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  • 2010-2014  (25)
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  • 1
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    Export of algal biomass from the melting Arctic sea ice (2013)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Boetius, Antje; Albrecht, Sebastian; Bakker, Karel; Bienhold, Christina; Felden, Janine; Fernández-Méndez, Mar; Hendricks, Stefan; Katlein, Christian; Lalande, Catherine; Krumpen, Thomas; Nicolaus, Marcel; Peeken, Ilka; Rabe, Benjamin; Rogacheva, Antonina; Rybakova, Elena; Somavilla Cabrillo, Raquel; Wenzhöfer, Frank; ARK-XXVII/3 Shipboard Scientific Party (2013): Export of algal biomass from the melting Arctic sea ice. Science, 339(6126), 1430-1432, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1231346
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-06-08
    Description: In the Arctic, under-ice primary production is limited to summer months and is not only restricted by ice thickness and snow cover but also by the stratification of the water column, which constrains nutrient supply for algal growth. RV Polarstern visited the ice-covered Eastern Central basins between 82 to 89°N and 30 to 130°E in summer 2012 when Arctic sea ice declined to a record minimum. During this cruise, we observed a widespread deposition of ice algal biomass of on average 9 g C per m**2 to the deep-sea floor of the Central Arctic basins. Data from this cruise will contribute to assessing the impact of current climate change on Arctic productivity, biodiversity, and ecological function.
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 14 datasets
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 2
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    Under-ice export flux measurements by short-term drifting sediment traps at 27 stations in the Arctic Ocean during summer 1995, 1997, and 2012 (2014)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Lalande, Catherine; Nöthig, Eva-Maria; Somavilla Cabrillo, Raquel; Bauerfeind, Eduard; Shevchenko, Vladimir P; Okolodkov, Yuri (2014): Variability in under-ice export fluxes of biogenic matter in the Arctic Ocean. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 28(5), 571-583, https://doi.org/10.1002/2013GB004735
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-07-10
    Description: A critical question regarding the organic carbon cycle in the Arctic Ocean is whether the decline in ice extent and thickness and the associated increase in solar irradiance in the upper ocean will result in increased primary production and particulate organic carbon (POC) export. To assess spatial and temporal variability in POC export, under-ice export fluxes were measured with short-term sediment traps in the northern Laptev Sea in July-August-September 1995, north of the Fram Strait in July 1997, and in the Central Arctic in August-September 2012. Sediment traps were deployed at 2-5 m and 20-25 m under ice for periods ranging from 8.5 to 71 h. In addition to POC fluxes, total particulate matter, chlorophyll a, biogenic particulate silica, phytoplankton, and zooplankton fecal pellet fluxes were measured to evaluate the amount and composition of the material exported in the upper Arctic Ocean. Whereas elevated export fluxes observed on and near the Laptev Sea shelf were likely the combined result of high primary production, resuspension, and release of particulate matter from melting ice, low export fluxes above the central basins despite increased light availability during the record minimum ice extent of 2012 suggest that POC export was limited by nutrient supply during summer. These results suggest that the ongoing decline in ice cover affects export fluxes differently on Arctic shelves and over the deep Arctic Ocean and that POC export is likely to remain low above the central basins unless additional nutrients are supplied to surface waters.
    Keywords: Arctic Ocean; ARK-XI/1; ARK-XIII/2; ARK-XXVII/3; Carbon, organic, particulate, flux; Carbon/Nitrogen ratio; Chlorophyll a, flux; Date/Time of event; DEPTH, water; Diatoms, centrales, cell, flux; Diatoms, pennales, cell, flux; Duration; Emiliania huxleyi, flux; Event label; Fecal pellet carbon, flux; Flagellate cell, flux; Gear; Hausgarten; ICE; Ice station; Ice station #1; Ice station #2; Ice station #3; Ice station #4; Ice station #5; Ice station #6; Ice station #7; Ice station #8; Ice station #9; Latitude of event; Longitude of event; Long-term Investigation at AWI-Hausgarten off Svalbard; Melosira arctica, cell, flux; Melosira arctica, spores, flux; Melosira arctica, valves, flux; Northern Laptev Sea; North of Fram Strait; Polarstern; PS36; PS36/008-2; PS36/024-5; PS36/025-4; PS36/027-3; PS36/042-3; PS36/044-3; PS36/047-3; PS36/049-3; PS36/057-3; PS36/060-3; PS36/075-3; PS44; PS44/059-3; PS44/064-4; PS44/065-3; PS44/070-2; PS44/078-2; PS44/081-1; PS44/087-2; PS80/224-1; PS80/237-1; PS80/255-1; PS80/277-1; PS80/323-1; PS80/335-1; PS80/349-1; PS80/360-1; PS80/384-1; PS80 IceArc; Seston, flux; Silicate, particulate, flux per day; Trap, shorttime; TRAPST
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 723 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 3
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    Distribution of algal aggregates and characteristics of sea ice stations investigated druing POLARSTERN cruise ARK-XXVII/3 (IceArc) (2013)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-08
    Keywords: Algal cover; Algal cover, standard deviation; Arctic Ocean; ARK-XXVII/3; Calculated; Chlorophyll a/chloroplastic pigment equivalents ratio; Chloroplastic pigment equivalents of gut content; Chloroplastic pigment equivalents of gut content, standard deviation; Date/Time of event; Diatoms; Drift; Drift, standard deviation; Elevation of event; Event label; ICE; Ice algae, deposition of carbon; Ice algae composition; Ice coverage; Ice station; Ice station #1; Ice station #2; Ice station #3; Ice station #4; Ice station #5; Ice station #6; Ice station #7; Ice station #8; Ice thickness, maximum; Ice thickness, minimum; Ice type; Latitude of event; Longitude of event; Megafauna, biomass, wet mass; Melt pond coverage on sea ice; Melt water depth; Meteorological observation according to ASSIST protocol; Mixed layer depth; Net radiometer, Kipp & Zonen, CNR 4; Nitrate; Nitrogen/Phosphorus ratio; Nitrogen/Silicon ratio; Optional event label; Pigment concentration in sediment; Pigment concentration in sediment, standard deviation; Polarstern; Primary production of carbon per area, daily; Primary production of carbon per area, yearly; PS80/224-1; PS80/237-1; PS80/255-1; PS80/277-1; PS80/323-1; PS80/335-1; PS80/349-1; PS80/360-1; PS80 IceArc; Radiation, photosynthetically active; Salinity; Sea ice observation according to ASSIST protocol; Short-wave downward (GLOBAL) radiation; Short-wave downward (GLOBAL) radiation, standard deviation; Temperature, air; Temperature, water; Thermometer; Thermosalinograph; TSG
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 255 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 4
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    Bio-Mooring Arrays and Long-Term Sediment Traps: Key Tools to Detect Change in the Biogeochemical and Ecological Functioning of Arctic Marine Ecosystems (2013)
    In:  EPIC3Arctic Observing Summit 2013, Vancouver, Canada, 2013-04-30-2013-05-02
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-02
    Description: Through the transfer of carbon from the surface to the deep ocean via the passive sinking and active transport of organic material, the biological pump is a key global process for the regulation of atmospheric CO2. Over the last decades, studies relying on sediment traps and other bio-devices moored over an annual cycle in the Arctic Ocean helped to resolve how the Arctic biological pump is operating and how it is responding to global change. Here, we provide a short review of the pioneer work done in the 1980-90’s and we present key knowledge gained on Arctic ecosystem functioning with a series of case-studies conducted in the 2000’s on the basis of bio-moorings: (1) carbon export in response to warm anomalies in the main Arctic gateway, the Fram Strait; (2) ecosystem-level analyses in Beaufort Sea from a vertical flux perspective; (3) the importance of lateral processes for sinking flux events in the Central Basin; and (4) the impact of zooplankton life-cycle strategies on the biological pump in fjord-like systems. We also identify regional challenges and potential future research avenues in terms of new sampling tools and coordination for the development of an Arctic biogeochemical observatory network aligned with global initiatives. As such, this paper represents a call to sustain and further develop observing activities that rely on bio-mooring arrays in the Arctic Ocean over the next decade. By capturing the full seasonality of ice-covered environments, we argue that bio-moorings are one of the most powerful approaches to distinguish natural variability from actual shifts that might affect the structure and function of Arctic marine ecosystems in response to human-induced changes.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Conference , notRev
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    PAPER (OA)
  • 5
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    Downward particulate organic carbon export at high temporal resolution in the eastern Fram Strait: Influence of Arctic and Atlantic water masses (2011)
    In:  EPIC35th International Zooplankton Production Symposium, Pucon, Chile..
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-09-17
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Conference , notRev
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  • 6
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    Downward particulate organic carbon export at high temporal resolution in the eastern Fram Strait: Influence of Atlantic Water on flux composition (2011)
    In:  EPIC3Marine Ecology Progress Series., 440, pp. 127-136
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-10-07
    Description: A sediment trap was deployed at 340 m from April to July 2003 to monitor the downward export of particulate organic carbon (POC) at high temporal resolution in the marginal ice zone of the eastern Fram Strait. Although POC fluxes remained 〈15 mg m−2 d−1, variations in the magnitude and composition of the exported POC were observed during deployment. A first period of elevated POC export associated with an increase in diatom fluxes and low zooplankton fecal pellet fluxes was recorded at the beginning of May, suggesting a mismatch between phytoplankton production and zooplankton grazing. A second period of elevated POC export composed of coccolithophores, diatom resting spores and empty diatom frustules was observed in June. This transition in the composition of the export fluxes reflected a shift in water masses caused by the onset of an ice-edge eddy bringing warm Atlantic Water into the region at the beginning of June. The cyclonic eddy also contributed to the rapid export of Phaeocystis pouchetii, a microalga that does not significantly contribute to carbon export in stratified waters. The main contributors to the zooplankton fecal pellet flux also varied according to the prevailing water mass, with copepod fecal pellets dominating throughout the deployment, except at the beginning of June, when the fecal pellet flux in Atlantic Water was dominated by appendicularian fecal pellets. These results indicate that a prevalence of Atlantic Water may have a large impact on the magnitude and composition of POC export in the eastern Fram Strait.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 7
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    Two Decades of Long-Term Sediment Trap Studies Across the Arctic Ocean: Evidences for Change or Continuity? (2010)
    In:  EPIC3State of the Arctic (SOA) Conference, March 16 - 19, Miami, Florida , USA.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-10-07
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Conference , notRev
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  • 8
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    Under-ice export of biogenic matter in the Arctic Ocean (2013)
    In:  EPIC3Gordon Research Conference on Polar Marine Science, Ventura, California, 2013-03-10-2013-03-15
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-09-17
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Conference , notRev
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  • 9
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    Variability of vertical particle flux at the long-term observatory HAUSGARTEN in Eastern Fram Strait since the year 2000. Are we witnessing a change in epipelagic community structure? (2013)
    In:  EPIC3Arctic Frontiers, Tromsö, Norway, 2013-01-21-2013-01-25
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-10-07
    Description: The export and composition of particles has been measured by means of annually moored sediment traps at the AWI long-term observatory HAUSGARTEN in Fram Strait (79°/4°E) in 200-300m depth since the year 2000. The area of investigation west of Spitsbergen at a water depth of 2500m is temporally covered by sea ice during the course of the year. It is further influenced by the inflow of warm Atlantic waters at the surface as well as recirculating of the warm waters modified by out-flowing cold arctic waters. With our study we aim at tracing effects of environmental changes in pelagic system structure and impacts on the fate of organic matter produced in the upper water column in a region that is anticipated to react very sensible to climate change. We present data on the export of total particulate matter (TPM), particulate organic carbon and nitrogen (POC/PON), biogenic particulate silica (bPSi), carbonate (CaCO3) and protist composition achieved during the period 2000 - 2009. We observed a bimodal seasonal sedimentation pattern for almost all flux components. Annual fluxes showed greatest variation for TPM and CaCO3 (3-5 fold), and a drastic decrease in bPSi, a proxy for diatoms. The export of organic carbon and total biogenic matter on the other hand hardly showed any variation (1-2 fold) since the begin of the measurements in the year 2000. The results obtained during the 9 year period of the study are compared to the findings of sediment trap studies conducted in the Fram Strait during the end of the eighties and we will discuss our findings in regard to the changing environmental conditions in the area.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Conference , notRev
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  • 10
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    Phytoplankton Ecology and Biogeochemistry in a Changing Arctic Ocean - Molecular Genetics meets Biological Oceanography (2013)
    In:  EPIC3When Genetics Meets Oceanography, Observatoire Oceanologique Université Pierre et Marie Curie & Centre national de la recherche Scientifique, Banyuls sur Mer, France, 2013-10-14-2013-10-16
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-19
    Description: In 2009 scientists at the Alfred Wegener Institute (AWI) Helmholtz Centre of Polar and Marine Research in Bremerhaven established the PEBCAO-group. Since then the group is investigating the “Plankton Ecology and Biogeochemistry in the Changing Arctic Ocean” in a uniquely synchronized approach. This involves the integration of molecular genetic investigations with traditional plankton investigations, optical parameters, microbiology, work on key species (e.g. Phaeocystis sp. or Calanus sp.), and finally the composition of organic matter. The work is carried out in the Central Arctic Ocean and the Fram Strait, where it is complementing a monitoring program on phytoplankton and vertical particle flux that has been carried out along ~79°N and in the AWI HAUSGARTEN for more than ten years. This is done in cooperation with oceanographers and deep-sea biologists. Combining the long-term data (1998-2012) with the integrative approach of PEBCAO we revealed a trend towards slightly higher chlorophyll a in the WSC during summer that is accompanied by a shift from diatoms to Phaeocystis sp. and other small pico- and nanoplankton. Furthermore, a clear zonation in the waters of the East Greenland Current (EGC), the West Spitsbergen Current (WSC) as well as for the mixing zone of both (MW) was identified in all parameters. The PEBCAO approach is an example for a successful and synergistic integration of molecular biodiversity studies with classical approaches of biological oceanography.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Conference , notRev
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