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  • 1
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    Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors from a Marine Fungus Talaromyces sp. Strain LF458 (2015)
    Springer
    In:  Marine Biotechnology, 17 (1). pp. 110-119.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-13
    Description: Two new oxaphenalenone dimers, talaromycesone A (1) and talaromycesone B (2), and a new isopentenyl xanthenone, talaroxanthenone (3), together with six known diphenyl ether derivatives, e.g., Δ1′,3′,-1′-dehydroxypenicillide (4), 1′,2′-dehydropenicillide (5), vermixocin A (6), vermixocin B (7), 3′-methoxy-1′2′-dehydropenicillide (8), and AS-186c (9), were isolated from the culture broth and mycelia of a marine fungus Talaromyces sp. strain LF458. Compound 2 represents the first example of 1-nor oxaphenalenone dimer carbon skeleton. All isolated compounds were subjected to bioactivity assays. Compounds 1, 2, and 9 exhibited potent antibacterial activities with IC50 3.70, 17.36, and 1.34 μM, respectively, against human pathogenic Staphylococcus strains. Compounds 1, 3, and 9 displayed potent acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activities with IC50 7.49, 1.61, and 2.60 μM, respectively. Interestingly, phosphodiesterase PDE-4B2 was inhibited by compounds 3 (IC50 7.25 μM) and 9 (IC50 2.63 μM).
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1007/s10126-014-9599-3
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 2
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    New phylogenetic lineages of the Spirochaetes phylum associated with Clathrina species (Porifera) (2010)
    Springer
    In:  Journal of Microbiology, 48 (4). pp. 411-418.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-01-19
    Description: Though spirochetes have been repeatedly found in marine sponges and other invertebrates, little attention has been paid to the specificity of this association. This study demonstrates that different genoand morphotypes of spirochetes can reside within the same sponge individual and develop in considerable numbers. Specimens of the calcareous sponge Clathrina clathrus collected from the Adriatic Sea off Rovinj (Croatia) were found to harbor spirochete-like bacteria, which were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), 16S rRNA gene analysis, and catalyzed reporter deposition fluorescence in situ hybridization (CARD-FISH). Two novel spirochete sequence types related to the Brachyspiraceae could be retrieved. By use of specifically designed CARD-FISH probes, the C. clathrus-associated sequences could be assigned to a linear and a helical spirochete morphotype. Both were located within the sponge mesohyl and resembled the spirochete-like cells identified by SEM. In addition, from a Clathrina sp., most likely C. coriacea, that originated from Indonesian coastal waters, four different spirochete type sequences were recovered. Two of these also affiliated with the Brachyspiraceae, the other two were found associated with the Spirochaetaceae, one with the genera Borrelia and Cristispira.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1007/s12275-010-0017-x
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 3
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    Sponge-specific bacterial associations in the Mediterranean sponge Chondrilla nucula (Demospongiae, Tetractinomorpha) (2007)
    Springer
    In:  Microbial Ecology, 54 (1). pp. 101-111.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-03-22
    Description: A stable and specific bacterial community was shown to be associated with the Mediterranean sponge Chondrilla nucula. The associated bacterial communities were demonstrated to be highly similar for all studied specimens regardless of sampling time and geographical region. In addition, analysis of 16S rDNA clone libraries revealed three constantly C. nucula-associated bacterial phylotypes belonging to the Acidobacteria, the Gamma- and Deltaproteobacteria present in sponge specimens from two Mediterranean regions with distinct water masses (Ligurian Sea and Adriatic Sea). For the first time, candidate division TM7 bacteria were found in marine sponges. A major part (79%) of the C. nucula-derived 16S rDNA sequences were closely related to other sponge-associated bacteria. Phylogenetic analysis identified 14 16S rRNA gene sequence clusters, seven of which consisted of exclusively sponge-derived sequences, whereas the other seven clusters contained additional environmental sequences. This study adds to a growing database on the stability and variability of microbial consortia associated with marine sponges.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1007/s00248-006-9177-y
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 4
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    Gas and fluid venting at the Makran Accretionary Wedge off Pakistan (2000)
    Springer
    In:  Geo-Marine Letters, 20 . pp. 10-19.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-01-19
    Description: The Makran accretionary complex shows a distinct bottom-simulating reflector, indicating a thick gas-hydrate-bearing horizon between the deformational front and about 1350 m water depth which seals off the upward flow of gas-charged fluids. A field of presently inactive mud diapirs with elevations up to 65 m was discovered in the abyssal plain seawards of the deformation front, suggesting that in the past conditions were favorable for periodic but localized vigorous mud diapirism. Regional destabilization of the gas hydrate leading to focused flow was observed where deep-penetrating, active faults reach the base of the gas-hydrate layer, as in a deeply incised submarine canyon (2100–2500 m water depth). At this location we discovered seeps of methane and H2S-rich fluids associated with chemoautotrophic vent faunas (e.g., Calyptogena sp.). Driven by the accretionary wedge dynamics, the landward part of the gas-hydrate layer below the Makran margin is being progressively uplifted. Due to reduced hydrostatic pressure and rising ocean bottom-water temperatures, gas hydrates are progressively destabilized and dissociated into hydrate water, methane and H2S. Sediment temperatures lie outside the methane stability field wherever water depth is less than 800 m. Above this depth, upward migration of fluids to the seafloor is unimpeded, thus explaining the abundance of randomly distributed gas seeps observed at water depths of 350 to 800 m.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1007/s003670000033
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
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