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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Modelling teleconnections between the North Atlantic and North Pacific during the Younger Dryas (1997)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 387 (1997), S. 384-387 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Evidence for a cooling event synchronous with the Younger Dryas (12,000 calendar years before present) has been found in the North Pacific Ocean north of 30° N in records of surface1–5 and subsurface water properties6,7. These changes may be related to a ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/387384a0
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    reply Life, geology and snowball Earth (2001)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 409 (2001), S. 306-306 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Hyde et al. reply We are not convinced that the data discussed by Schrag and Hoffman can be interpreted in only one way. With respect to the duration of glaciation, calculations suggest that the open-water solution could have persisted up to CO2 levels of about ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/35053172
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Neoproterozoic ‘snowball Earth’ simulations with a coupled climate/ice-sheet model (2000)
    [s.l.] : Macmillian Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 405 (2000), S. 425-429 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Ice sheets may have reached the Equator in the late Proterozoic era (600–800 Myr ago), according to geological and palaeomagnetic studies, possibly resulting in a ‘snowball Earth’. But this period was a critical time in the evolution of multicellular animals, posing the ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/35013005
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Modelling teleconnections between the North Atlantic and North Pacific during the Younger Dryas (1997)
    [s.l.] : Macmillan Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 388 (1997), S. 602-602 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Nature 387, 384–387 (1997) In Figs 1 and 3b , the numbering was very faint; also, shading was lost from Fig. 4 . The corrected figures 1 , 3b and 4 are shown ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/388602a0
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ice age carbon (1991)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 352 (1991), S. 575-576 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] SIR - Two recent attempts have been made to understand past changes in the global carbon cycle by estimating changes in carbon storage during the ice age. One was based on a climate-biosphere model1, the other on palaeoecological inferences2. Changes in carbon storage are thought to be related to ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/352575b0
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ice-age methane variations (1991)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 353 (1991), S. 122-123 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] SIR - Chappellaz et al.1 note that methane fluctuations in the last glacial cycle, which have a strong 23,000-year (23-kyr) precession component (a in the figure), compare favourably with calculated precipitation variations2 in the area of the Asian monsoon (b). A further justification for the ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/353122b0
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Climate sensitivity constrained by temperature reconstructions over the past seven centuries (2006)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 440 (2006), S. 1029-1032 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] There is a 〈weblink url="/nature/journal/v446/n7131/full/nature05707.html"〉Brief Communications Arising (01 March 2007) associated with this document The magnitude and impact of future global warming depends on the sensitivity of the climate system to changes in greenhouse gas ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature04679
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Climate modelling Uncertainty in climate-sensitivity estimates (Reply) (2007)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 446.2007, 7131, E2-, (1 S.) 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Despite Schneider's claim, the method we use to estimate equilibrium climate sensitivity from multiple proxy-based reconstructions of the temperature in the Northern Hemisphere does account for uncertainty in reconstructions, including that associated with non-temperature and sampling ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature05708
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Snowline instability in a general circulation model: application to Carboniferous glaciation (1994)
    Springer
    Climate dynamics 10 (1994), S. 363-376 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0894
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract For over twenty years it has been known that energy balance models (EBMs) with snow-albedo feedback are characterized by unstable behavior in some areas of parameter space. This behavior leads to rapid changes in snow area due to small changes in forcing, and has been termed the small ice cap instability (SICI). It has never been clarified whether this behaviour reflects a real feature of the climate system or a limitation in EBMs. In this study we demonstrate that evidence for similar unstable behavior can also be found in an atmospheric general circulation model (GCM), using a realistic set of boundary conditions for the Carboniferous (300 Ma), one of the most extensive periods of glaciation in Earth history. When solar luminosity is sequentially lowered to near values appropriate for the Carboniferous, there is a discontinuous increase in summer snow area. The instability occurs in approximately the same area of parameter space as one previously found in an EBM. Analysis of selected fields indicates that the circulation is primarily affected in the area of snow increase; far-field effects are minimal. There is good agreement between model-generated summer snowcover and one reconstruction of Carboniferous ice cover. Although more work is required on this topic, our results provide increased support for the possibility that the snowline instability represents a real feature of the climate system, and that it may help explain some cases of glacial inception and abrupt transitions in Earth history.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00219476
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Late Pleistocene variations in Antarctic sea ice II: effect of interhemispheric deep-ocean heat exchange (1988)
    Springer
    Climate dynamics 3 (1988), S. 93-103 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0894
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Variations in production rates of warm North Atlantic Deep Water (NADW) have been proposed as a mechanism for linking climate fluctuations in the northern and southern hemispheres during the Pleistocene. We have tested this hypothesis by examining the sensitivity of a thermodynamic/dynamic model for Antarctic sea ice to changes in vertical ocean heat flux and comparing the simulations with modified CLIMAP sea-ice maps for 18 000 B.P. Results suggest that changes in NADW production rates, and the consequent changes in the vertical ocean heat flux in the Antarctic, can only account for about 20%–30% of the overall variance in Antarctic sea-ice extent. This conclusion has been validated against an independent geological data set involving a time series of sea-surface temperatures from the subantarctic. The latter comparison suggests that, although the overall influence of NADW is relatively minor, the linkage may be much more significant at the 41 000-year obliquity period. Despite some limitations in the models and geological data, we conclude that NADW variations may have played only a modest role in causing late Pleistocene climate change in the high latitudes of the southern hemisphere. Our conclusion is consistent with calculations by Manabe and Broccoli (1985) suggesting that atmospheric CO2 changes may be more important for linking the two hemispheres.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01080903
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