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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The genus Sterechinm (Echinodermata: Echinoidea) on the Weddell Sea shelf and slope (Antarctica): distribution, abundance and biomass (1991)
    Springer
    Polar biology 11 (1991), S. 227-232 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2056
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Two species of the echinoid genus Sterechinus were documented from 92 trawl stations and 55 photographic stations in the eastern and southern Weddell Sea between 100 and 1200 m water depth. We found two species occuring along the whole shelf and slope, S. neumayeri being more abundant above 450 m water depth and S. antarcticus dominating the deeper regions. The size-frequency distributions of both species indicate differences in growth, mortality and longevity. First estimates of abundance and biomass of S. neumayeri and S. antarcticus are 0.085 ind/m2 & 0.005 gAFDW/m2 and 0.022 ind/m2 & 0.005 gAFDW/m2, respectively.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00238455
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stable isotopes prove shell growth bands in the Antarctic bivalve Laternula elliptica to be formed annually (1997)
    Springer
    Polar biology 17 (1997), S. 465-468 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2056
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Growth marks in calcareous shells or skeleton parts of benthic invertebrates are often assumed to be formed annually and hence are used for ageing purposes. For some Antarctic species this assumption has been validated by tagging experiments or direct monitoring of growth throughout the year. Here we use the record of stable isotope ratios (δ18O and δ13C) deposited in shell carbonate of Laternula elliptica from King George Island to demonstrate that shell growth bands are formed annually in this species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003000050143
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lissarca notorcadensis (Bivalvia: Philobryidae) living on Notocidaris sp. (Echinoidea: Cidaridae): Population dynamics in limited space (1993)
    Springer
    Polar biology 13 (1993), S. 89-95 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2056
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Population dynamics of the epizoic bivalve Lissarca notorcadensis living on spines of cidaroid sea urchins in the Weddell Sea were investigated. Total production (somatic & gonad) of the suspension feeding bivalve ranged between 16.5 and 487.4 mg AFDM y−1 per sea urchin. Annual sedimentation rates are not sufficient to maintain the production of the Lissarca sub-populations carried by the sea urchins, and resuspension of organic matter is most likely to be an important food source. The ratio of the number of freshly settled juveniles to the number of embryos brooded is between 0.054 and 0.207 and seems negatively related to the biomass already present, indicating intraspecific competition for space. Interspecific competition for space is caused by the strong preference of L. notorcadensis as well as other epizoa (colonial anthozoans and bryozoans) for the spines located on the aboral hemispere of the sea urchins.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00238540
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interactions in soft bottom benthic communities: Quantitative aspects of behaviour in the surface deposit feedersPygospio elegans (Polychaeta) andMacoma balthica (Bivalvia) (1991)
    Springer
    Helgoland marine research 45 (1991), S. 301-316 
    Details
    ISSN: 1438-3888
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The surface deposit feeding speciesPygospio elegans andMacoma balthica are dominant members of many sandy bottom communities of northern boreal regions. The feeding mode of both species and the tube-building ofP. elegans are assumed to affect community structure by interactions with other species. The weight of tubes ofP. elegans varied between 2 and 13 g DW/100 cm2 at the two stations investigated and during the year, which is equivalent to 230–1500 cm of tubes per 100 cm2 of sediment surface. Sediment stability may be affected directly or indirectly by the amount of tubes present.M. balthica shows a linear relation between the maximum size of particles which can be inhaled and animal length. In Kiel Bay, particles〉0.5 mm are out of the range of this species. In summer, the potential feeding area (PFA) of aP. elegans population at one station in Kiel Bay was 1.8 times the available surface area. The PFA of three different populations ofM. balthica in Kiel Bay exceeded the available surface area by factors of 2.6, 2.7, and 3.2. These findings indicate strong intra- and interspecific competition for food. Additionally, the feeding of both species may strongly affect the recruitment of benthic species via pelagic larvae. Experiments are proposed to evaluate the significance of the investigated behavioural aspects for community structure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02365522
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A seminal study of the dynamics of a mudskipper (Periophthalmus papilio) population in the Cross River, Nigeria (1996)
    Springer
    Aquatic ecology 30 (1996), S. 41-48 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5125
    Keywords: Population dynamics ; mudskipper ; Periophthalmus papilio ; Cross River ; Nigeria
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A seminal study was conducted in which the population dynamics (growth, mortality and recruitment) of the mudskipper (Periophthalmus papilio) in the Cross River, Nigeria, was elucidated for the first time using length frequency data and the ELEFAN software. The allometric relationship was: Weight=0.012(Length)2.940, n=415, r2=0.939, P 〈0.0005. The seasonalized Von Bertalanffy growth parameters were L∞=19.39 cm, K=0.51 y−1, C=0.3, and WP=0.4. The instantaneous total mortality coefficient Z was 2.208 y−1 while the instantaneous natural mortality coefficient was 1.341 y−1. The instantaneous fishing mortality coefficient of 0.867 y−1 yielded the expectedly low exploitation rate E of 0.393. Our estimate shows that the species could reach an average maximum life span of about 6 years in the Cross River system. These results are used in quantitative elucidation of the state of exploitation of the population and will serve as input for the proper and scientific management of the fish resource.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02092146
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 6
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    Impact of ocean acidification on escape performance of the king scallop, Pecten maximus, from Norway (2013)
    Springer
    In:  Marine Biology, 160 (8). pp. 1995-2006.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-09-01
    Description: The ongoing process of ocean acidification already affects marine life, and according to the concept of oxygen and capacity limitation of thermal tolerance, these effects may be intensified at the borders of the thermal tolerance window. We studied the effects of elevated CO2 concentrations on clapping performance and energy metabolism of the commercially important scallop Pecten maximus. Individuals were exposed for at least 30 days to 4 °C (winter) or to 10 °C (spring/summer) at either ambient (0.04 kPa, normocapnia) or predicted future PCO2 levels (0.11 kPa, hypercapnia). Cold-exposed (4 °C) groups revealed thermal stress exacerbated by PCO2 indicated by a high mortality overall and its increase from 55 % under normocapnia to 90 % under hypercapnia. We therefore excluded the 4 °C groups from further experimentation. Scallops at 10 °C showed impaired clapping performance following hypercapnic exposure. Force production was significantly reduced although the number of claps was unchanged between normocapnia- and hypercapnia-exposed scallops. The difference between maximal and resting metabolic rate (aerobic scope) of the hypercapnic scallops was significantly reduced compared with normocapnic animals, indicating a reduction in net aerobic scope. Our data confirm that ocean acidification narrows the thermal tolerance range of scallops resulting in elevated vulnerability to temperature extremes and impairs the animal’s performance capacity with potentially detrimental consequences for its fitness and survival in the ocean of tomorrow.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1007/s00227-012-2057-8
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 7
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    Predation impact of the notothenoid fish Trematomus bernacchii on the size structure of the scallop Adamussium colbecki in Terra Nova Bay (Ross Sea, Antarctica) (2017)
    SPRINGER
    In:  EPIC3Polar Biology, SPRINGER, ISSN: 0722-4060
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-08-01
    Description: Biotic interactions are particularly relevant in stable environments, such as the High Antarctic areas. Among them, predation has a key role in structuring community and population variables, including size-frequency distribution. This study aims to quantify the impact of predation by the notothenioid fish Trematomus bernacchii on the Antarctic scallop Adamussium colbecki- size distribution. We developed a model of this impact that estimates the size distribution of the preyed scallop population, taking into account for the predator- size distribution, sex structure, and daily consumption. Comparing this size distribution of the preyed A. colbecki with the living populations at Terra Nova Bay (Ross Sea, Antarctica), we were able to detect a relevant impact of fish predation. Fish-size frequency resulted to be the major factor shaping preysize structure, with significant differences between predation by males and females. Our findings, given the key role of the two species in the littoral ecosystem of Terra Nova Bay (Antarctic Special Protected Area 161), fall into the framework of ecosystem management of High Antarctic coastal areas, particularly in the actual context of climate change, and increasing anthropogenic impact
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
    Format: application/pdf
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    PAPER (OA)
  • 8
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    Lipofuscin accumulation in tissues of Arctica islandica indicates faster ageing in populations from brackish environments (2017)
    SPRINGER
    In:  EPIC3Marine Biology, SPRINGER, 164, pp. 72-83, ISSN: 0025-3162
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-05-06
    Description: Environmental factors can affect the rate of ageing and shape the lifespan in marine ectotherms. The mechanisms and the degree of - environmental influence on aging can best be studied in species with wide ranging biogeographic distribution. One of the biomarkers of physiological ageing is the fluorescent age pigment lipofuscin, which accumulates over lifetime in tissues of bivalves. We compared lipofuscin accumulation rate in muscles and respiratory tissues of the extremely long lived bivalve Arctica islandica from five geographically distinct populations (Northern Norway, White Sea, Kiel Bay, German Bight and Iceland). Maximum investigated chronological age across different populations in the present study differed from 40 years in Kiel Bay to 192 years at Iceland. An inverse association between lipofuscin deposition rate and recorded maximum age was observed through inter-population comparisons. In most cases lipofuscin accumulated exponentially over age in a tissue specific manner. The age specific lipofuscin content was significantly higher in respiratory than muscles tissues in all populations. Cellular lipofuscin granule area can be used as indicator of aging across A. islandica populations with the variance in granule accumulation depending on the annual variations of salinity in different marine regions, but not on the habitat specific thermal envelope.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
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  • 9
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    Climate Change: Warming Impacts on Marine Biodiversity (2018)
    Springer
    In:  EPIC3Handbook on Marine Environment Protection, Cham, Switzerland, Springer, 21 p., pp. 353-373, ISBN: 978-3-319-60156-4
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-02-09
    Description: In this chapter, the effects of temperature change—as a main aspect of climate change—on marine biodiversity are assessed. Starting from a general discussion of species responses to temperature, the chapter presents how species respond to warming. These responses comprise adaptation and phenotypic plasticity as well as range shifts. The observed range shifts show more rapid shifts at the poleward range edge than at the equator-near edge, which probably reflects more rapid immigration than extinction in a warming world. A third avenue of changing biodiversity is change in species interactions, which can be altered by temporal and spatial shifts in interacting species. We then compare the potential changes in biodiversity to actual trends recently addressed in empirical synthesis work on local marine biodiversity, which lead to conceptual issues in quantifying the degree of biodiversity change. Finally we assess how climate change impacts the protection of marine environments.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Inbook , peerRev
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 10
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    Saving by freezing? Metabolic rates of Adamussium colbecki in a latitudinal context (2003)
    SPRINGER
    In:  EPIC3Marine Biology, SPRINGER, 143(3), pp. 477- 484, ISSN: 0025-3162
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-16
    Description: Standard metabolic rates of the endemic Antarctic scallop, Adamussium colbecki (Smith, 1902), were measured in austral summer and under simulated winter conditions. Average mass-specific metabolic rates were significantly different between summer (151.17 ± 45.06 µl O2 g-1 h-1) and winter (106.52 ± 39.65 µl O2 g-1 h-1) animals. The overall metabolic rates of A. colbecki are comparable to those of other Antarctic bivalve species, but well below those of temperate scallop species. Data for 24 scallop populations (13 species) from different latitudes give no evidence for elevated metabolic rates in A. colbecki as suggested by the concept of metabolic cold adaptation. A world-wide comparison of metabolic rate and overall growth performance of scallops indicates that in the Antarctic scallop the energetic advantage of low basal metabolism does not counterbalance the disadvantage of the prolonged seasonal period of food shortage.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
    Format: application/pdf
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