Keywords:
Floods-Risk assessment.
;
Electronic books.
Description / Table of Contents:
A comprehensive interdisciplinary exploration of climate risks to water security, for students of hydrology, resource management, climate change, and geography, and for researchers, civil and environmental engineers, and water management professionals concerned with water-related hazards, water cycles, and climate change.
Type of Medium:
Online Resource
Pages:
1 online resource (504 pages)
Edition:
1st ed.
ISBN:
9781108847841
URL:
https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/geomar/detail.action?docID=6942499
DDC:
333.91
Language:
English
Note:
Cover -- Half-title -- Title page -- Copyright information -- Contents -- List of Contributors -- Preface -- Acknowledgements -- Part I Water-Related Risks under Climate Change -- 1 Pluvial, Fluvial and Coastal Flood Risks and Sustainable Flood Management in the Pearl River Delta under Climate Change -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Localized Precipitation Extremes and Pluvial Flood Risks in the PRD under Climate Change: Observations and Projections -- 1.2.1 Past Observations and Analyses -- 1.2.2 Future Projections -- 1.3 Upstream River Flow and Fluvial Flood Risks in the PRD under Climate Change: Observations and Projections -- 1.3.1 Past Observations and Analyses -- 1.3.2 Future Projections -- 1.4 Coastal Flood Hazards in the PRD under Climate Change: Observations and Projections -- 1.4.1 Past Observations and Analyses -- 1.4.2 Future Projections -- 1.5 Urbanization and Sustainable Flood Management in the PRD -- 1.5.1 Impacts of Urbanization on Flood Risks -- 1.5.2 Sustainable Flood Management -- 1.6 Summary -- References -- 2 Flooding Risk in the Lancang-Mekong River Basin under Global Change -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 The Lancang-Mekong River Basin -- 2.3 Data and Methods -- 2.3.1 Data -- 2.3.2 SPI-3 -- 2.3.3 VIC Model -- 2.3.4 Definition of the Flood Events -- 2.4 Results -- 2.4.1 Changes of SPI-3 -- 2.4.2 VIC Model in the LMRB -- 2.4.3 Impact of Climate Change on Streamflow -- 2.4.4 Impact of Climate Change on Flood Events -- 2.5 Discussion -- 2.6 Conclusion -- Notes -- References -- 3 Spatial Drought Patterns in East Africa -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Materials and Methods -- 3.2.1 Research Area -- 3.2.2 Drought Index, Dataset and Study Period -- 3.2.3 Spatial Drought Analysis Procedures -- 3.2.3.1 Drought Characterization -- 3.2.3.2 Drought Severity Level Detection -- 3.3 Results and Discussion -- 3.3.1 Long-Term Analysis of Precipitation.
,
3.3.2 Drought Characterization -- 3.3.2.1 Spatial Drought Duration -- 3.3.2.2 Spatial Drought Frequency -- 3.3.2.3 Spatial Drought Intensity -- 3.3.3 Long-Term Spatial Trends -- 3.3.4 Historical Severe Drought Events -- 3.3.4.1 The 1973-1974 Drought -- 3.3.4.2 The 1984-1985 Drought -- 3.3.4.3 The 2010-2011 Drought -- 3.3.5 Impacts of the Drought Events -- 3.4 Conclusion -- References -- 4 Assessment of Global Water Erosion Vulnerability under Climate Change -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Materials and Methods -- 4.2.1 RUSLE Model -- 4.2.1.1 Rainfall Erosivity Factor (R) -- 4.2.1.2 Soil Erodibility Factor (K) -- 4.2.1.3 The Slope Length and Steepness Factor (LS) -- 4.2.1.4 The Land Cover and Management Factor (C) -- 4.2.2 Data Analyses -- 4.2.2.1 Spatial Analyses -- 4.2.2.2 Ordinary Least Squares Linear Regression -- 4.3 Results -- 4.3.1 Model Validation -- 4.3.2 Spatial Characteristics of Global Water Erosion Vulnerability -- 4.3.3 Global Water Erosion Change Associated with Various Land Uses -- 4.3.4 Effects of SDII on Water Erosion -- 4.4 Discussion -- 4.4.1 Impacts of Rainfall Change on Water Erosion -- 4.4.2 Impacts of Other Factors Associated with Climate Change -- 4.4.3 Limitations of this Study -- 4.5 Conclusions -- References -- 5 Water Erosion and Its Controlling Factors in the Anthropocene -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Water Erosion Processes and their Relations to Climate Change -- 5.2.1 Raindrop Splash Erosion -- 5.2.2 Inter-rill and Rill Erosion Processes -- 5.2.3 Ephemeral Gully Erosion -- 5.2.4 Permanent Gully Erosion -- 5.2.5 From Hillslope to River System -- 5.2.6 Other Agents Coupled with the Water Erosion Process -- 5.3 Water Erosion Control Practices -- 5.3.1 Biological Techniques -- 5.3.2 Engineering Methods -- 5.3.3 Tillage Practices -- 5.4 Water Erosion under Future Climate Risk.
,
5.4.1 Direct Impacts of Climate Change: Change in Rainfall Erosivity -- 5.4.2 Indirect Climate Change Impact: Change in Land Use and Land Cover -- 5.5 Future Research Needs -- References -- 6 Climate Change Impacts on Saltwater Intrusion into Coastal Aquifers -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Theory -- 6.3 Method -- 6.3.1 Finite-Difference Method -- 6.3.2 Finite-Element Method -- 6.4 Case Study -- 6.4.1 Study Area and Model Domain -- 6.4.2 Model Development -- 6.4.2.1 Spatial Discretization -- 6.4.2.2 Temporal Discretization -- 6.4.2.3 Parameters -- 6.4.2.4 Boundary Conditions -- 6.4.2.5 Initial Conditions -- 6.4.2.6 Calibration -- 6.4.3 Results and Discussion -- 6.4.3.1 Sea-Level Rise Impacts on Saltwater Intrusion -- 6.4.3.2 Storm Surge Impacts on Saltwater Intrusion -- 6.4.3.3 Uncertainty Analysis -- 6.5 Mitigation Processes -- References -- Part II Climate Risk to Human and Natural Systems -- 7 Observed Urban Effects on Temperature and Precipitation in Southeast China -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Data -- 7.3 Methodology -- 7.4 Trends and Mean Values of Temperature and Precipitation -- 7.5 Urban Effect on Temperature -- 7.6 Urban Effect on Precipitation -- 7.7 Discussion -- 7.8 Conclusions -- Notes -- References -- 8 Vegetation Dynamics, Land Use and Ecological Risk in Response to NDVI and Climate Change in Nepal -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Research Approach and Methods -- 8.2.1 Data -- 8.2.2 Methods -- 8.3 Results -- 8.3.1 Spatial and Temporal Vegetation Dynamics -- 8.3.1.1 Spatio-Temporal Trends and Net NDVI Changes -- 8.3.2 Land Use Land Cover Change and HFP -- 8.3.3 Ecological Risk based on NDVI and Climate -- 8.4 Discussion -- 8.5 Conclusion -- References -- 9 Climate Warming Induced Frozen Soil Changes and the Corresponding Environmental Effect on the Tibetan Plateau: A Review -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Climate Warming Influence on Frozen Ground.
,
9.2.1 Ground Temperature Changes -- 9.2.2 Soil FT Cycles -- 9.2.3 Frozen Ground Distribution -- 9.2.4 Active Layer Thickness -- 9.3 Environmental Effects -- 9.3.1 Vegetation Degradation -- 9.3.2 Desertification -- 9.3.3 Soil Erosion -- 9.3.4 Carbon Emission -- 9.3.5 Infrastructure Project -- 9.4 Conclusion -- References -- 10 A Review of the Effects of Climate Extremes on Agriculture Production -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Climate Change and Climate Extremes -- 10.2.1 Heat Extremes -- 10.2.2 Droughts -- 10.2.3 Climate Models -- 10.2.4 Climate Data Sets -- 10.3 The Effects of Climate Extremes on Yields -- 10.3.1 The Effects of High Temperature on Crop Growth -- 10.3.2 The Effects of Drought on Crop Growth -- 10.3.3 Recent Research on the Effects of Climate Extremes on Yield -- 10.3.4 The Indices of Drought -- 10.3.5 Approaches to Assess the Impacts of Climate Extremes -- 10.4 Adaptation Measures to Mitigate Yield Loss -- 10.5 Conclusion -- Note -- References -- 11 Agricultural Water Use Estimation and Impact Assessment on the Water System in China -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 Methodology -- 11.2.1 The Model -- 11.2.2 Green and Blue Water Uses Estimation -- 11.2.3 Temporal Variabilities and Spatial Patterns -- 11.2.4 Impact Assessment -- 11.3 Study Area and Data Sets -- 11.3.1 Study Area -- 11.3.2 Data Sets -- 11.4 Results -- 11.4.1 Temporal Variability of Green and Blue Water Uses -- 11.4.2 Spatial Patterns of Green and Blue Water Uses -- 11.4.3 Impact Assessment of Agricultural Water Use on the Water System -- 11.5 Discussion -- 11.5.1 Uncertainty -- 11.5.2 Implications for Agricultural Water Resources Management -- 11.6 Conclusions -- References -- 12 Impact of Inter-Basin Water Transfer on Water Scarcity in Water-Receiving Area under Global Warming: A Case Study of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project -- 12.1 Introduction.
,
12.2 South-to-North Water Diversion Project: A Primer -- 12.3 Water-Receiving Area of SNWD: Huang-Huai-Hai Region -- 12.4 Data and Methods -- 12.4.1 Data -- 12.4.2 Methods -- 12.4.2.1 Bias-Adjustment for Runoff, Groundwater Recharge and Irrigation -- 12.4.2.2 Available Water Supply -- 12.4.2.3 Sectoral and Total Water Demand -- 12.4.2.4 Impact of the SNWD Project on Water Supply Risk -- 12.5 Results -- 12.5.1 Projected Changes of Water Supply -- 12.5.2 Projected Changes of Sectoral and Total Water Demand -- 12.5.3 Impact of the SNWD Project on Water Supply Risk -- 12.6 Discussions and Conclusions -- Note -- References -- 13 Broadening and Deepening the Rainfall-Induced Landslide Detection: Practices and Perspectives at a Global Scale -- 13.1 Introduction -- 13.2 Practices for Global Rainfall-Induced Landslide Detection -- 13.2.1 Landslide Datasets Compilation -- 13.2.2 Landslide Susceptibility Analysis -- 13.2.3 Triggering Threshold Identification -- 13.3 Data and Methods -- 13.3.1 Environmental Factors and Landslide Datasets -- 13.3.2 Triggering Rainfall Identification for Landslide Events -- 13.3.3 Modelling for Global Distributed Rainfall Thresholds -- 13.4 Results -- 13.4.1 Characteristics of Triggering Rainfall Events -- 13.4.2 Multiple Linear Regression Model for Global Distributed Rainfall Thresholds -- 13.4.3 Model Application -- 13.5 Discussions and Conclusion -- Notes -- References -- 14 Estimating Aquifer Depth in Arid and Semi-arid Watersheds using Statistical Modelling of Spectral MODIS Products -- 14.1 Introduction -- 14.2 Materials and Methods -- 14.2.1 Study Area -- 14.2.1.1 Sarvestan Plain -- 14.2.1.2 Lamerd Plain -- 14.2.2 Research Data -- 14.2.2.1 Field Data -- 14.2.2.2 Remotely-Sensed Data -- 14.2.3 The Method -- 14.2.3.1 Image Products of MODIS Data -- 14.2.3.2 Field Data Exploration -- 14.2.3.3 Statistical Modelling.
,
The Pearson Correlation Analysis.
Permalink
