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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Soil Microbes Expertly Balancing Nutrient Demands and Environmental Preservation and Ensuring the Delicate Stability of Our Ecosystems- A Review
    Sciencedomain International ; 2023
    In:  International Journal of Plant & Soil Science Vol. 35, No. 18 ( 2023-07-26), p. 989-1000
    Details
    In: International Journal of Plant & Soil Science, Sciencedomain International, Vol. 35, No. 18 ( 2023-07-26), p. 989-1000
    Abstract: It scrutinizes the critical role of soil microbes in balancing nutrient demands and environmental preservation, thereby ensuring the stability of our ecosystems. The document elucidates how these microscopic organisms play a pivotal role in various ecosystem processes such as nutrient cycling, organic matter decomposition, and the promotion of plant health. It details how their metabolic processes influence soil fertility and plant growth, maintaining a fine equilibrium between the soil's nutrient demand and environmental conservation. The review stresses the influence of microbes on soil health and their potential role in mitigating climate change through carbon sequestration, demonstrating their significance beyond primary production. The correlation between microbial communities, climate change, and soil degradation is emphasized, showing how these factors interact in a complex, interconnected network. Modern microbial management strategies, highlighting sustainable methods to exploit their potential in agriculture and environmental conservation. It advocates for more research into soil microbiome functionality, with a special focus on the impact of human activities and climate change. By emphasizing that soil microbes, although invisible, carry profound implications for global sustainability and food security. By optimizing microbial functions, we can improve soil health and fertility, contributing significantly to ecosystem resilience and stability.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2320-7035
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.9734/ijpss/2023/v35i183363
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Sciencedomain International
    Publication Date: 2023
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Potential Influence of Forests and Climate Change on the Environmental Fates of Organic Compounds in Tropical Watersheds
    Sciencedomain International ; 2020
    In:  Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology ( 2020-06-08), p. 41-54
    Details
    In: Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology, Sciencedomain International, ( 2020-06-08), p. 41-54
    Abstract: This exploratory review synthesizes current knowledge on the use, exposures and environmental fates of PBDEs, dioxins and dioxin-like chemicals, and current-use pesticides, as well as purports the potential for forests and climate change to affect their fates at the catchment scale in tropical regions. Organic compounds such as these are under global scrutiny because of their widespread distribution and potential for adverse health impacts. PBDEs and current-use pesticides are produced for their beneficial services as flame retardants and pest controls, respectively, whereas dioxins and furans are the by-products of combustion events involving many organic compounds. However, these chemicals distribute to various environmental media and are associated with adverse health effects, including neurotoxicity and carcinogenicity. Previous studies have shown that temperate and boreal forests influence the environmental fates of some organic chemicals by transferring them from the atmosphere to the soils, therefore potentially reducing atmospheric exposure. Changing climate variables, such as temperature change, are also expected to be important in the environmental distribution of organic contaminants. However, the effect of these factors, forests and climate change, on the environmental fates of organic pollutants in tropical watersheds have not been adequately examined. Knowledge of the fates and impacts of organic pollutants in tropical regions is critical for environmental management and policy development therein, and this review therefore explores the potential influences of forests and climate change on contaminant fates in tropical regions. Finally, the areas where more research is needed to assist in these endeavors are elucidated.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2457-1024
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.9734/cjast/2020/v39i1430699
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Sciencedomain International
    Publication Date: 2020
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Organic Farming vs. Integrated Nutrient Management: A Comparative Review of Agricultural Productivity and Sustainability
    Sciencedomain International ; 2024
    In:  International Journal of Plant & Soil Science Vol. 36, No. 6 ( 2024-05-10), p. 460-473
    Details
    In: International Journal of Plant & Soil Science, Sciencedomain International, Vol. 36, No. 6 ( 2024-05-10), p. 460-473
    Abstract: In an era where sustainable agriculture is crucial for global food security and environmental preservation, organic farming and Integrated Nutrient Management (INM) have emerged as leading practices. This review paper offers a comprehensive comparison of these two approaches, focusing on their impact on agricultural productivity and sustainability. Organic farming, with its emphasis on reducing the use of chemical fertilizers, pesticides, growth hormones, and feed additives, aligns closely with the principles of sustainability. It enhances food quality, promotes soil health, and mitigates adverse environmental effects by encouraging natural recovery cycles. However, organic farming's limitations, such as lower yields and a more labour-intensive approach have prompted interest in innovative solutions that blend organic practices with modern technologies. Integrated Nutrient Management (INM) presents a compelling alternative. By combining organic, inorganic, and biological nutrient sources, INM seeks to optimize nutrient use efficiency and maintain soil health. This approach offers a flexible nutrient management strategy, balancing organic and inorganic inputs to maintain crop productivity while reducing environmental impact. Studies have shown that INM can improve soil properties, such as bulk density, porosity, and water-holding capacity, leading to enhanced crop yields and lower greenhouse gas emissions. The paper explores how INM's integrated approach not only stabilizes crop production but also supports the growth of soil microbes, providing a source of energy and organic carbon. By using a combination of specific microorganisms, organic matter, and minimal doses of inorganic fertilizers, INM can achieve a harmonious balance that reduces environmental pollution and ensures long-term soil fertility. Ultimately, this review underscores the potential of combining organic and INM practices to create a sustainable and productive agricultural system. Through a comparative analysis, the paper aims to guide researchers, policymakers, and farmers towards adopting strategies that foster agricultural sustainability without compromising productivity.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2320-7035
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.9734/ijpss/2024/v36i64648
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Sciencedomain International
    Publication Date: 2024
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Managing Attitudinal Constraints towards the Environment: A Panacea for Effective Waste Management in Port Harcourt and Its Environs
    Sciencedomain International ; 2020
    In:  Journal of Geography, Environment and Earth Science International ( 2020-12-31), p. 14-21
    Details
    In: Journal of Geography, Environment and Earth Science International, Sciencedomain International, ( 2020-12-31), p. 14-21
    Abstract: The management of people’s attitude towards the environment in today’s world has become an issue of global concern as it has been identified as the only way out to achieving a clean, safe and healthy environment. This study examined the waste situation presently in Port Harcourt as well as the constraints to environmental management in Port Harcourt and it was reported that most people have adopted wrong attitudes that impacts on the environment knowingly or unknowingly and hence these overtime have become a way of life that have overtime crept into the society as a lifestyle not minding its attending consequences and as a result puts a limitation to managing environmental challenges. The study also examined environmental and health implications of poor attitudes to waste management and it was discovered that arising from poor attitudes to the environment, the quality of the environment has deteriorated and that this have helped in increasing the spread of communicable diseases among residents and also flooding and other environmental challenges. The study however stated that poor air quality affect human health through adverse health conditions which affects the gastrointestinal linings, respiratory tract diseases and other   ill health. Arising from the study enlightenment campaign for all at schools, churches,        communities and Local Government levels, adoption and integration of environmental education into the present day school curriculum at all levels and the enforcement of environmental laws  on indiscriminate waste disposal will serve as a panacea for effective waste management in   Port Harcourt.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2454-7352
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.9734/jgeesi/2020/v24i1030258
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Sciencedomain International
    Publication Date: 2020
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Strategies and Technologies in Weed Management: A Comprehensive Review
    Sciencedomain International ; 2023
    In:  Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology Vol. 42, No. 29 ( 2023-09-06), p. 20-29
    Details
    In: Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology, Sciencedomain International, Vol. 42, No. 29 ( 2023-09-06), p. 20-29
    Abstract: The global burden of weed infestations presents profound challenges for agricultural productivity, economic profitability, and environmental sustainability. This comprehensive review encapsulates a broad spectrum of weed management strategies, examining traditional practices and probing into the frontier of emerging technologies. The review begins by elucidating the historical context and significance of weed management, substantiated by a diverse range of scholarly works. We explore the complex nature of weeds, including their definitions, classifications, and the multifaceted impacts they exert on agriculture, ecosystems, and, where applicable, human health. Traditional weed management strategies, encompassing manual, cultural, biological, and chemical controls, are discussed with a balanced evaluation of their merits and demerits, supported by a wide array of research. The core of this review is an in-depth analysis of burgeoning technologies in weed management, comprising precision agriculture, genomic approaches, and robotic weed control, among others. We provide case studies highlighting the effectiveness of these innovations, while also addressing potential implementation challenges. Further, the review engages in an evaluation of the environmental and socioeconomic implications of both traditional and modern weed management strategies. Discussion: Around the environmental footprint of weed control, the economic benefits, potential downsides, and labor issues are corroborated by substantial literature. Recognizing the limitations of current strategies and the challenges posed by the implementation of nascent technologies, the review culminates in an exploration of prospective directions for weed management. Considering the continuous technological advancements, a future replete with precise, sustainable strategies, and the advent of smart systems, fortified by artificial intelligence and machine learning is anticipated. Moreover, the importance of fostering interdisciplinary collaborations and recommendation of the development of policies that incentivize the adoption of sustainable weed management practices are underestimated. This review, consequently, serves as a sound source for researchers, practitioners, and policy-makers in charting the course of new endeavors in weed management.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2457-1024
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.9734/cjast/2023/v42i294203
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Sciencedomain International
    Publication Date: 2023
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Exploring Waste Tyres Problems and Sustainable Waste Management in the Tunisian Context
    Sciencedomain International ; 2022
    In:  Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology ( 2022-09-29), p. 1-20
    Details
    In: Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology, Sciencedomain International, ( 2022-09-29), p. 1-20
    Abstract: Aims and Place of Study: Waste tyres represent one of the environmentally damaging fractions of the solid waste stream in Tunisia, where the problem of inefficient waste tyre management is endemic. This is easily identified by the piles of accumulating tyre waste located on both sides of many streets and in illegal places. therefore, the efficient management of this solid waste category is important given the large quantities generated annually. The difficulties represented by waste tyres in waste management stem from the physical and chemical characteristics of the tyres. Significant environmental problems can also arise due to improper management and disposal of waste tyres. However, in many Global South countries, including Tunisia, the management of waste tyres has not received adequate interest, and the waste tyres' processing, treatment and disposal are still nascent. Methodology: This study attempts to establish the actions of stakeholders who have the responsibility for waste tyre management as an aspect of solid waste in Tunisia. This study also assesses and analyses important aspects of waste tyres management in Tunisia. A combination of two methods is employed in the present investigation: qualitative and quantitative, to determine the factors influencing the effective performance of tyre waste management practice in Tunisia. Data for the present research study was gained using relevant published literature, scientific journals, academic sources, other third sector sources such as government statistical data, and research derived from governments and other agencies and field observations. In addition to the semi-structured interviews with stakeholders involved in waste management, other interviews with actors including governmental, private, academic institutions and NGOs were carried out. Results and Conclusion: The outcomes of this investigation and assessment are a wide-range outline concerning the participants that are important in tyre waste management and a set of aspects affecting the management of waste tyres. The information provided by this study is very critical for reviewing and updating the methods and tools to update waste tyres data and trends to improve tyre waste management system efficiency and suggesting management options of recovering and recycling this waste stream that is most sustainable and beneficial to the environment from a life cycle assessment (LCA) perspective, for the Tunisian context. About current Tunisia’s waste tyre management systems, they have to be improved by introducing specific legislation, with sustainable finance, on the disposal of waste tyres and forming schemes to oversee and manage the country's waste tyre activities. The research has enabled the researcher to produce a set of recommendations to improve the management of waste tyres sustainably in Tunisia.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2457-1024
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.9734/cjast/2022/v41i353956
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Sciencedomain International
    Publication Date: 2022
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  • 7
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    Online Resource
    Integrated Nutrient Management: A Long-term Approach towards Sustainability
    Sciencedomain International ; 2022
    In:  International Journal of Plant & Soil Science ( 2022-06-24), p. 433-446
    Details
    In: International Journal of Plant & Soil Science, Sciencedomain International, ( 2022-06-24), p. 433-446
    Abstract: Increased global food demand, as well as the need for an environmentally acceptable approach for a sustainable soil-plant-microbe-environmental system, necessitate special attention when it comes to agricultural productivity. Chemical fertilization is one approach to increase crop productivity as happened during the Green revolution. Food grain output in India increased from 115.6 million tonnes in 1960-61 to over 281.37 million tonnes in 2018-19 as a result of chemical fertilization. Similarly, yearly fertilizer use jumped from 0.07 million tonnes in 1951-52 to over 25.95 million tonnes in 2016-17.But due to injudicious use of chemical fertilizers soil, plant, human and animal health are at stake. Also, increased soil compaction and widespread multinutrient deficits have emerged as important restrictions limiting crop productivity and farm income. Because a major rise in fertilizer consumption is unlikely in the near future for economic and environmental reasons, there is a need to improve nutrient use efficiency through integrated and balanced fertilizer. On the other hand, organic manures, are unable to fulfill all of a crop's nutritional needs. Integrated nutrient management (INM) was created as a result of the aforesaid factors being taken into account. In this paper,role of INM in overcoming these difficulties is discussed, as it has been offered as a promising solution for tackling these issues. Plant performance and resource efficiency can be improved in a variety of ways with INM while also allowing for environmental and resource protection quality. With the use of advanced INM procedures, chemical fertilizer inputs are reduced, resulting in fewer human and environmental costs without any negative impact on crop production.Long-term research in various soil-crop situations have demonstrated the advantages of integrated nutrient management (INM), which includes the utilisation of organic and biological resources as well as fertilizers. The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of the effect of various INM components on Physical, chemical, and biological properties of soil, nutrient use efficiency, crop productivity and the role of these components in improving soil health. The majority of INM research has been done using dominant crop rotations of main field crops cultivated in the subtropical North Western states of India and most of the experiments revealed that INM leads to long term sustainable production along with providing nutritional security and also reduces pollution and enhances soil health by improving various physical, chemical and biological properties of soil.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2320-7035
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.9734/ijpss/2022/v34i2031171
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Sciencedomain International
    Publication Date: 2022
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  • 8
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    Online Resource
    Site-specific Crop Nutrient Management for Precision Agriculture – A Review
    Sciencedomain International ; 2021
    In:  Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology ( 2021-05-19), p. 37-52
    Details
    In: Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology, Sciencedomain International, ( 2021-05-19), p. 37-52
    Abstract: Present irrational crop and nutrient management practices have raised several concerns of high merit. The concerns include low factor productivity or nutrient use efficiency (NUE), declining crop productivity, farmer’s profitability, impaired soil health and ecological contamination. Site-specific nutrient management (SSNM), after considering indigenous nutrient supplying capacity of soil using plant and soil analysis, can feed the crop in synchrony with its nutrient requirement in different physiological growth stages. Besides, several modern geospatial techniques viz. remote sensing techniques, geographic information system (GIS), global positioning system (GPS), proximal sensing; information and communication technologies (ICTs) including decision support system, smartphone apps and web services can also assist in diagnosis of soil and crop nutrient status, fertilizer recommendation and its dissemination to users. Optical and thermal remote sensing can effectively detect crop stress including nitrogen (N) deficiency through several vegetation indices especially normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI). GIS techniques with spatial data acquired by GPS, can create spatial variability map and management zone (MZ) for precise farm operations including variable rate fertilization. Proximal crop sensors viz. chlorophyll meter and Green Seeker can also recognize crop nitrogen status and promote fertilizer N use efficiency by synchronizing fertilizer N supply with crop requirement. Even proximal soil sensing using electromagnetic radiation and contact electrode can estimate soil properties like soil pH, electrical conductivity, major and micronutrient content. Several decision support systems such as QUEFTS based model, crop manager, nutrient expert® and smartphone apps like ‘crop doctor’ can suggest for precise application of agro-inputs to rural youths and farmers. Yield monitoring and mapping tool can generate historical GIS database for spatial variability of crop yield under farmers’ crop management practices and assessment of nutrient uptake. Variable rate machinery based on variability map and sensor technologies can also be used for fertilization under different management zones. Therefore, SSNM technologies can enhance NUE; improve and sustain crop productivity, profitability; avoid nutrient wastage; maintain good soil health and environmental safety.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2457-1024
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.9734/cjast/2021/v40i1031357
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Sciencedomain International
    Publication Date: 2021
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  • 9
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    Online Resource
    Soil Carbon Pools, Carbon and Nitrogen Storage Pattern in Soil Aggregate Fractions under Long-term Application of Organic and Synthetic Fertilizers in Rice-Wheat System: A Review
    Sciencedomain International ; 2020
    In:  Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology ( 2020-06-25), p. 53-65
    Details
    In: Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology, Sciencedomain International, ( 2020-06-25), p. 53-65
    Abstract: Soil organic matter (SOM) has long been recognized as an important indicator of soil productivity. The SOM refers to the organic fraction of undecayed plant and animal residues. The preservation of SOM is crucial to ensure long-term sustainability of agricultural ecosystems. OM plays a critical role in the global carbon balance that is thought to be the major factor affecting global warming. Overall, adequate amounts of SOM maintain soil quality and reduce environmental pollution. SOC concentrations and storage to 60 cm depth are significantly influenced due to long-term fertilization. The SOC storage in 0–60 cm in NP+FYM (farmyard manure), NP+S, FYM and NP treatments were increased as compared to the CK treatment. The concentration of particulate organic carbon (POC), dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and microbial biomass carbon (MBC) in organic manure plus inorganic fertilizer treatments (NP+S and NP+FYM) in 0–60 cm depth increased linearly with increasing SOC content. Light fraction organic carbon (LFOC) was also significantly higher following the treatments including organic amendment than following applications solely of chemical fertilizers. Application solely of chemical fertilizers had no significant effects on LFOC and KMnO4C fractions compared with unfertilized control plots. Carbon pools were significantly correlated with SOC, which increased with application of organic amendments. Threshold C input of 3.3 MgCha-1 yr-1 was needed to maintain the SOC stock even at the low antecedent level. This review study will be helpful in crafting sustainable nutrient management programs in the future to enhance crop productivity with high efficiency and minimum nutrient loss. Therefore, fertilization strategies that include organic manure can increase the pool of stable C in the surface soil layer, while at the same time increasing concentrations and proportions of labile C. Organic manure use contributes to improved nutrient cycling services and higher soil quality in rice-wheat system. 
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2457-1024
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.9734/cjast/2020/v39i1630734
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Sciencedomain International
    Publication Date: 2020
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  • 10
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    Online Resource
    A Comprehensive Overview of Plant Pathology Understanding Disease Mechanisms and Control
    Sciencedomain International ; 2023
    In:  International Journal of Plant & Soil Science Vol. 35, No. 20 ( 2023-10-09), p. 1207-1214
    Details
    In: International Journal of Plant & Soil Science, Sciencedomain International, Vol. 35, No. 20 ( 2023-10-09), p. 1207-1214
    Abstract: The realm of plant pathology stands at the crossroads of rising challenges and groundbreaking innovations. This review delves deep into the ever-evolving landscape of threats and strategies in plant diseases, examining the myriad factors influencing this dynamic field. We first dissect the emergence and re-emergence of plant pathogens, attributing their evolution to a combination of ecological disruptions, global trade, and changing environmental conditions. Climate change is then spotlighted, revealing its multifaceted impact on the interplay between plants and pathogens. The cascading effects of rising temperatures, shifting rainfall patterns, and frequent extreme weather events reshape the vulnerabilities and resistances in the plant kingdom. Concurrently, the critical role of biosecurity in an interconnected world is elucidated, emphasizing the need for predictive and reactive measures to prevent inadvertent pathogen spread across borders. In juxtaposition to these challenges, the review shines a light on the promise held by technological advancements. The potential of drones equipped with advanced sensors, the analytical prowess of artificial intelligence, and the genetic wizardry of tools like CRISPR offer glimpses into a future where disease detection, management, and control are not just efficient but also sustainable. The prospects of nanotechnology in delivering targeted treatments herald a new era in plant disease management, minimizing collateral environmental impacts. In essence, while the challenges in plant pathology are formidable, spurred by natural processes and human actions, the wheels of innovation offer robust countermeasures. This comprehensive exploration underscores the importance of holistic approaches, integrating traditional knowledge with technological advancements, and fostering global collaborations. It is through these synergies that the health and prosperity of our ecosystems can be ensured in the face of dynamic threats. The narrative thus crafted serves as a clarion call for collective action, ensuring that the balance between plants and pathogens remains harmonious, securing a sustainable future for generations to come.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2320-7035
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.9734/ijpss/2023/v35i203918
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Sciencedomain International
    Publication Date: 2023
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