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  • 1
    Buch
    Buch
    Chantilly, Va. : Mineralogical Society of America [u.a.]
    Schlagwort(e): Mineralogy, Determinative ; Neutrons Diffraction ; Neutrons Inelastic scattering ; Geophysics Methodology ; Konferenzschrift 2006 ; Aufsatzsammlung ; Neutronenspektroskopie ; Neutronenbeugung
    Materialart: Buch
    Seiten: XX, 471 S. , graph. Darst
    ISBN: 9780939950751
    Serie: Reviews in mineralogy and geochemistry 63
    DDC: 552.06
    RVK:
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Sprache: Englisch
    Anmerkung: Literaturangaben
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    San Diego :Elsevier Science & Technology,
    Schlagwort(e): Petrofabric analysis. ; Rock deformation. ; Deformations (Mechanics). ; Microstructure. ; Electronic books.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    Seiten: 1 online resource (631 pages)
    Ausgabe: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 9781483289342
    Sprache: Englisch
    Anmerkung: Front Cover -- Preferred Orientation in Deformed Metals and Rocks: An Introduction to Modern Texture Analysis -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- Contributors -- Preface -- Frequently Used Symbols and Abbreviations -- Chapter 1. An Introduction -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Rocks and Metals -- 3. Deformation -- 4. Effects of Deformation -- 5. Preferred Orientation in Deformed Materials: Texture -- 6. A Note on Terminology -- Chapter 2. Measurement of Pole Figures -- 1. Fabric Diagrams and Pole Figures -- 2. Optical Methods -- 3. Diffraction Methods -- 4. Comparison of Methods -- Chapter 3. Symmetry of Pole Figures and Textures -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Symmetry: Operations, Groups, Elements -- 3. Three-Dimensional Point Groups -- 4. Homogeneous Polycrystalline Aggregates -- 5. Directions in Crystals -- 6. Symmetry of Pole Figures -- 7. Black-White Symmetry -- 8. Application of Black-White Groups to Pole-Figure Symmetry -- 9. Practical Symmetry of Pole Figures and Textures -- Chapter 4. Representation of Preferred Orientations -- 1. Parameters Characterizing a Polycrystalline Structure -- 2. The Orientation Distribution Function -- 3. Specification of the Crystal Orientation -- 4. Definition of Pole Figures -- 5. The Fundamental Relation of Texture Analysis -- 6. Pole-Figure Inversion Methods -- 7. The General Axis Distribution Function -- 8. Fiber Textures -- 9. Inhomogeneous Textures -- 10. Symmetry Elements of the Second Kind -- 11. Evaluation of the ODF -- Chapter 5. The Harmonic Method -- 1. General Formulation of the Method -- 2. Additional Useful Relations -- 3. The Harmonic Functions -- Chapter 6. Vector Method -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Main Principles -- 3. Practical Considerations -- 4. Examples of Analysis -- 5. Conclusions and Outlook -- Chapter 7. ODF Reproduction with Conditional Ghost Correction -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Theory. , 3. Examples -- 4. Conclusions -- Chapter 8. Dislocations and Microstructures -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Imperfect Crystals -- 3. Plastic Deformation -- 4. The Yield, Plasticity, and Recovery of Crystalline Solids-Cold work -- 5. Recrystallization -- 6. Techniques for Studying Dislocations -- 7. Examples of Microstructures -- Chapter 9. Recrystallization -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Phenomena and Terminology -- 3. The Driving Forces of Recrystallization -- 4. Deformed State and Recovery -- 5. Nucleation -- 6. Grain Boundary Migration -- 7. Kinetics of Primary Recrystallization -- 8. Grain Growth Phenomena -- 9. Dynamic Recrystallization -- Chapter 10. Regimes off Plastic Deformation -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The Mechanisms of Plastic Deformation -- 3. The Constitutive Relations for Plastic Deformation -- 4. Factors Influencing the Flow Process -- 5. The Construction of Deformation Mechanism Maps -- Chapter 11. Development off Textures by Slip and Twinning -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Methods -- 3. Plastic Deformation of Single Crystals -- 4. Polycrystals -- 5. Computer Simulation of Deformation Textures by the Taylor-Bishop-Hill Theory -- 6. Data Required for Taylor Simulations -- 7. General Discussion -- Chapter 12. Reorientation due to Grain Shape -- 1. General -- 2. Homogeneous Strain -- 3. Rigid Suspended Particles -- 4. Deformable Suspended Particles -- 5. Dispersion Flow -- Chapter 13. Textures of Metals -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Fundamental Observations and Basic Rules -- 3. Deformation Textures -- 4. Annealing Textures -- 5. Textures and Mechanical Anisotropy -- Chapter 14. Interpretation of the Copper-Brass Texture Transition by Quantitative ODF Analysis -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Peak Type Textures -- 3. Fiber Type and Mixed Textures -- Chapter 15. Microstructures and Textures in Evaporites -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Halite and Sylvite -- 3. Gypsum. , 4. Anhydrite -- 5. Carnallite -- 6. Bischofite -- Chapter 16. Ore Minerals -- 1. Sulfide Mineral Ores -- 2. Deformation Mechanism of Sulfide Minerals -- 3. Textures in Experimentally Deformed Sulfide Aggregates -- 4. Textures of Naturally Deformed Sulfide Ores -- 5. Oxide Mineral Ores -- 6. Deformation Mechanisms of Oxide Minerals -- 7. Textures in Experimentally Deformed Oxide Aggregates -- 8. Textures of Naturally Deformed Oxide Ores -- Chapter 17. Carbonates -- 1. Deformation Mechanisms -- 2. Texture Development in Experimentally Deformed Carbonate Rocks -- 3. Natural Carbonate Textures -- 4. Twinning in Calcite and Stress Determination -- Chapter 18. Preferred Orientations in Quartzites -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Mechanisms That Produce or Affect Preferred Orientations -- 3. Strain Measurement for Comparison of Fabrics -- 4. Theoretical Simulation of Deformation Fabrics -- 5. Comparison of Observed and Predicted Fabrics-Coaxial Strains -- 6. Preferred Orientations Resulting from Noncoaxial Deformation -- 7. Geological Implications -- Chapter 19. Olivine and Pyroxenes -- 1. Intragranular Flow and Related Microstructures -- 2. Recrystallization Fabrics and Texture -- 3. Textures of Natural Peridotites -- Chapter 20. Phyllosilicate Textures in Slates -- 1. General -- 2. Phyllosilicate Preferred Orientation -- 3. Original Random Orientation of Grains -- 4. Permanence of Phyllosilicate Grains -- 5. Deformation Mechanisms -- 6. Domainal Preferred Orientation -- 7. Unfolding a Fold -- 8. Conclusions -- Chapter 21. Schistosity -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The Problem -- 3. Possible Contributing Processes -- 4. Snowball Muscovite Neoblasts -- 5. A Model for the Origin of Tectonometamorphic Schistosity -- 6. Nontectonic Schistosity -- 7. Discussion -- 8. Summary -- Chapter 22. The Geological Significance of Microfabric Analysis -- 1. Introduction. , 2. Background -- 3. Models Proposed for the Development of Crystallographic Preferred Orientation by Slip -- 4. Factors Influencing Microfabric Development -- 5. Recent Theoretical Developments -- 6. Summary and Discussion -- Chapter 23. Experimental Determination of Mechanical Properties -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Stress-Strain Behavior of Solids -- 3. Laboratory Simulation of Natural Rock Deformation -- 4. Typical Stress-Strain Results for Single Crystals -- 5. Typical Stress-Strain Results for Polycrystalline Aggregates -- Chapter 24. Physical Properties of Polycrystals -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Uniaxial Properties -- 3. The Voigt - Reuss - Hill Mean Values -- 4. Influence of Other Structural Parameters on the Polycrystal Anisotropy -- 5. Triaxial Properties -- 6. Physical Meaning of the Texture Coefficients -- 7. Relations between Different Properties -- Chapter 25. Texture and Magnetic Properties of Metals -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Theoretical Discussion -- 3. Experimental Procedure -- 4. Results and Discussion -- Chapter 26. Anisotropy in Rocks and the Geological Significance -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Elastic Properties -- 3. Thermal Conductivity -- 4. Magnetic Fabric in Rocks Due to Anisotropy of Magnetic Susceptibility -- 5. Electrical Anisotropy -- References -- Index.
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  • 3
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    Cham : Springer Nature Switzerland | Cham : Imprint: Springer
    Schlagwort(e): Geology. ; Physical geography. ; Geography. ; Earth sciences. ; Environment.
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Foreword -- Preface -- 1. Introduction (history, background) -- 2. The geological frame (plate tectonics, continental collision, Alps, intrusion of Tertiary granite) -- 3. Six highlights of Bergell Geology -- 3.1 Minerals and rocks in the Bergell Alps -- 3.2 The Bergell Granite, one of the youngest on Earth -- 3.3 Microstructures of rocks, their composition and formation conditions -- 3.4 The recent history: glaciers and moraines -- 3.5 Landslides -- 3.6 Mining quarrying and water: Copper, lime, gneiss, gravel, lavez, water/electricity -- 4. Geological excursions in the Bergell Alps -- 4.1 Easy hikes -- 4.1.1. Alp Cavloccio: Tectonic units and contact rocks -- 4.1.2. Maloja: Moraines, peat bogs and glacier mills -- 4.1.3. Val Maroz: Greenschist, Bündnerschiefer (calcareous schist), travertine, serpentinite -- 4.1.4. Albigna Hut: Bergell Granit (with cable car) -- 4.1.5. Pranzaira: Introduction to Bergell rocks in the river -- 4.1.6. Piuro-Chiavenna: Old lavez quarries, Marmitte dei Giganti, Chiavenna city -- 4.1.7. Valle San Giacomo: Outcrops with Tambo granite in the Liro river, Cimaganda landslide -- 4.2 Longer excursions -- 4.2.1. Val Forno, Muretto: Bergell granite, contact zone, glacial features, pillow -- structures -- 4.2.2. Maloja, Pass Lunghin, Piz Lunghin: nappes, serpentinite, Triassic marble -- 4.2.3. Plaun da Lej-Grevasalvas-Fuorcela Grevasalvas: Higher nappes, radiolarite, old granites (Lagrev, Julier). Lime kiln at Crap da Chuern -- 4.2.4. Casaccia-Val Maroz-Val da la Duana (Piz Duan detour)-Cadrin-Löbbia-Soglio: Landslide (Maroz-Dent), upper Pennine nappes (Avers, Suretta, Tambo) -- 4.2.5. Roticcio-Val Furcela-Val da Cam- Piz Cam descent to Vicosoprano/Roticcio: Young diabase dikes, stratigraphy of Suretta nappe, Mn-silicates, quartzites -- 4.2.6. Val Albigna (Funicola), Day1 Pass da Casnil, Day 2 Pass Cacciabella: Bergell granite, pegmatite and aplite dikes, xenolith inclusions, orbicular granite -- 4.2.7. Lavinair Crusc-Piz Salacina: Calcareous silicates in contact zone -- 4.2.8. Bondo-Ciresc-Lera d'Sura-Denc dal Luf: Al2SiO5 triple point, Gruf migmatites, moraines -- 4.2.9. Bondo Cugian Cap. Sasc Fura (Val Bondasca): Contact zone with Bergell granite, ultramafic xenoliths, deformed granite, view on 2018 landslide -- 4.2.10. Overview: Via Panoramica from Casaccia to Soglio -- 4.2.11. Bondo-Ciresc-Tegiola-Val Codera-Novate Mezzola: Gruf migmatite, mylonites, high temperature mineral assemblages, Novate granite -- 4.2.12. Val Malenco-Val Sissone: Southern contact zone with tonalite, serpentinite -- Bibliography -- Index.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    Seiten: 1 Online-Ressource(XI, 157 p. 82 illus., 74 illus. in color.)
    Ausgabe: 1st ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9783031307386
    Serie: GeoGuide
    Sprache: Englisch
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 70 (1991), S. 2035-2040 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: A method is described to measure deformation textures in polycrystals by time-of-flight of thermal neutrons with a 2d position sensitive detector. The procedure is illustrated for a standard sample of deformed calcite limestone and results from the Los Alamos Neutron Scattering Center and the Intense Pulsed Neutron Source at Argonne National Laboratory are compared with those from more conventional neutron diffraction experiments.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 65 (1989), S. 4070-4073 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Neutron diffraction data document that [001] axes of YBa2Cu3O6+x in an experimentally deformed polycrystalline aggregate are preferentially aligned parallel to the compression direction. Preferred crystallographic orientation strongly affects oxygen stoichiometry results determined by structure refinement analysis of neutron diffraction data and appropriate corrections are necessary.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 348 (1990), S. 525-528 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] Electron crystallography is in many ways analogous to X-ray crystallography, except that structure-factor phases are determined directly from high-resolution images. Because proteins are very susceptible to beam damage, most applications have provided resolution in the 10-20 A range which allows ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-0967
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie
    Notizen: Abstract In the alkali feldspars of the amphibolite- and granulite-facies rocks of Sri Lanka, a late-stage, final exsolution event is observed which produced film lamellae and fine-scale spindles. These were investigated by optical, microprobe, single-crystal, transmission electron microscopy and atomic resolution microscopy techniques. The lamellae and spindles exsolved below the coherent solvus at temperatures as low as 300 to 350° C. Precession photographs and ARM micrographs show that the intergrowth is perfectly coherent. In sections ‖ (010) the rhombic section of the Pericline twins corresponds to analbite or high albite. The albite lamellae and spindles nucleated and grew at low temperatures in a metastable disordered structural state within a tweed-orthoclase matrix and became periodically twinned analbite or high albite, which subsequently developed only a slight increase in Al, Si order. The relationship between twin periodicity and lamellar width, predicted for coherent intergrowths by Willaime and Gandais (1972), is obeyed. In Or-rich grains, in which coherent exsolution is the only exsolution event, the film lamellae tend to be restricted to the rim, the fine-scale spindles to the centre of the grains. The films nucleated heterogeneously at grain boundaries and grew towards the grain centres. Fine-scale spindles probably nucleated homogeneously in the interior part of grains. Heterogeneous nucleation and coherent growth are not mutually exclusive.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Contributions to mineralogy and petrology 14 (1967), S. 81-85 
    ISSN: 1432-0967
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie
    Notizen: Abstract Barite has been found for the first time in the Swiss Jura (Hirni, Passwang). Small, white crystals of barite with yellow ankerite grow on calcite in different chambers of a Bajocian ammonite. Chemical data (by microprobe analysis) and lattice parameters (refined by leastsquares from powder patterns) are given for the two minerals. There is a distinct correlation between the cell dimensions and the chemical composition for both of them. The genesis is discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Contributions to mineralogy and petrology 83 (1983), S. 330-341 
    ISSN: 1432-0967
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie
    Notizen: Abstract Field observations, experimental and crystallographic data and thermodynamic considerations all suggest that Al-Si order-disorder is a crucial factor in explaining composition and stability of the mineral scapolite. Over the whole compositional range, scapolites have AlIV-O-AlIV bonds with the exception of one intermediate member with an Al/Si ratio of 1/2. Scapolites of this composition are the lowest temperature form and appear in areas with argillaceous carbonates and evaporites which have been subjected to progressive metamorphism. In similar areas without evaporites, the onset of the CO3-scapolite stability field is approx. 150° C higher with an Al/Si ratio in the scapolite of about 5/7. This particular CO3-scapolite is a compromise between the number of Al-O-Al bonds and the volume of the anion site occupied by CO3. Based on field- and experimental data, temperature-composition diagrams for scapolite, plagioclase and calcite have been constructed. These diagrams may be explained in the light of contrasting Al-Si order-disorder in plagioclase and scapolite, i.e. at low temperature, plagioclase endmembers and intermediate scapolite members are stable, towards higher temperatures the ∩-shaped temperature-composition field of plagioclase and the V-shaped one of scapolite interfere in a complicated way. Electron microscopy of Al-rich scapolite, 63〈eqan〈73, did not detect any reflections violating the P42/n extinction rules. But these scapolites (with or without Cl-anion) show domain boundaries. We interpret them as APB's in the Al/Si ordering pattern on T2-T3 sites which reverses when a displacement R=1/2 [111] is applied.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Contributions to mineralogy and petrology 11 (1965), S. 559-585 
    ISSN: 1432-0967
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Zusammenfassung Es werden versehiedene Möglichkeiten gezeigt, den Computer zur Korngefüge-analyse herbeizuziehen. Nebe der mathematischen Formulierung des Problems, der Diskussion der genetischen Bedeutung anhand von Beispielen (Dolomit- und Calcitgefüge) und des Anwendungsbereiches einer Methodegeben wir eine ausführliche Programmbeschreibung. Die verwendeten FORTRAN-Programme können durch das Mineralogische Institut der Universität Basel bezogen werden. Abgeleitet, wird die Transformation sphärischer Koordinaten, die indirekte Orientierung (die Orientierung nicht gemessener, sondern konstruierter und berechneter Pole). Die quantitative Deutung indirekter Polverteilungen wird kurz diskutiert. Neu wird die Nachbarwinkelstatistik in die Gefügeanalyse eingeführt. Der Nachbarwinkel ermöglicht wichtige Aussagen über den Regelungsmechanis mus bei Kristallisation odor Deformation. Die Verteilung des mittleren Nachbarwinkels eines Kristalls im Gefüge gibt Aufschluß über Inhomogenitäten und über die thermodynamische Stabilität. Die Verwendung der elektronischen Rechenmaschine bedeutet einesteils eine große Zeitersparnis, ermöglicht andererseits eine viel genauere Beschreibung der Genität des Gefüges.
    Notizen: Abstract Different possibilities of applying computers for petrofabric analysis are shown. The use of electronic computers not only saves much time but also makes possible a much more accurate description of the geometrical relations in the fabric. Mathematical formulation of the problem, discussion of the genetic significance by means of examples (dolomite and calcite fabric), and a detailed description of the programs are given. (The used FORTRAN-programs can be obtained from the Mineralogical Institute of the University of Basle, Switzerland.) The transformation of spherical coordinates and the indirect orientation (orientation of not measured but constructed and calculated pole directions) are deduced. The quantitative interpretation of indirect pole distributions is briefly discussed. For the first time a complete neighbouring-angle statistic is introduced in petrofabric analysis. The neighbouring-angle allows important statements about the mechanism of orientation during crystallization and deformation. The distribution of the medium neighbouring-angle of each crystal in the fabric gives information about inhomogeneities and thermodynamic stability.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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