charcoal (AC) -- Absorption -- Product Cost Analysis -- Design for Environment-DFE -- Ergonomic Analysis -- Methodology -- Results -- Definition of the Product -- Market Research -- Materials Analysis -- Cost Analysis -- Materials Cost Analysis -- Product Detailing -- Conclusion -- References. , 23 The Anthropocene: Conceptual Analysis with Global Climate Change, Planetary Boundaries and Gaia 2.0 -- Introduction -- Theoretical Reference -- Anthropocene and a Conceptual Analysis with Global Climate Change -- Anthropocene and Its Conceptual Analysis with Planetary Boundaries -- Methodology -- Analysis -- From Gaia to Gaia 2.0 -- Discussion -- Uncertainty: Anthropogenic Changes in Society -- Discovery: Understanding the New Terrestrial System -- Implementation: Operationalizing Planetary Boundaries -- Conclusion -- References.

Note: Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- Towards Resilient Cities in Serbia -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methodology -- 3 Results and Analysis -- 3.1 Serbia in the Light of Climate Change -- 3.2 From National Policies to Local Plans-The Legislative Framework for Achieving Resilience to Climate Change -- 4 Conclusion -- References -- Projected Changes in Multi-day Extreme Precipitation Over the Western Balkan Region -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Regional Climate Model and Experiments Setup -- 3 Model Verification Over the Period 1971-2000 -- 4 Projections for the RCP 8.5 Scenario -- 5 Changes in Extreme Precipitation -- 6 Conclusions -- References -- Relationship Between Atmospheric Circulation and Temperature Extremes in Montenegro in the Period 1951-2010 -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Research Area -- 3 Data and Methodology -- 4 Results and Discussion -- 5 Conclusion -- Refernces -- Analysis of the Climate Change in the Doboj Municipality and Adaptation Options -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Study Area -- 3 Data and Methods -- 4 Results and Discussion -- 4.1 Climate Trends in the Doboj Municipality -- 4.2 Floods Occured in 2014 in Doboj Area -- 5 Adaptation and Mitigation to Consequences of Climate Change -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- An Analysis of Problems Related to Climate Change in Serbian Planning Documents -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Method -- 3 Climate Changes and Spatial Development -- 4 Planned-Documents Analysis -- 5 Results of AAA Model Assessment -- 6 Conclusion -- Bibliography -- Climate Change Impact on River Discharges in Bosnia and Herzegovina: A Case Study of the Lower Vrbas River Basin -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Data and Methods -- 2.1 Study Area -- 2.2 Data and Methods -- 3 Results and Discussion -- 3.1 Climate Change -- 3.2 Changes in River Discharges -- 3.3 Relationship Between the Observed Trends in River Discharges and Climate Change. , 3.4 Relationship Between the Observed Trends in River Discharges and the Dominant Northern Hemisphere Teleconnection Patterns -- 4 Conclusion -- References -- Water Body Extraction and Flood Risk Assessment Using Lidar and Open Data -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Materials -- 2.1 Study Area -- 2.2 Dataset -- 3 Methods -- 3.1 Water Bodies Extraction -- 3.2 Flood Risk Assessment and DEM Comparison -- 4 Results and Discussion -- 4.1 Water Body Extraction -- 4.2 Flood Risk Assessment -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Resilient Functional Urban Regions: Spatial Planning in the Light of Climate Change -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The Concept of Resilience -- 3 Characteristics of Functional-Urban Resilience -- 4 The Method -- 5 The Impact of Urbanization on FUR Resilience -- 6 Relation Between the Degree of Urbanization and GDP Per Capita in the Republic of Serbia -- 7 The Concept of FUR Governance: How to Achieve a Resilient FUR -- 8 Conclusions -- References -- Climate Change and Protection Against Floods -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Formulation of the Problem -- 3 The Influence of Climate Changes and Elements on River Regimes -- 4 Problem Solution -- 5 Harmonization of the Flood Protection System with the EU Directive 2007/60 EC on the Assessment and Management of Flood Risks -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- Duration of the Snow Cover and the Need for Artificial Snow-A Challenge for Management in Ski-Centres of Serbia -- 1 Climate Conditions as a Factor of Development of Winter Sports Tourism in Serbia -- 2 Method and Observational Data -- 3 Results -- 4 Conclusion -- References -- Sustainability of Rural Areas in Bosnia and Herzegovina Under the Global Climate Change Conditions -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methodological Approach -- 3 Definition and Elaboration of the Problem -- 4 Climate Changes and Exposure of BampH to Natural Disasters -- 5 Results and Discussion. , 6 Conclusion -- References -- Alleviation of Negative Climate Change Effects on Maize Yields in Northern Bosnia by Liming and Phosphorus Fertilization -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Materials and Methods -- 3 Results and Discussion -- 4 Conclusion -- References -- Temperature Risk Assessment in Urban Environments During Heat Wave Periods: A Case Study on the City of Novi Sad (Serbia) -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Research Area, Methodology and Data -- 2.1 Geographical Characteristics of the City of Novi Sad -- 2.2 Risk Assessment and Mapping Methodology -- 2.3 LCZs and Station Network Patterns -- 2.4 Temperature and Population Data -- 3 Results -- 4 Discussion -- 5 Conclusions -- References -- Assessment of Climate Change Impact on Water Requirements of Orchards in Bosnia and Herzegovina -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Materials and Methods -- 2.1 Characteristics of the Study Areas -- 2.2 Model Parameters and Input Data -- 3 Results and Discussion -- 4 Conclusion -- References -- Effects of Changes in Extreme Climate Events on Key Sectors in Bosnia and Herzegovina and Adaptation Options -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Data and Methods -- 3 Results and Discussion -- 4 Conclusion -- References -- Promoting Adaptation Within Urban Planning: Case Study of the General Regulation Plan of the City of Požarevac -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methodology -- 3 Case Study: The City of Požarevac -- 3.1 Overview of the Current State Within Planning in the Context of Climate Change in Republic of Serbia -- 3.2 Achieving Adaptation: Overview of the Adaptive Measures Within the Plan -- 4 Conclusions -- References -- Hail as a Natural Disaster in Bosnia and Herzegovina -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Physical-Geographical Characteristics of the Northern Part of Bosnia and Herzegovina -- 2.1 Geographical Location -- 2.2 Climate Features -- 2.3 Climate Change in Bosnia and Herzegovina. , 3 The Hail Occurrence Over the Northern Part of Bosnia and Herzegovina -- 3.1 Characteristics of the Atmosphere in Days with the Phenomenon -- 3.2 Height of Cumulonimbus (Cb) -- 3.3 Frequency of the Cumulonimbus Hail Occurrence -- 3.4 Spatial Distribution of the Hail Occurrence -- 4 Consequences of the Hailstorms -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Aggravated Occupational Heat Stress Recognition and Mitigation in Slovenia -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methods and Material -- 2.1 Heat Wave Analysis -- 2.2 Surveys Among Workers -- 3 Results and Discussion -- 3.1 Heat Wave Presentation for Bilje and Celje -- 3.2 Heat Stress Impact in Various Workplaces -- 4 Conclusion -- References -- Impacts of Future Climate Change on Runoff in Selected Catchments of Slovakia -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Study Area -- 3 Climate Change Scenarios -- 4 The WetSpa Rainfall-Runoff Model -- 5 Impacts of Climate Change on a Runoff Regime -- 6 Adaptation Measures -- 7 Conclusion -- References -- Adaptation Strategies to Reduce the Impact of Climate Change on Yield Loss in Northern Carpathians, Slovakia -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methodology -- 3 Results and Discussion -- 4 Conclusions -- References -- Adaptation of Eastern Europe Regional Agriculture to Climate Change: Risks and Management -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Extreme Fluctuations in Temperature and Precipitation and Their Impact on Agricultural Production -- 3 Regional Specificity and Climate Change Adaptation Strategies -- 4 Agri-Environmental Effects of Climate Change: The Kaliningrad Region (Russia) and Poland -- 5 Public Participation in Mitigating Negative Climate Change Consequences -- 6 Conclusions -- References -- Cross-Boundary Cooperation Between Bosnia and Herzegovina and Their Neighboring Countries Focusing on an Efficient Hail Protection as an Active Response to Global Climate Changes -- 1 Introduction. , 2 Methodological Approach -- 3 Results -- 3.1 Geospatial Determinants of Bosnia and Herzegovina Within the Context of Cross-Boundary Cooperation and Development -- 3.2 The Real and Potential Problems of Hail Risk and Consequences -- 3.3 The State and Problems of the Active Anti-hail Protection in BampH and Neighboring Countries -- 3.4 Potential Improvement of Anti-hail Protection Through Cross-Boundary Cooperation -- 4 Conclusions and Recommendations -- References -- Analysis of Existing Disaster Risk Reduction Programs and Enhancement of Capacity Development for Health Risks from Floods in Western Balkan -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Overview of Disaster Risk Reduction and Capacity Development -- 1.2 Overview of Existing Disaster Risk Reduction Programs -- 2 Current Situation Regarding Disaster Risk Reduction in Western Balkan Region -- 2.1 Regional Background -- 2.2 Analyzing Regional and National DRR Frameworks and Programs in Western Balkan -- 2.3 Republic of Croatia -- 2.4 Health Risks Caused by Floods in Western Balkan -- 3 Conclusions and Recommendations -- References -- Impacts of Climate Change on Water Resources of the Republic of Srpska (Entity of Bosnia and Herzegovina)-Geopolitical Aspect -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Natural and Geographical Characteristics of the Republic of Srpska -- 2 Hydrographic Characteristics of the Republic of Srpska -- 3 The Impact of Climate Change on the Geospace of the Republic of Srpska and Possibilities for Adaptation -- 4 Management of Water Resources Affected by Climate Change -- 5 Conclusions -- References -- Good Practices for Disaster Risk Reduction in Agriculture in the Western Balkans -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Agriculture Sector in the Western Balkans -- 3 Environmental Challenges -- 4 Impact of Natural Hazards on Agriculture in the Western Balkans. , 5 Climate Change Projections and the Expected Impacts on Agriculture.

Note: Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- Understanding Climate Change Hazards -- Hydrometeorological Analysis of an Extreme Flash-Flood: The 28 September 2012 Event in Murcia, South-Eastern Spain -- Introduction -- The Study Region -- The Hydrometeorological Episode: A Brief Description -- Analysis of the San Wenceslao Flash-Flood -- Observed Databases and Precipitation Analysis -- Basin Response and Hydrological Modelling -- Anthropogenic Impacts on the Basin Response -- Kinematics of the San Wenceslao Flash-Flood -- Storm Movement and Soil Variability: Impact on the Hydrological Response -- Conclusions -- References -- A Multiple Linear Regression-Based Approach for Storm Surge Prediction Along South Brazil -- Introduction -- Materials and Methods -- Astronomical Tide and Storm Surge -- Meteorological Data and the Mapping of the Cyclones' Paths -- Statistical Analysis and Data Filtering -- Extreme Data Analysis -- Results -- Analysis of the ADCP Data-Itapocorói Bay -- The Cyclones' Path -- Partial Serial Correlation (PSC) and Time Lag Multiple Linear Regression (TLMLR) -- Analysis of Positive and Negative Events Separately -- Validation of the Methodology -- Historical Analysis of Storm Surge -- Discussion -- Conclusion -- References -- Hydrodynamic Study of Free Standing Drilling Riser Under Hurricane Conditions -- Introduction -- Problem Statement -- Free Standing Drilling Riser -- Studies Conducted on Free Standing Drilling Riser (FSDR) -- API Recommended Practice for Design, Selection, Operation and Maintenance of Marine Drilling Riser System (API-RP 16Q) -- Hurricane -- Hurricane Generated Sea State -- Hurricane Generated Waves -- Hurricane Generated Swell -- Research Methodology -- Procedures to Develop the Functional Relationship Between Emergency Disconnection Location and Lateral Displacement of FSDR. , Procedures to Identify the Optimum Emergency Disconnection Location Along Drilling Riser Line in Technical Terms -- Procedures to Develop the Functional Relationship Between Saffir Simpson Scale Storm Maximum Significant Wave Height and Lateral Displacement of FSDR -- Procedure to Determine the Effect of Hurricane Generated Swell on Hydrodynamic Response of FSDR -- Results for Determination of Functional Relationship Between Emergency Disconnection Location and Lateral Displacement of FSDR -- Results for Determination of Optimum Emergency Disconnection Location Along Riser Line in Technical Terms -- Results for Determination of Functional Relationship Between Saffir Simpson Scale Maximum Significant Wave Height and Lateral Displacement of FSDR -- Results for Determination of Hydrodynamic Response of FSDR Under Hurricane Generated Swell -- Conclusion -- References -- Assessing Contribution of Climate Change on Wetlands by Using Multi-temporal Satellite Data -- Introduction -- Data and Methodology Used -- Results and Discussion -- Conclusions and Recommendations -- References -- City-scale Modeling of Urban Heat Islands for Kolkata -- Introduction -- Health Impacts of UHI -- Methods and Materials -- Study Area -- Preparation of Spatial Database -- Population Distribution -- Modeling of UHI Susceptibility -- Preparation of UHI Inventory Map and Training and Validation Dataset -- AHP Model -- Kernel Logistic Regression -- SVM Model -- SMCE Model -- Model Evaluation and Assessment -- Contribution measures for UHI Susceptibility -- Results and Discussion -- AHP Model and UHI Zonation -- KLR Model and UHI Zonation -- SVM Model and UHI Zonation -- SMCE Model and UHI Zonation -- Performances of City-scale UHI Models -- Assessment and Comparison of City-scale UHI Models -- Applicability of the Models and Priority Voting Ensemble of Contributing Factors. , Conclusion -- References -- GIS Hazard Assessments as the First Step to Climate Change Adaptation -- Introduction -- Study Area -- Methods -- Index Distribution -- Management Considerations -- Conclusions -- References -- Landscape Ecology and Conservation for Building Resilience and Adaptation to Global Change in Venezuela -- Introduction -- Conceptual Theoretical Framework About the Landscape Analysis -- Landscape Ecology: Spatial Patterns and Dynamics of Changes -- Modelling of Climate Change Scenarios -- Conservation and Adaptation -- Methodological Contributions for Building Resilience -- Building Resilience -- Conclusions -- References -- Influence of Vegetation in the Creation of Urban Microclimates -- Introduction -- Methodology -- Results and Discussions -- Strategies -- Conclusions -- References -- Preliminary Evaluation of Emergency Shelters for Disasters Associated with Landslides at the Hydrographic Basin of Corrego D'Antas, Nova Friburgo, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil -- Introduction -- The Socio-Environmental Disasters Associated with Landslide and the Reduction of Vulnerability Through Emergency Shelters (ES's) -- Emergency Shelters (ES) -- Study Area -- Methodology for Constructing a ES Evaluation Coefficient -- Calculation of ECES-CD and Classification of Shelters -- ECES-CD Application Methodology -- Results -- Conclusion -- References -- Assessment of Carbon Sequestration Potential of a Disturbed Humid Tropical Ecosystem, Southeast Nigeria -- Introduction -- Materials and Methods -- Sample Collection -- Determination of Carbon Stock of the Woody Species -- Statistical Analysis -- Major Limitations of This Research -- Results and Discussion -- Ecological Characteristics of the Study Area -- Carbon Sequestration Across Land Use Categories -- Relationship Between Ecological Characteristics and Carbon Sequestered by Tree Species. , Discussion -- Conclusion -- References -- Flash-Floods: More Often, More Severe, More Damaging? An Analysis of Hydro-geo-environmental Conditions and Anthropogenic Impacts -- Introduction: Peculiarities of Flash Floods and the Question of Anthropogenic Effects -- Effects of Climate Warming -- Effects of Altered Land Use and Land Cover -- Effects of Engineering Measures Along the River Course and Within the Catchment -- Case Study: The Extreme Braunsbach Flash Flood, 29th May, 2016 -- Description of the Affected Region -- Rainfall Conditions -- Discharge Situation -- Geomorphological Analysis -- Damage Analysis -- Intensified Rainfall as a Consequence of Global/Regional Warming -- Land Use, Land Cover and Land Surface Conditions -- Constructions Along the River Course and Within the Catchment -- Discussion and Conclusions -- References -- Landslide Hazard Induced by Climate Changes in North-Eastern Romania -- Introduction -- Landslides in Northeastern Romania -- Climate Change Scenarios -- Methods -- Forecasting the Influence of Climate Change for Landslide Hazard -- Conclusions -- References -- Objective Analysis of Envelope Curves for Peak Floods of European and Mediterranean Flash Floods -- Introduction -- Materials and Methods -- The EuroMedeFF Database -- Use of Quantile Regression for Derivation of Flash Flood Envelope Curves -- Results and Discussion -- Conclusions -- References -- Treatment of Natural Hazards Within Planning Documents in Serbia in Relation to Climate Change Issues -- Introduction -- Methodology -- Planning and Natural Hazards in Serbia -- Treatment of Natural Hazards Within the Planning Documents in Serbia -- The Case of the Kolubara Lignite Basin -- Conclusions and Recommendations for Planning Policy -- References -- Occurrence and Characteristics of Flash Floods in Bavaria (Germany) -- Introduction. , The Flash Flood Events in May and June 2016 in Bavaria -- Flash Flood Identification Based on Discharge Measurements -- Selection of Suitable Gauging Stations -- Flood Identification from Discharge Time Series -- Determination of Flash Flood Events -- Occurrence and Characteristics of Flash Floods in Bavaria -- Flash Flood Occurrence and Frequency -- Classification into the European Context -- Seasonal Distribution of Flash Floods -- Flash Flood Magnitude and Speed -- Discussion -- Conclusion -- References -- Ozone Layer Holes, Regional Climate Change and Possible Ways for Their Forecasting -- Introduction -- Methodology -- Ozone Layer and Ozone Hole -- Ozone and Its Influence on Earth's Ecosystem -- Regional Climate -- Climate Change and Total Ozone -- Regional Hazards and Their Prediction -- Statistical Assessment of Total Ozone and Surface Temperature Correlation -- Case study 1: The Ozone Mechanisms on the Territory of Belarus -- Case study 2: The Ozone Mechanism and Sudden Stratospheric Warming in February 2018 -- Conclusion -- References -- The Protective Role of Forests to Reduce Rockfall Risks and Impacts in the Alps Under a Climate Change Perspective -- Protection Forests -- Managing Protection Forests Against Rockfall Hazard -- Managing Protection Forests Under Climate Change -- Conclusions -- References -- Handling the Impacts of Climate Hazards via Adaptation Methods and Options -- Towards a Prioritized Climate Change Management Strategy: A Revisit to Mitigation and Adaptation Policies -- Introduction -- Climate Change Management Policies: A Dilemma Between Two Choices -- Mitigation Policy -- Adaptation Policy: From a Dilemma to Choice -- Contextualizing Adaptation Priority -- Benefits of Adaptation Priority -- Conclusion -- References -- Urban Heat Island Effect, Extreme Temperatures and Climate Change: A Case Study of Hong Kong SAR. , Introduction.