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  • PANGAEA  (57)
  • Springer  (7)
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  • 1
    ISSN: 1437-3262
    Keywords: Benthic-pelagic coupling ; Greenland-Norwegian Sea ; Remineralization ; Bioturbation ; Sediment accumulation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract The sedimentation pattern of organic material in the Greenland-Norwegian Sea is reflected in the surface sediments, although less than 0.5% of the organic matter is buried in the sediment. Maximum fluxes and benthic responses are observed during June and/or August/September, following the pattern of export production in the pelagial zone. The annual remineralization rate on the Vøring Plateau is 3.0 g C m−2 a −1 Freshly settled phytodetritus, as detected by chlorophyll measurements, is rapidly mixed into the sediment and decomposed. It stimulates the activity of benthic organisms, especially foraminifera. The mixing coefficient for this material is D b=0.2 cm2 d−1, which is two to three orders of magnitude higher than that estimated from radiotracer methods. The effect on the geological record, however, is likely to be small. Chlorophyll-containing particles are at first very evenly distributed on the seafloor. After partial decomposition and resuspension, a secondary redistribution of particles occurs which can result in the formation of a high accumulation area, with an up to 80-fold increase in the sedimentation rate by lateral advection. This is mainly due to physical processes, because biodeposition mediated by benthic animals increases sedimentation by only a factor of two or three.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary From bibliographic data the biomass correlations (organic dry weight) are constructed for the subsurface layer of a hypothetical 30 m deep silty sand station: 200 μg/ml macrofauna (including 120 μg/ml subsurface deposit feeders), 50 μg/ml meiofauna, 20 μg/ml Foraminifera, 1 μg/ml Ciliata and Flagellata, and 100 μg/ml bacteria. ATP-biomass is discussed. Meiofauna and Foraminifera contribute with 30 and 12% to the living biomass in the sediment, and it is assumed that their contribution to the food of deposit-feeding macrofauna is of a similar percentage. This is corroborated by productivity estimations. Bacteria are the main food of deposit feeding macrofauna, meiofauna, and microfauna. From different calculations it becomes evident that the productivity of bacteria in the sediment is far below figures achieved in experimental cultures: the conclusion is that sediment bacteria, in general, do not live under good environmental conditions. A rather large part of the bacterial population in the sediment seems to be in the stationary phase of life, and only a fraction of the total population exhibits high metabolic rates and rapid duplications. Only these active bacteria are of importance for the breakdown of relatively refractive organic matter in the sediment. In soft bottom marine sediments where the input of organic matter is higher than the remineralization rate, benthic animals stimulate by their activities and by nutrient cycling the decomposition of detritus via bacteria. Though meiofauna, in principle, feeds upon the same food resource as macrofauna, there is no real competition for food, because meiofaunal animals by their activities and by excreting metabolic end products induce a bacterial productivity which would not be there without them, and feed on it. There are a few examples where more specialized interactions exist between benthic animals and bacteria; these interactions have been termed “gardening”. They could be highly important in the benthic ecosystem.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Oecologia 2 (1969), S. 362-375 
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Sandgarnelen (Crangon crangon) verschiedener Größenklassen konnten unter Laboratoriumsbedingungen mit freilebenden Nematoden als einzige Nahrung bis zu 210 Tagen am Leben erhalten werden. Für diese Experimente wurde der saprobe NematodePanagrellus redivivus benutzt, der etwa gleichgroß ist wie marine freilebende Nematoden (0,0003–0,0015 mg Trockengewicht), und der ebensogern wie diese von den Garnelen als Nahrung angenommen wird. Die Garnelen können bis zu 5 Nematoden pro Minute aus dem Lückensystem des Sandes herausfangen, doch halten sie dieses Tempo nur etwa 1/2 Std durch und legen nach der Erbeutung von etwa 300 Nematoden (0,2 mg Trockengewicht) eine Freßpause ein. Deshalb wird sehr viel weniger Nahrung aufgenommen als bei der Erbeutung von Makrofauna-Vertretern, denn ein 1,5 mg schweres Stück des PolychaetenLanice füllt den Magen. Die größte Nahrungsaufnahme bei Nematodenernährung war bei 20 mm langenCrangon nur 1,5 mg am Tag. Hierdurch wird verständlich, daß bei den Experimenten nur ein sehr geringer Zuwachs beobachtet wurde (1 mm in 25–74 Tagen) oder ein Wachstumsstillstand eintrat. Ohne Nahrung sterbenCrangon unter den Versuchsbedingungen in 27–47 Tagen ab. Auch wenn es sicher ist, daß insbesondere größere Garnelen nicht gut mit einer ausschließlichen Nematoden-Ernährung gedeihen können, so ist doch nicht von der Hand zu weisen, daß Meiofauna-Populationen in Ermangelung besserer NahrungsquellenCrangon auch in freier Natur vor dem Verhungern bewahren können.
    Notes: Summary Under laboratory conditions,Crangon crangon of different size classes survived periods of up to 210 days if fed exclusively with free-living nematodes. Experiments were performed with the saprobic nematode speciesPanagrellus redivivus which is of similar size (0.0003–0.0015 mg dry weight) as marine freeliving species and which is in the same way accepted as food by the shrimps. The shrimps are able to catch nematodes out of a sandy substratum at a rate of 5 nematodes/min, but they do so for only about 30 minutes, stopping after ingesting approximately 0.2 mg dry weight of nematodes. Thus the food intake is much less than with macrofauna prey, e.g. with the polychaeteLanice of which a shrimp may ingest 1.5 mg at one sitting. 20 mm long specimens ofCrangon feeding on nematodes had a maximum food intake of 1.5 mg dry weight per day only which explains why growth was insignificant (1 mm in 25–74 days) or non-existent. Shrimps left without food died within 27–47 days. Even if these animals, especially the larger ones, could not prosper on an exclusive diet of nematodes, in the absence of better food natural meiofauna populations may preventCrangon crangon from starving to death.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Marine biology 33 (1975), S. 279-280 
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2023-03-03
    Keywords: 292-3; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Giant box corer; GIK23004-3; GKG; Global Environmental Change: The Northern North Atlantic; POS119; Poseidon; SFB313; Size fraction 〈 0.0063 mm; Size fraction 〉 0.063 mm, sand; Size fraction 0.020-0.0063 mm, medium silt; Size fraction 0.063-0.006 mm; Size fraction 0.063-0.020 mm, coarse silt; Voring Plateau
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 60 data points
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  • 6
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    Unknown
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Gerlach, Sebastian A (1967): Die Fauna des Küstengrundwassers am Strand der Insel Sarso (Rotes Meer). Meteor Forschungsergebnisse, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, Reihe D Biologie, Gebrüder Bornträger, Berlin, Stuttgart, D2, 7-18
    Publication Date: 2023-05-12
    Description: The scope of this research was to find out, how important is the presence of brackish water for the formation of the characteristical littoral subsoil fauna in the interstitial spaces of beaches. There is little precipitation in the Red Sea area and therefore little influence of freshwater on the beach. Moreover, the sandy beach of Sarso Island (Farasan Archipelago) is bordered landwards and underneath by solid limestone, preventing subsoil fresh water, if there is any, from penetrating into the beach region. The salinity of the interstitial water from Sarso beach lies a little above the salinity of the adjacent sea. The microfauna of Sarso beach is composed to a rather big proportion of such species that are known to be characteristical littoral subsoil water species, partially of world wide distribution. The ecological analysis of this fauna, i.e. the freeliving Nematodes, reveals the presence of two distinct associations: 1. the association of the low level subsoil region, close to the sea, with clear interstitial water, subject to regular exchange with the water of the adjcent sea. 2. the association of the high level subsoil region, 4-10 meter distant from the sea, with brownish water. Contrary to earlier results there is no distinction in salinity between the two associations, so it is not longer justified to apply the term brackish water fauna on the animals living in the association of the high level subsoil region.
    Keywords: HAND; IIOE - International Indian Ocean Expedition; M1; Meteor (1964); Red Sea; Sampling by hand; Sarso_beach
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 5 datasets
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2023-03-25
    Keywords: ARK-II/5; AWI_Paleo; Cirratulidae; Depth, bottom/max; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Depth, top/min; Echinodermata; Giant box corer; GIK23241-1 PS05/429; GKG; Global Environmental Change: The Northern North Atlantic; Golfingia nephasoma sp.; Laonice cirrata; Malletia obtusa; Myriochele fragilis; Myriochele sp.; Neohela monstrosa; Nereis longissima; Norwegian Sea; Notomastus latericeus; Paleoenvironmental Reconstructions from Marine Sediments @ AWI; Polarstern; PS05; PS1241-1; Sample code/label; SFB313; Sphyrapus anomalus; Visual observation
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 20 data points
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2023-05-12
    Keywords: DEPTH, sediment/rock; Distance, relative; Grain size, mean; HAND; IIOE - International Indian Ocean Expedition; M1; Meteor (1964); Pore space; Red Sea; Salinity; Sample code/label; Sampling by hand; Sarso_beach; Water content, dry mass
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 42 data points
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2023-05-12
    Keywords: Acari; Copepoda; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Distance, relative; Halalaimus sarsi; Haliplectus bickneri; Haliplectus caudopapillatus; Haliplectus minimus; HAND; IIOE - International Indian Ocean Expedition; Indeterminata; M1; Meteor (1964); Nematoda; Nygmatonchus minutus; Oligachaeta; Ostracoda; Polychaeta; Procamacolaimus tubifer; Red Sea; Rhabditis sp.; Sample code/label; Sampling by hand; Sarso_beach; Synonchium obtusum; Synonchium tubifer
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 108 data points
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2023-05-12
    Keywords: Area/locality; Bathylaimus depressus; Comment; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Desmodora bipapillata; Diodontolaimus tenuispiculum; Dolicholaimus oceanus; Dorylaimus sp.; Halalaimus sarsi; Haliplectus bickneri; Haliplectus caudopapillatus; HAND; IIOE - International Indian Ocean Expedition; Indeterminata; M1; Metachromadora clavata; Meteor (1964); Nematoda; Nygmatonchus minutus; Oncholaimus flagellatus; Paracyatholaimus saradi; Procamacolaimus tubifer; Red Sea; Rhabditis sp.; Sampling by hand; Sarso_beach; Synonchium obtusum; Theristus flevensis; Theristus setifer; Trefusia conica
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 66 data points
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