Anmerkung: Intro -- Preface -- Acknowledgment -- Contents -- Contributors -- About the Editors -- Chapter 1: Introduction: Biodiversity and Evolution of Parasitic Life in the Southern Ocean -- References -- Chapter 2: Antarctica: The Peculiar World -- Further Reading -- Chapter 3: The History of Antarctic Parasitological Research -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 The Early Years (1853-1920) -- 3.3 1929-1950 -- 3.4 1951-1960 -- 3.5 1961-1970 -- 3.6 1971-1980 -- 3.7 1981-2000 -- 3.8 2001-2016 -- 3.9 Antarctic Parasitology Research in the Future -- References -- Chapter 4: Biodiversity and Host Specificity of Monogenea in Antarctic Fish Species -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Biodiversity of Antarctic Monogenea -- 4.2.1 Monopisthocotylea -- 4.2.1.1 Gyrodactylidae -- 4.2.1.2 Tetraonchoididae -- 4.2.1.3 Capsalidae -- 4.2.2 Polyopisthocotylea -- 4.3 Host Specificity of Antarctic Monogenea -- 4.4 Biogeography of Antarctic Monogenea -- 4.5 Concluding Remarks -- References -- Chapter 5: Biodiversity and Evolution of Digeneans of Fishes in the Southern Ocean -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.1.1 Historical Notes -- 5.1.2 The Southern Ocean -- 5.1.3 Developing Knowledge of Digenean Diversity in the Southern Ocean -- 5.1.3.1 Exploring the Taxonomy of the Digeneans in the Southern Ocean -- 5.1.3.2 Faunistic and Ecological Studies -- 5.2 Digeneans in Fishes of the Southern Ocean: Taxonomic Diversity and Patterns of Host-Specificity -- 5.3 Contemporary Diversity Assessment: Current Baselines -- 5.3.1 Importance of Baselines for Prediction of Global Changes -- 5.3.2 Spatial Distribution of Host and Parasite Diversity -- 5.4 Phylogenetic Framework: First Molecular Data for Digeneans in the Southern Ocean -- 5.5 Future Directions -- References -- Chapter 6: Cestodes and Nematodes of Antarctic Fishes and Birds -- 6.1 Cestodes of Antarctic Fishes and Birds -- 6.1.1 Introduction. , 6.1.2 Systematic Review of Cestodes Parasitizing Fishes -- 6.1.2.1 Cestodes of Skates -- 6.1.2.2 Cestodes of Bony Fishes -- 6.1.3 Systematic Review of Cestodes Parasitizing Birds -- 6.1.4 Review of Larval Forms Occurring in Teleosts -- 6.1.5 Life Cycle Biology of Antarctic Cestodes -- 6.2 Nematodes of Antarctic Fishes and Birds -- 6.2.1 Introduction -- 6.2.2 Systematic Review of Nematodes Parasitizing Fishes -- 6.2.3 Systematic Review of Nematodes Parasitizing Birds -- References -- Chapter 7: Inventorying Biodiversity of Anisakid Nematodes from the Austral Region: A Hotspot of Genetic Diversity? -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 How Many Anisakid Species Are There? -- 7.3 The Current Taxonomy of Anisakis spp. from the Austral Region -- 7.4 The Current Taxonomy of Pseudoterranova spp. from the Austral Region -- 7.5 The Current Taxonomy of Contracaecum spp. from the Austral Region -- 7.5.1 The Contracaecum osculatum (s. l.) Complex of Species -- 7.5.2 The Contracaecum ogmorhini Species Complex -- 7.6 Current Methods for the Identification of Anisakid Nematodes from the Austral Region -- 7.7 Host Preference in Anisakid Nematodes and Host-­Parasite Co-phylogenetic Pathways -- 7.8 Anisakids as Indicators of Trophic Web Stability and Habitat Disturbance of Marine Ecosystems from the Austral Region -- 7.9 Are Those Anisakids Species from the Austral Region of Zoonotic Importance to Humans? -- 7.10 Conclusions and Future Prospects -- References -- Chapter 8: Acanthocephalans in Sub-Antarctic and Antarctic -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Checklist of the Antarctic and Sub-Antarctic Acanthocephala -- 8.3 Representatives of Acanthocephalans Genera Occurring in Antarctica and Sub-Antarctica -- References -- Chapter 9: Macroparasites in Antarctic Penguins -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Diversity and Richness of Helminth Parasites. , 9.3 Life Cycles and Source of Infection of Helminths -- 9.4 Ectoparasites -- 9.5 Prevalence and Parasitism Intensity -- 9.6 Parasite Effects on Antarctic Penguins -- 9.7 Potential Effects of Climate Change -- 9.8 Conclusions and Future Prospective -- References -- Chapter 10: Lice on Seals in the Antarctic Waters and Lice in Temperate Climates -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Morphology of Antarctophthirius ogmorhini -- 10.2.1 General Aspects -- 10.2.2 Peculiarities of Antarctophthirius ogmorhini -- 10.2.3 Comparisons to Other Lice -- 10.3 Transmission of Agents of Diseases -- References and Further reading -- Index.

Anmerkung: Intro -- Preface -- Acknowledgement -- About the Editors -- Contents -- Chapter 1: Introduction: The World of Bats -- References -- Chapter 2: Bats: A Glimpse on Their Astonishing Morphology and Lifestyle -- 2.1 Systematic Position -- 2.2 Morphology -- 2.3 Food of Bats -- 2.4 Social Behavior and Reproduction -- 2.5 Geographic Range -- 2.6 Parasites -- 2.7 Bats as Victims and Vectors of Diseases -- 2.8 Bats and Men -- References -- Chapter 3: Bats as Potential Reservoir Hosts for Vector-Borne Diseases -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Pathogens in Bats, Humans and Haematophagic Insects -- 3.2.1 Bunyaviridae -- 3.2.2 Togaviridae -- 3.2.3 Flaviviridae: Flavivirus -- 3.3 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 4: Bat Endoparasites: A UK Perspective -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Haematozoa -- 4.2.1 Trypanosomes -- 4.2.1.1 Schizotrypanum in UK Bats -- 4.2.1.2 Megatrypanum in UK Bats -- 4.2.2 Piroplasms in UK Bats -- 4.2.3 Haemosporidia in UK Bats -- 4.3 Gastrointestinal Parasites -- 4.3.1 Helminths in UK Bats -- 4.3.2 Coccidia in UK Bats -- 4.4 Toxoplasma gondii: A Significant Natural Reservoir in Bats? -- 4.5 Bat Health and Parasite Infection -- 4.6 Conclusions -- 4.6.1 Future Perspectives -- References -- Chapter 5: Macroparasites of Microchiroptera: Bat Ectoparasites of Central and South America -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Host-Parasite List -- 5.3 Contribution to the Bat Ectoparasite Fauna of Bolivia -- 5.4 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 6: Parasitic Bat Flies (Diptera: Streblidae and Nycteribiidae): Host Specificity and Potential as Vectors -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Biology of Bat Flies -- 6.2.1 Overview -- 6.2.2 Life History -- 6.2.3 Host as Habitat -- 6.2.4 Roost as Habitat -- 6.2.5 Historical View of Host Specificity -- 6.3 Contemporary View of Host Specificity -- 6.3.1 Field Surveys and Natural History Collections. , 6.3.2 Experimental and Molecular Assessments -- 6.3.3 Maintenance of Specificity -- 6.3.4 Breakdown of Specificity -- 6.3.5 Potential as Vectors -- References -- Chapter 7: No Myth But Reality: Blood Licking Bats -- References -- Chapter 8: Vampirism in Medicine and Culture -- 8.1 Some Remarks on the Vampire in Southeast European Folklore -- 8.2 The Vampire and the Bat -- 8.3 Vampirism and Medical History -- 8.4 Bleeding and Blood Transfusion: Vampirism and the Humoural Pathology -- 8.5 The Extraction of Life Force: Vampirism and Magic Medicine -- 8.6 Vampirism as a Metaphor: On the Social Stigmatisation of ``Evil´´ Persons -- 8.7 Vampirism and Esotericism: Some Remarks -- 8.8 A Final Remark: Vampirism and Everything -- References -- Chapter 9: Unsolved and Solved Myths: Chupacabras and ``Goat-Milking´´ Birds -- 9.1 Chupacabras -- 9.2 Goat-Milking Birds: Nightjars -- References -- Chapter 10: Myth and Reality: Candiru, the Bloodsucking Fish That May Enter Humans -- References -- Index.

Anmerkung: Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- List of Contributors -- Chapter 1: Important Rivers and Their Worldwide Contributions to Epidemics on the Continents -- 1.1 Table with a Selection of Important Rivers on the Continents Africa, Asia, Australia, Europe, and North and South America -- 1.2 List and Description of Important Rivers of the World in Alphabetical Order -- 1.2.1 Amazon River (syn. Rio Amazona, Río Marañón, Rio Solimões) -- 1.2.2 Amur River -- 1.2.3 Brahmaputra River (Jamuna River) -- 1.2.4 Colorado River -- 1.2.5 Congo (syn. Zaire) River -- 1.2.6 Danube River (German: Donau) -- 1.2.7 Darling River -- 1.2.8 Dnieper River -- 1.2.9 Don River -- 1.2.10 Douro River -- 1.2.11 Ebro River -- 1.2.12 Elbe River (Labe in Czech) -- 1.2.13 Ganges River (``Indian´´: Ganga) -- 1.2.14 Indus River (Sindhu, Darya-e-Sindh) -- 1.2.15 Jordan River -- 1.2.16 Lena River -- 1.2.17 Limpopo River -- 1.2.18 Mackenzie River (Nagwichoonjik) -- 1.2.19 Madeira River -- 1.2.20 Main River -- 1.2.21 Mekong River -- 1.2.22 Meuse River -- 1.2.23 Mississippi River -- 1.2.24 Murray River -- 1.2.25 Murrumbidgee River -- 1.2.26 Neman River (Memel) -- 1.2.27 Niger River -- 1.2.28 Nile River (Al-Nil, Bahr-en-Nil) -- 1.2.29 Oder River -- 1.2.30 Okavango River -- 1.2.31 Oranje River -- 1.2.32 Orinoco River -- 1.2.33 Paraguay River -- 1.2.34 Parana River -- 1.2.35 Pearl River (Zhu Jian, Canton River) -- 1.2.36 Po River -- 1.2.37 Rhine River -- 1.2.38 Rhône River -- 1.2.39 Rio de la Plata (engl. Plate River) -- 1.2.40 Rio Grande River -- 1.2.41 Saint Lawrence River -- 1.2.42 São Francisco River -- 1.2.43 Seine River -- 1.2.44 Thames River -- 1.2.45 Tiber River -- 1.2.46 Tigris-Euphrates River System -- 1.2.47 Uruguay River -- 1.2.48 Volga River -- 1.2.49 Yamuna River (syn. Jumna) -- 1.2.50 Yangtze River (Yangtze Kiang) -- 1.2.51 Yellow River (Hwang Ho River). , 1.2.52 Yenisei (Enisei) River -- 1.2.53 Yukon River -- Chapter 2: Conquering the God of Plague in China: A Tale of Over 60 Years -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Historical Background -- 2.2.1 Discovery of Schistosomiasis in China -- 2.2.2 Epidemiology of Schistosomiasis from 1920s to 1949 -- 2.2.3 The Call for Farewell to the GOD of Plague -- 2.2.4 Schistosomiasis Control from China´s Reform and Opening-Up to Present -- 2.3 Shift of Chinese National Schistosomiasis Control Strategy -- 2.4 Three Nationwide Epidemiological Surveys on Schistosomiasis Japonica -- 2.5 Diagnosis -- 2.6 Treatment -- 2.7 Chinese Schistosomiasis Surveillance Network -- 2.8 Novel Tools Employed for Schistosomiasis Control -- 2.8.1 Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Remote Sensing (RS) -- 2.8.2 Google Earth -- 2.8.3 Detection of S. japonicum DNA in O. hupensis Snails -- 2.8.4 An Intelligent Device for Detecting S. japonicum-Infested Water -- 2.9 Conclusions and Perspectives -- References -- Chapter 3: Cholera (Blue Skin Disease) and Its History -- 3.1 Agent of Disease -- 3.2 First Description -- 3.3 Cholera Epidemics in the World -- 3.3.1 Name -- 3.3.2 History -- 3.4 Final Discovery of the Agents of the Cholera -- 3.5 Symptoms of Disease -- 3.6 Start of Symptoms (Incubation Period) -- 3.7 Duration of Symptoms -- 3.8 Diagnosis -- 3.9 Treatment -- 3.10 Transmission and Susceptibility -- 3.11 Obligatory Announcements to Health Authorities -- 3.12 Treatment -- 3.13 Vaccination -- 3.14 Hope -- Bibliography -- Chapter 4: Spreading of Cholera Along Rivers in Early Times of the USA Before Detection of the Agents of Disease -- References -- Chapter 5: Human Cercarial Dermatitis (HCD) or Swimmer´s Itch Along Rivers and Lakes -- 5.1 Life Cycle -- 5.2 Symptoms of Cercarial Dermatitis -- References -- Chapter 6: Blood-Sucking Leeches: Not Only Nasty but Also Dangerous and Helpful. , 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Biology and Morphology of Leeches -- 6.2.1 Integument -- 6.2.2 Intestine -- 6.2.3 Excretory System -- 6.2.4 Nervous System -- 6.3 Use of Leeches for Therapy -- References -- Chapter 7: Important Foodborne Trematodiases in the Lower Mekong River Basin -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Important Foodborne Trematodiases -- 7.2.1 Opisthorchiasis -- 7.2.2 Clonorchiasis -- 7.2.3 Paragonimiasis -- 7.2.4 Epidemiology -- 7.2.5 Fascioliasis -- 7.2.6 Epidemiology -- Bibliography -- Introduction -- Opisthorchiasis -- Clonorchiasis -- Paragonimiasis -- Fascioliasis -- Chapter 8: Important Protozoan Diseases in the Lower Mekong River Basin -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Important Vector-Borne Protozoa -- 8.2.1 Malaria -- 8.2.2 Leishmaniasis -- 8.3 Important Food- and Water-Borne Protozoa -- 8.3.1 Amoebiasis -- 8.3.2 Giardiasis -- 8.3.3 Cryptosporidiosis -- 8.3.4 Toxoplasmosis -- References -- Chapter 9: Free-Living Amoebae and Associated Drug-Resistant Bacteria in Surface Waters: A Public Health Concern? -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Free-Living Amoebae (FLA) -- 9.2.1 Pathogenic FLA -- 9.2.1.1 Acanthamoeba Infections -- 9.2.1.2 Other FLA Infections -- 9.3 Occurrence of Pathogenic FLA in Surface Waters -- 9.4 Free-Living Amoeba Interactions with Drug-Resistant Bacteria -- 9.5 Public Health Implications of Interactions -- 9.5.1 Antibiotic Resistance -- 9.5.2 Increase in Virulence -- 9.5.3 Biocide Resistance -- 9.6 Other Important FLA and Enteric Protozoan Parasites in Surface Waters -- 9.6.1 Vermamoeba vermiformis -- 9.6.2 Dictyostelium discoideum -- 9.6.3 Tetrahymena pyriformis -- 9.6.4 Cryptosporidium and Giardia -- 9.7 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 10: Nile River, Impact on Human Health in Egypt from Pharaohs Until Now -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Nile River -- 10.3 Nile River in Ancient Egypt. , 10.4 Etymology of the Word Nile, Origin and Meaning -- 10.5 Nile River in the Life of the Ancient Egyptians -- 10.6 Use of Water in Egypt Throughout History -- 10.7 Parasitic Diseases Along the Nile River -- 10.7.1 Water-Related Diseases -- 10.7.2 Water-Related Insect Vectors -- 10.8 Parasitic Diseases of Different Origins -- 10.9 Bacterial Diseases -- 10.10 Typical Parasites -- 10.10.1 Schistosomiasis in Ancient Egypt -- 10.10.2 Schistosomiasis in Modern Egypt -- 10.11 Dracunculiasis (Guinea Worm Disease) -- 10.12 Filariasis -- 10.12.1 Filariasis in Old Egypt -- 10.12.2 Filariasis in Modern Egypt -- 10.12.3 Strongyloidiasis -- 10.12.4 Roundworms -- 10.12.5 Tapeworms -- 10.12.6 Malaria -- 10.12.6.1 Malaria in Old Egypt -- 10.12.6.2 Malaria in Modern Egypt -- 10.13 Trachoma -- 10.14 Leprosy -- 10.15 Cholera -- 10.16 Other Waterborne Protozoa -- 10.17 Water Pollution -- 10.18 Chemical Pollutants -- References -- Chapter 11: Epidemic Status of Schistosomiasis in Guangdong Province -- References -- Chapter 12: Konna: A Help for a Self-Help Project at the Niger River in Mali -- 12.1 Introduction -- 12.2 History -- 12.3 Malaria in Mali -- 12.4 Schistosomiasis in Mali -- References -- Chapter 13: Leishmaniasis in Israel and Palestinian Territories -- Bibliography -- Chapter 14: Past and Present of Tropical Diseases in the Amazon River -- 14.1 Introduction -- 14.1.1 Geographic Context of the Amazon -- 14.1.2 First Human Populations in the Amazon Basin and Their Diseases -- 14.2 European Incursions into the Amazon -- 14.2.1 Urban Settlements, Commerce and Navigation on the Amazon River -- 14.2.2 Occurrence of Diseases in Boom Times -- 14.3 Ecosystem Transformation and Its Impact on Health: Chagas Disease and Yellow Fever in the Amazon -- 14.4 Current Status of Epidemiology: The Case of the State of Amazonas in Brazil -- 14.5 Final Remarks -- References. , Chapter 15: Brazil´s Big River Projects and Their Impact on the Occurrence of Tropical Diseases -- 15.1 Background -- 15.2 Health Impact Assessments of Large Dams -- 15.3 Large Dams and Public Health -- 15.4 Schistosomiasis as an Example -- 15.5 Major Water Engineering Projects in Brazil and Their Health Impact -- 15.6 Teles Pires Hydroelectric Power Plant -- 15.7 Belo Monte Hydroelectric Power Plant -- 15.8 Jirau Hydroelectric Power Plant -- 15.9 Santo Antônio Hydroelectric Power Plant -- 15.10 São Francisco River Transposition -- 15.11 Final Considerations -- Related Documentary Information -- References -- Chapter 16: The Major Rivers and the Genesis of the Recent Area of Ticks Ixodes persulcatus in Western Siberia -- 16.1 The Northern Boundary of the I. persulcatus Area in Western Siberia (Fig. 16.3) -- 16.2 The Southern Boundary of the I. persulcatus Range in Western Siberia -- 16.3 Landscape Characteristic of the Distribution of I. persulcatus -- References -- Chapter 17: The Main River and Main-Danube Canal: A Hub for Ponto-Caspian Parasite Invasion -- 17.1 The Main-Danube Canal -- 17.2 Introduced Agents of Disease: The Crayfish Plague in Central Germany -- 17.3 Invaders in Host-Parasite Communities -- 17.3.1 Dikerogammarus villosus -- 17.3.2 Neogobius melanostomus -- 17.3.3 Associated Parasites -- 17.4 Risk Factors for Human Health in the Main River: Drug Resistance and Antibiotics -- References -- Chapter 18: ``Father Rhine´´: From the Alps to the North Sea -- 18.1 Introduction -- 18.2 The Rhine: A Short Geographical Journey from Its Source to Its Estuary -- 18.3 The Rhine as a Transport Route -- 18.4 A Tropical Disease at the Rhine: Malaria -- 18.5 The Straightening of the Rhine in the Nineteenth Century -- 18.6 King Cholera Travels Down the Rhine and Elbe -- 18.7 The Plague Moves Up the Rhine -- 18.8 An Old Pest: The Fish Tapeworm. , 18.9 The Rhine Today.

Anmerkung: Literaturverz. S. 134 - 141

Anmerkung: Zusammenfassung in deutscher und englischer Sprache

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