Note: Intro -- Preface -- Organization -- Contents -- AI and Medical Technology -- BLU-GAN: Bi-directional ConvLSTM U-Net with Generative Adversarial Training for Retinal Vessel Segmentation -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Method -- 2.1 Image Preprocessing -- 2.2 The Proposed Architecture -- 3 Experiments -- 3.1 Datasets -- 3.2 Implementation Details -- 3.3 Results -- 4 Conclusion -- References -- Choroidal Neovascularization Segmentation Based on 3D CNN with Cross Convolution Module -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Method -- 3 Experiment -- 3.1 Dataset -- 3.2 Implementation Details -- 3.3 Evaluation Criterion -- 3.4 Result -- 4 Conclusion -- References -- Task-Free Recovery and Spatial Characterization of a Globally Synchronized Network from Resting-State EEG -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methods -- 2.1 Experimental Procedures -- 2.2 Blind Source Separation of Resting-State EEG Data -- 2.3 Identification of the SOBI-Recovered gRSN Component -- 2.4 Hypothesis-Driven Source Modeling -- 2.5 Scalp Projection of the gRSN as Input to BESA -- 2.6 Iterative ECD Model Fitting Procedure -- 2.7 From ECD Coordinates to Anatomical Structures -- 2.8 Quantitative Characterization of the gRSN's Spatial Configuration -- 2.9 Hits Vector-Based Visualization of Individual Differences -- 2.10 Statistical Analysis -- 2.11 The "Inverse Problem" -- 3 Results -- 3.1 Reliable Recovery of gRSN Components from Resting-State EEG -- 3.2 Variable Neural Generators Underlying the SOBI Recovered gRSN Component -- 3.3 Quantifying Cross-individual Variability in Network Configuration -- 3.4 Quantifying Within-Individual Variations in Network Configuration -- 4 Conclusion -- 4.1 gRSN: A Spatially Defined High-Dimensional Neural Marker -- 4.2 Individual Differences in Spatial Configuration of gRSN -- 4.3 Implications for Medicine -- References. , PRU-net: An U-net Model with Pyramid Pooling and Residual Block for WMH Segmentation -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Related Work -- 3 Method -- 3.1 Work Flow -- 3.2 U-net Based Fully Convolutional Neural Network -- 3.3 Pyramid Pooling Block -- 3.4 Residual Connection Block -- 4 Experiment -- 4.1 Datasets and Preprocessing -- 4.2 Experimental Setup -- 4.3 Evaluation Criteria -- 4.4 Comparison of Different Models -- 4.5 Comparison with Existing Approaches -- 5 Discussion -- References -- Two-Way Perceived Color Difference Saliency Algorithm for Image Segmentation of Port Wine Stains -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 A Subsection Sample -- 2 Principle of Proposed Algorithm -- 2.1 Pre-processing -- 2.2 Image Segmentation -- 2.3 Post-processing -- 3 Data Sources -- 4 Results -- 5 Discussion -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- A New Pathway to Explore Reliable Biomarkers by Detecting Typical Patients with Mental Disorders -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methods -- 2.1 Data and Neuroimaging Measures -- 2.2 Overview of Our Method -- 2.3 Detection of Typical Subjects -- 2.4 Evaluation -- 3 Results -- 3.1 Results of Study 1: Typical Patients Show Significant Group Differences Using Statistical Analyses -- 3.2 Results of Study 2: Typical Patients Are More Distinguishable Than Whole Subjects Based on Classification Task -- 3.3 Results of Study 3: Typical Patients Show More Compactness Within Groups and Significant Separation Between Groups Using Clustering and Projection Analyses -- 4 Conclusion -- References -- Activities Prediction of Drug Molecules by Using Automated Model Building with Descriptor Selection -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Towards Automated Activities Prediction of Drug Molecules -- 2.1 Automated Descriptor Selection -- 2.2 Automated Model Building -- 3 Experiments -- 3.1 Dataset -- 3.2 Experimental Setup -- 3.3 Experimental Analysis -- 4 Conclusions -- References. , Survival Prediction of Glioma Tumors Using Feature Selection and Linear Regression -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Materials and Methods -- 2.1 Dataset -- 2.2 Tumor Segmentation and Feature Extraction -- 2.3 Feature Seletion and Regression -- 2.4 Implementation Details -- 3 Results -- 4 Discussion and Conclusion -- References -- AI and Big Data -- Root Cause Localization from Performance Monitoring Metrics Data with Multidimensional Attributes -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Problem Formulation -- 2.1 Problem Statement -- 2.2 Challenge -- 3 Proposed Approach -- 3.1 Definition of Objective Function -- 3.2 Explanations of Objective Function -- 3.3 Heuristic Search Framework -- 4 Evaluation -- 4.1 Date Set -- 4.2 The Effectiveness and Efficiency of Algorithm -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- A Performance Benchmark for Stream Data Storage Systems -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Overview of Stream Data Storage Systems -- 2.1 Typical Application Scenarios -- 2.2 Requirements -- 2.3 Critical Technologies -- 2.4 Typical Systems -- 3 Design of SSBench -- 3.1 Architecture and Functions -- 3.2 Common Read/Write Performance -- 3.3 Column Read/Write Performance -- 3.4 Imbalanced Load Performance -- 3.5 Transactional Load Performance -- 4 Performance Evaluation of Typical Systems -- 4.1 Common Read/Write Performance -- 4.2 Column Stream -- 4.3 Load Balance -- 4.4 Distributed Transactions -- 5 Related Works -- 5.1 Benchmarks for Storage Systems -- 5.2 Benchmarks for Data Processing Systems -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- Failure Characterization Based on LSTM Networks for Bluegene/L System Logs -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methodology -- 2.1 Log Preprocessing -- 2.2 Vectorization -- 2.3 Model Training -- 2.4 Failure Rules Mining -- 3 Experiments and Evaluations -- 4 Related Work -- 5 Conclusion and Future Work -- References. , Traffic Crowd Congested Scene Recognition Based on Dilated Convolution Network -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Related Work -- 2.1 Congested Scene Recognition Based on Sensed Data -- 2.2 Dilated Convolutional Neural Networks -- 2.3 Limitations of the State-of-the-art Approaches -- 3 Crowd Congestion Scene Detection Based on Two-Column Very Deep Learning -- 3.1 Dilated Convolution on Two-Column Network -- 3.2 Proposed Crowd Congestion Detection Framework -- 3.3 Constructing Two-Column Dilated Convolutional Network Architecture -- 3.4 Learning Crowd Congestion Scene Recognition Model Based on Two-Column Dilated Convolution Network -- 4 Experiment -- 4.1 Dataset and Metrics -- 4.2 Training Details -- 4.3 Comparison Results -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Failure Prediction for Large-Scale Clusters Logs via Mining Frequent Patterns -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Terminology -- 3 Methodology -- 3.1 Failure Prediction Framework -- 3.2 Construct Event Transactions -- 3.3 Construct Event Sequence Transactions -- 3.4 Frequent Event Sequences Mining -- 3.5 Building Failure Rules Library -- 3.6 Online Failure Prediction -- 4 Experiments and Evaluations -- 4.1 Experiment Settings -- 4.2 Log Characteristics Analysis -- 4.3 Event Sequence Transactions -- 4.4 Rules Mining Results -- 4.5 Evaluation of Failure Predication -- 5 Related Work -- 6 Conclusion and Future Works -- References -- FLBench: A Benchmark Suite for Federated Learning -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Related Work -- 2.1 Federated Learning -- 2.2 Benchmarks -- 3 FLBench Methodology and Design -- 3.1 FLBench Methodology -- 3.2 FLBench Design -- 3.3 FLBench Implementation -- 4 Conclusion -- References -- Fake News Detection Using Knowledge Vector -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Related Work -- 3 Methodology -- 3.1 Overview -- 3.2 Extract Event Triple -- 3.3 Fuse Word2vec and TransE -- 3.4 Detect Fake News -- 4 Experiment. , 4.1 Dateset -- 4.2 Experimental Setup -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- A Reconfigurable Electrical Circuit Auto-Processing Method for Direct Electromagnetic Inversion -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Principle Design -- 3 Method Demonstration -- 4 Evaluation and Discussion -- 4.1 Topological Determination -- 4.2 Convergence Performance -- 4.3 Inversion with Admittance -- 4.4 Complexity Analysis -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Implementing Natural Language Processes to Natural Language Programming -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Brief Natural Language Process -- 3 Implementing Natural Language Programming -- 3.1 Sentence Breaker -- 3.2 Realization of Loop Finder -- 3.3 Results Display -- 3.4 Testing -- 4 Conclusion -- References -- AI and Block Chain -- LSO: A Dynamic and Scalable Blockchain Structuring Framework -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 A Subsection Sample -- 2 Related Work -- 2.1 ChainNet -- 2.2 ABC/TBC Architecture for Scalability and Privacy -- 2.3 Blockchain Oracles -- 2.4 Event-Driven Architecture -- 3 LSO System Structuring Framework -- 3.1 LSO System Framework -- 3.2 Collaboration Layer to Support Registration -- 3.3 Multi-level CL Network -- 3.4 Dynamic Trust Evaluation -- 3.5 Event-Driven Architecture (EDA) -- 3.6 Oracle Machine Operation -- 4 Applications -- 4.1 BDL System in LSO -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- CISV: A Cross-Blockchain Information Synchronization and Verification Mode -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Related Work -- 2.1 Blockchain Underlying Storage Mechanism -- 2.2 Blockchain Interoperability -- 3 Cross-Blockchain Information Synchronization and Verification -- 3.1 Definitions -- 3.2 Cross-Chain Information Synchronization (CIS) -- 3.3 Cross-Chain Information Verification (CIV) -- 4 Experiments and Analysis -- 4.1 On-Chain Data Processing -- 4.2 Blockchain Storage Performance Test -- 4.3 Cross-Chain Information Synchronization. , 4.4 Cross-Chain Information Verification.

Note: Title -- Preface -- Organization -- Table of Contents -- Keynote Talk -- Born's Rule as an Empirical Addition to Probabilistic Coherence -- Language -- Introducing Scalable Quantum Approaches in Language Representation -- Introduction -- Heterogeneous Computing -- Quantum Approaches in Language Processing -- Methods and Planned Outcomes -- Conclusion -- References -- Similarity Metrics within a Point of View -- Introduction -- Vector Space Models of the Mental Lexicon -- Motivating the Angle as a Measure of Similarity -- Requirements for a Metric Space -- Are Semantic Spaces Good Models of Human Cognition? -- Homographs and the Non-identity of Indiscernible -- Human Similarity Judgements Are Not Symmetric -- Human Similarity Judgements Violate the Triangle Inequality -- The Point of View Model -- The Evocation Data Set -- Concluding Remarks -- References -- Toward a Formal Model of the Shifting Relationship between Concepts and Contexts during Associative Thought -- Introduction -- The SCOP Theory of Concepts -- The Study -- Participants and Method -- Results -- Analysis of Experimental Data and Application to the Model -- Assumptions and Goals -- Analysis of the States and Contexts -- Expected Context Typicality -- Discussion and Future Directions -- References -- Semantic Spaces -- A Compositional Distributional Semantics, Two Concrete Constructions, and Some Experimental Evaluations -- Introduction -- Sketching the Problem and a Hybrid Solution -- Two Concrete Constructions for Sentence Spaces -- Structured Vector Spaces and a Toy Corpus -- Plain Vector Spaces and the BNC -- Evaluation and Experiments -- Conclusion and Future Work -- References -- Finding Schizophrenia's Prozac Emergent Relational Similarity in Predication Space -- Introduction -- Background -- Mathematical Structure and Methods -- Analogical Retrieval -- Evaluation -- Results. , Discussion -- Conclusion -- References -- Spectral Composition of Semantic Spaces -- Introduction -- Related Concepts in Quantum Mechanics and Spectroscopy -- A Brief Overview of Semantic Spaces -- Spectral Composition of Semantic Spaces -- Semantic Spaces as Observables -- Semantic Spectrum -- Evolving Semantics and Considerations for Future Work -- Conclusions -- References -- Economics, Politics and Decision -- Dynamic Optimization with Type Indeterminate Decision-Maker: A Theory of Multiple-self Management -- Introduction -- Dynamic Single Player Optimization -- An Illustrative Example -- A TI-model of Dynamic Optimization -- Concluding Remarks -- References -- Pseudo-classical Nonseparability and Mass Politics in Two-Party Systems -- Introduction -- Balancing Theory -- Classical Views of Separability and Nonseparability -- Toward a More General Framework -- A Pseudo-classical Model of Voter Preference -- References -- A Quantum Cognition Analysis of the Ellsberg Paradox -- Introduction -- The Sure-Thing Principle and the Ellsberg Paradox -- A Preliminary Analysis of the Paradox -- An Experiment Testing the Ellsberg Paradox -- A Quantum Model for Conceptual Landscapes -- References -- Psychology and Cognition -- Can Classical Epistemic States Be Entangled? -- Introduction -- Non-commutative Operations -- Phase Space Partitions -- Dynamics -- Dynamical Entropy -- Symbolic Dynamics -- Improper Partitions -- Compatibility and Other Relations Between Partitions -- Epistemic Entanglement -- Acategorial Mental States -- Temporal Nonlocality -- References -- Quantum Structure in Cognition: Why and How Concepts Are Entangled -- Introduction -- Detecting Entanglement between Concepts -- Description of the Experiment -- Explanation of Entanglement in Concepts -- References -- Options for Testing Temporal Bell Inequalities for Mental Systems -- Introduction. , Bell Inequalities -- Bell Inequality for a Two-State System -- Temporal Bell Inequalitites for Two-State Systems -- Generalized Temporal Bell Inequalities -- Experimental Tests of Bell Inequalities in Mental Systems -- Conclusions -- References -- Information Representation and Retrieval -- Quantum-Like Uncertain Conditionals for Text Analysis -- Introduction -- Conditionals in Quantum Logics -- Uncertain Conditional and Text Analysis -- Conditionals for SEs -- Material Implication -- Subjunctive Conditional -- Topic-Specific Lattices -- An Example -- Anomalies in the Ordering -- Lattices for Two Languages -- Discussion and Conclusion -- References -- Modelling the Acitivation of Words in Human Memory: The Spreading Activation, Spooky-activation-at-a-distance and the Entanglement Models Compared -- Introduction -- Activation Models -- Spooky Action at a Distance -- Spreading Activation Model -- Entanglment Activation Model -- Analysis of Activation Models -- Spooky Action at a Distance -- Spreading Activation Model -- Entanglement Activation Model -- Discussion -- Summary and Outlook -- References -- Senses in Which Quantum Theory Is an Analogy for Information Retrieval and Science -- Introduction -- Analogy at the Level of Ontology and Epistemology -- Nature at Micro-level vs Collection -- Types of Observation -- Selecting Phenomena and Making Statements -- Analogy of Individual Phenomena -- Superposition -- Entanglement -- Analogies at the Level of Models and Expression -- Conclusion -- References -- Computation and Information -- A Hierarchical Sorting Oracle -- Introduction -- Sorting -- Oracle Development -- First Requirement -- Second Requirement -- General Circuit -- Final Considerations -- Conclusions -- References -- Quantum-Like Paradigm: From Molecular Biology to Cognitive Psychology -- Introduction. , Classical Law of Total Probability and Its Quantum-Like Modification -- Violation of the Law of Total Probability in Microbiology: Glucose Effect on E. Coli Growth -- Decision Making as Decoherence of Quantum-Like Mental State -- References -- Posters -- A Quantum-Conceptual Explanation of Violations of Expected Utility in Economics -- Introduction -- The Sure-Thing Principle and the Disjunction Effect -- Quantum Modeling of the Hawaii Disjunction Effect -- Concept Combinations, The Disjunction Effect and Conceptual Landscapes -- Conclusion -- References -- On the Nature of the Human Mind: The Cognit Space Theory -- Introduction -- The Two Mind Distinction -- The Human Evolutionarily Adapted Mind (HEAM) -- The Tabula Rasa Mind (TRM) -- Consciousness, Sleep and the Silent Man -- Conclusions -- References -- Quantum Phenomenology and Dynamic Co-emergence -- Introduction -- Monism and Dualism -- Quantum Phenomenology: Being-in-the-World -- A Pertinent Example: Being-in-the-Air -- References -- Envisioning Dynamic Quantum Clustering in Information Retrieval -- Introduction -- Document Clustering -- Dynamic Quantum Clustering -- Experiments on DQC in Information Retrieval -- Final Remarks -- References -- Contextual Image Annotation via Projection and Quantum Theory Inspired Measurement for Integration of Text and Visual Features -- Introduction and Related Work -- Projection-Based Approach to Associating Textual and Visual Features -- Quantum Measurement-Based Approach to Associating Textual and Visual Features -- Experimental Settings -- Results and Analysis -- Conclusion and Future Work -- References -- MPEG-7 Features in Hilbert Spaces: Querying Similar Images with Linear Superpositions -- Introduction -- Related Work -- Image Representation and Relevance Computation -- Implementation and Testing -- Conclusions and Future Work -- References. , Author Index.

Note: Intro -- Series Editor's Preface -- Preface -- Contents -- List of Figures -- List of Tables -- Chapter 1 Energy Transition in Economic Growth -- 1 Growth "Limit" and Breakdown in Pre-industrial Society -- 1.1 Growth Mechanism in Pre-industrial Society: "Malthusian Cycle" -- 1.2 Growth "Limit" Source in Pre-industrial Society: Traditional View -- 1.3 Growth "Ceiling" in Pre-industrial Society Broken by Industrial Revolution -- 2 Industrial Revolution, Economic Transition and Energy Transition -- 2.1 Industrial Revolution: Transition of Far-Fetching Economic Growth Pattern -- 2.1.1 British Economic Growth in Industrial Revolution Is not Significantly Promoted -- 2.1.2 Industrial Revolution Promotes Growth Mode to Transit from Organic Economy to Mineral Energy Economy -- 2.2 Energy Transition Is the Motive Power and Core Factor of Economic Transition -- 2.3 Why Britain Takes the Lead to Transit from Energy to Coal -- 2.3.1 Rich Coal Reserves and Convenient Exploitation and Transportation in Britain -- 2.3.2 Energy Supply Crisis Caused by Insufficient Wood in Late Sixteenth Century -- 2.3.3 Unique Factor Pricing System Promotes Coal-Intensive Technology Innovation -- 3 Energy Transition and State Economy Vicissitude Cases -- 3.1 Peat Energy and Economic Rise and Decline in Netherlands -- 3.1.1 Rise and Decline of the First "Modern Economy" -- 3.1.2 Role of Peat Energy in Netherlands Rise and Decline -- 3.2 Coal Transition and Alteration of British Economic Status -- 3.2.1 Britain Replaces Netherlands to Be World Economic Power -- 3.2.2 Coal Transition and Economic Rise and Decline in Britain -- 3.3 Oil Transformation and World Economy in "Age of America" -- 3.3.1 Oncoming of World Economy in "Age of America" -- 3.3.2 Significance of Oil to the Economic Status of America. , 4 Economic Growth New "Limit" and Energy Transition New Challenge -- 4.1 Mineral Energy Economy Growth Limit and Partial Decomposition -- 4.1.1 Disputes Around Growth Limit in the Industrial Society -- 4.1.2 Economic Development May Eradicate or Relieve Growth Limit -- 4.2 New Limit of Economic Growth: Limit of CO2 Concentration -- 4.3 New Challenge in Energy Transition: Growing Narrow Space of Carbon Emission -- References -- Chapter 2 History and Logic Analysis of Energy Transition -- 1 History of Energy Utilization and Energy Transition -- 1.1 History of Human Energy Utilization -- 1.1.1 Discovery and Utilization of Fire -- 1.1.2 Utilization of Natural Power, Including Animal Power, Wind Power and Hydropower -- Utilization of Animal Power -- Application of Wind Power -- Employment of Hydropower -- 1.1.3 Development and Utilization of Fossil Fuel -- Development and Utilization of Coal -- Development and Utilization of Petroleum -- Development and Utilization of Natural Gas -- 1.1.4 Discovery and Utilization of Electricity -- 1.1.5 Discovery and Utilization of Nuclear Energy -- 1.2 History and Theory of Energy Transition: Three Viewpoints -- 1.2.1 Theory of Three Energy Transitions -- 1.3 Theory of Five Energy Transitions -- 1.3.1 Theory of Two Energy Transitions -- 1.4 Comparison and Summary -- 2 Conceptual Framework of National Energy Transition Analysis -- 2.1 Definition of Energy Transition -- 2.1.1 Implication of Energy Transition -- 2.1.2 Three Constitutive Elements of National Energy Transition -- 2.1.3 Discrimination of Several Concepts Relating to Energy Transition -- Energy Revolution and Energy Transition -- Energy Era and Energy Transition -- Energy Transformation and Energy Transition -- 2.2 Energy Transition Stage Division Under a New Framework -- 2.2.1 Prime Mover and Primary Energy Replacement. , 2.2.2 Energy Transition and Change of Energy System Characteristics -- 2.2.3 New Division of Energy Transition Stages -- 2.3 Three Critical Factors Affecting National Energy Transition -- 2.3.1 Efficiency and Reliability of Energy Prime Movers and Price Competitiveness of New Fuel -- 2.3.2 The Potential of a Type of Primary Energy to Become the Leading Energy -- 2.3.3 Characteristics of National Energy and Economy -- 3 Particularities of the Transition to Renewable Energy and Related Problems -- 3.1 Particularities of the Transition to Renewable Energy -- 3.1.1 The Major Impetus of Transition Is Transformed from Driving of Prime Movers to Policy Orientation -- 3.1.2 The Contradiction Between the Protracted Nature of Energy Transition and Urgency of Accelerating the Current Transition -- 3.1.3 Transformation from a Single Type of Leading Energy into Multiple Types of Leading Energy -- 3.2 Problems Arising from Transition to Renewable Energy -- 3.2.1 An Over-Optimistic Attitude Toward the Development Prospect of Renewable Energy -- 3.2.2 A High Cost Is an Endogenous Characteristic of Transition to Renewable Energy for a Quite Long Time -- 3.2.3 Reversals in the Transition Process -- References -- Chapter 3 German Practice in State Energy Transition -- 1 Energy Transition in German History -- 1.1 Coal's Replacement of Core Wood and Coal Age -- 1.2 Oil's Replacement of Coal and Oil Age -- 1.3 Transition to Natural Gas -- 1.4 Transition to Renewable Energy -- 2 Present German Energy Transition Background and Objective -- 2.1 Present German Energy Transition Background -- 2.1.1 Sustained High Import Reliance on Main Fossil Energy Consumption in Germany -- 2.1.2 Decrease of German Gross Energy Consumption and Per Capita Consumption in the 1980s -- 2.2 Establishment of Energy Transition Objective. , 3 Assessment of Progress in Energy Transformation in 2020 -- 3.1 More Than 2/3 Renewable Energy Goals Have Been Completed -- 3.1.1 Nearly 80% Renewable Energy Power Consumption Share Goal Has Been Completed -- 3.1.2 Nearly 67% Renewable Energy Share Target for Terminal Energy Consumption Has Been Completed -- 3.1.3 Slow Renewable Energy Growth in the Heating and Transportation Industries -- 3.2 The Energy Consumption Reduction Target Progresses Slowly -- 3.2.1 The Trend of Primary Energy Consumption Reduction -- 3.2.2 Fast Power Consumption Reduction -- 3.2.3 It Takes Time to Reduce Energy Consumption in the Transportation Sector -- 3.3 60% of Greenhouse Gas Emission Reduction Target Has Been Completed -- 4 Experience and Problems in Germany's Renewable Energy Transformation -- 4.1 Experience in Energy Transformation -- 4.1.1 Wind Power and Photovoltaic Power Generation Are the Most Promising Renewable Energy Technology -- 4.1.2 Long-Term Stable Support Policy with Fixed Feed-in Tariff (FIT) as the Core -- 4.1.3 Increasing the Flexibility of the Power System Is a Priority Means in Coping with the Fluctuation of Renewable Energy -- 4.1.4 Optimizing Power Grid Is the Key to the Development of Renewable Energy -- 4.1.5 The Renewable Energy Policy Is Timely Adjusted to Ensure It Keeps Pace with the Times -- 4.2 Issues of Energy Transformation -- 4.2.1 Growing Cost of the Transition to Renewable Energy -- 4.2.2 Coal Power and Carbon Emission Increase with the Progress of Renewable Energy Transformation -- 4.2.3 The Negative Impact of Renewable Energy on the Sharp Reduction of Electricity Trading Prices Is Increasingly Evident -- 4.2.4 Wealth Transfer and Equity Issues Caused by Energy Transition -- 5 Challenges in Germany's Transition to Renewable Energy -- 5.1 Identify the Real Challenges of the Transition to Renewable Energy. , 5.1.1 Distinguish Between "Problems" and "Challenges" -- 5.1.2 The Challenges of the Energy Transition Come Primarily from Wind Energy and Solar -- 5.2 German Energy Transition Cost Expected to Reach the Peak -- 5.2.1 Wind Energy and Photovoltaic Energy Power Generation's "Full Cost" Lower Than Fossil Fuel Power Generation -- 5.2.2 German Energy Transition Cost Expected to Reach the Peak and Gradually Decrease in 2023 -- 5.3 Two Challenges Faced by German Energy Transition 4.0 -- 5.3.1 Whether to Establish a Power Technology System Compatible with Photovoltaic Power Generation Intermittency and Volatility -- 5.3.2 Feasibility of Establishing a Power Market Trading Mechanism Compatible with Wind Power and Photovoltaic Power Generation Features -- References -- Chapter 4 American Practice in State Energy Transition -- 1 Energy Transition in American History -- 1.1 Botany Energy Age -- 1.2 Start and Process of Coal Transition -- 1.2.1 Transportation Industry -- 1.2.2 Iron and Steel Industry -- 1.2.3 Application of Steam Power in Manufacturing Industry -- 1.2.4 Start and Progress of Coal Transition -- 1.3 Start and Progress of Oil Transition -- 1.3.1 America-Pioneer of Modern Oil Industry -- 1.3.2 Fast Growth of Oil Consumption -- 1.3.3 Start and Progress of Oil Transition -- 1.4 Start and Progress of Natural Gas Transition -- 1.4.1 Expansion of the Utilization of Natural Gas -- 1.4.2 Start and Progress of Natural Gas Transition -- 2 Evolution of Current Energy Transition Policy in America -- 2.1 Proposal and Development of "Energy Independence" Strategy -- 2.1.1 Reinforce Government Regulation, Increase Supply and Develop Proper New Energy -- 2.1.2 Regulate Traditional Energy Supply and Demand by Market and Support Ethanol Fuel in New Energy -- 2.1.3 Form Balance and Systematic "Energy Independence" Policy. , 2.1.4 "Clean Energy" Centered New Energy Policy of Obama Administration.

Note: Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- Chapter 1: Introduction -- 1.1 Digital Earth -- 1.2 Digital Ocean -- 1.3 Digital Coast -- 1.4 Modeling with DOandDC -- 1.5 Virtual Visualization Application in DOandDC -- 1.5.1 Research of Global Climate Change -- 1.5.2 Management of Fisheries and Ocean Biology -- 1.5.3 Ocean Emergency Decision-Making -- 1.5.4 Ocean Scientific Research Field -- 1.6 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 2: Ocean Big Data Acquiring and Integration Technologies -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Acquiring Ocean Big Data -- 2.3 Characteristics of Ocean Big Data -- 2.3.1 Acquired from Multiple Sources -- 2.3.2 The Variety of the Data Content -- 2.3.3 The Heterogeneity Storage Format -- 2.3.4 The Large Data Volume -- 2.3.5 The Velocity of Data -- 2.3.6 Multiple Temporal and Spatial Scales -- 2.3.7 Multi-Level in Depth -- 2.3.8 Multiple Levels of Data Users -- 2.3.9 The High Potential Value -- 2.4 Primary Study on Ocean Big Data Integration Technology -- 2.5 Applications -- 2.6 Conclusions and Future Work -- References -- Chapter 3: Digital Ocean and Digital Coast Data Web Service Modeling -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Modeling of the Web Data Service -- 3.3 Validation of the Web Data Service -- 3.3.1 Matching Parameter Validation -- 3.3.2 Model Logic Validation -- 3.4 Implement Process of the Web Data Service -- 3.4.1 The Service Model Creation -- 3.4.2 The Configuration of Model Element Attribute -- 3.4.3 The Validation of Service Chain -- 3.4.4 The Construction of Model Description -- 3.4.5 The Model Management -- 3.4.6 The Model Monitoring -- Chapter 4: Coastal Flood Forecasting Modeling and Analysis -- 4.1 US-SCS Curve Number Method -- 4.2 Data Preprocessing -- 4.2.1 Thiessen Polygon to Associate Runoff and Precipitation Stations -- 4.2.2 Base Flow Separation -- 4.2.3 Antecedent Moisture Condition (AMC) -- 4.3 CN Value -- 4.4 Composite CN Value. , 4.5 Runoff Simulation Using SCS CN Model in the ORM Area -- 4.6 Water Level Prediction -- 4.6.1 Stage Discharge Relation -- 4.6.2 Stage-Discharge Curves -- 4.7 Summary -- References -- Chapter 5: Coastal Flood Frequency Modeling -- 5.1 Flood Frequency and Return Period -- 5.2 Application of Log-Pearson III (LP3) Model for Flood Frequency Analysis -- 5.2.1 Introduction to LP3 -- 5.2.2 Frequency Analysis by Frequency Factors Method -- 5.2.3 Application of LP3 Model for Flood Frequency Analysis in the ORM Area -- 5.2.4 Apply LP3 Model for Flood Frequency Prediction in the ORM Area -- 5.3 Application of GEV Model for Flood Frequency Analysis and Prediction -- 5.3.1 Introduction to GEV Model -- 5.3.2 GEV Parameter Determination by Maximum Likelihood Method (MLM) -- 5.3.3 Evaluation of GEV Model for Flood Frequency Analysis in the ORM Area -- 5.3.4 Application of the GEV Model for Flood Frequency Prediction in the ORM Area -- 5.4 Concentration-Area Fractal Model for Flood Threshold Selection -- 5.4.1 Threshold Selection for Partial-Duration Series Flood Frequency Analysis -- 5.4.2 Introduction to Fractal Models -- 5.4.3 Concentration-Area Fractal Method -- 5.4.4 Application of Concentration-Area Fractal Method for Flood Threshold Selection -- 5.4.5 Discussion -- 5.5 Application of Power Law (PL) model for partial-duration series flood frequency analysis -- 5.5.1 Introduction to Power Law Model for Flood Frequency Analysis -- 5.5.2 Application of Power Law Model for Flood Frequency Analysis in the ORM Area -- 5.5.3 Application of the Power Law Model for Flood Frequency Prediction in the ORM Area -- 5.6 Apply Generalized Pareto (GP) Distribution for Partial-Duration Series Flood Frequency Analysis -- 5.6.1 Introduction to GP Distribution for Flood Frequency Analysis -- 5.6.2 GP Distribution Parameter Determination by Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE). , 5.6.3 Evaluation of GP Distribution for Flood Frequency Analysis in the ORM Area -- 5.6.4 Application of the GP Model for Flood Frequency Prediction in the ORM Area -- 5.7 Comparison of Flood Frequency Analysis Using LP3, GEV, PL and GP Methods -- References -- Chapter 6: Spatial Decision Making and Analysis for Flood Forecasting -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Problems of Real-Time Flood Forecasting -- 6.3 System Overview -- 6.4 Architecture of WSDSS -- 6.5 Components of WSDSS -- 6.6 System Functionality -- 6.6.1 Decision Support Services for River Rainfall-Runoff Prediction -- 6.6.2 Decision Support Services for Flood Frequency Prediction -- 6.7 System Development Approach: An Integrated Approach -- 6.8 Summary -- References -- Chapter 7: Ocean and Coast Disaster Data Modeling -- 7.1 Multidimensional Data Organization of Ocean Disasters -- 7.1.1 Thematic Structure of an Ocean Disaster Spatio-temporal Data Warehouse -- 7.1.2 Modeling the Dimensions of the Ocean Disaster in Spatio-temporal Data Warehouse -- 7.1.2.1 Time Dimension -- 7.1.2.2 Space Dimension -- 7.1.2.3 Dimensions of the Source Project, Contact Information, and Investigation Information -- 7.1.2.4 Category, Data Format, and the Spatial Reference Dimensions -- 7.1.2.5 Warehouse Model of the Ocean Disaster Multi-dimensional Spatio-temporal Data -- 7.1.2.6 The Measurement of the Fact Table -- 7.1.2.7 Multidimensional Basic Analysis Theme Data Model -- 7.1.2.8 Modeling for Comprehensive Analysis -- 7.2 Three-dimensional Ocean Disaster Monitoring Data Management -- 7.2.1 Software Structure Design -- 7.2.2 Software Development -- 7.3 Multi-dimensional Expression of the Process of Ocean Disaster Factors -- 7.3.1 Software Structure Design -- 7.3.2 Software Development -- 7.3.2.1 Single-Point and Single-Layer Element Changes Over Time. , 7.3.2.2 Single-Point and Single-Layer Element Changes Over Sea Depth -- 7.3.2.3 Single Element Field Dynamic Changing Over Time -- 7.3.2.4 Dynamic Changes in the Multilayer Elements Field Over Time -- 7.4 The Prototype System of Analysis of the Storm Surge Disaster Process -- 7.4.1 Data Structure -- 7.4.2 Software Structure Design -- 7.4.2.1 The Design of the Data Layer -- 7.4.2.2 The Design of the Function Layer -- 7.4.2.3 The Design of the User Layer -- 7.4.3 Software Development -- 7.5 The Analysis of Sea Level Rising -- 7.5.1 The System Structure -- 7.5.2 System Implementation -- 7.5.2.1 Model Integration Based on Service -- 7.5.2.2 Data Extraction and Optimization Based on Scenarios -- References -- Chapter 8: Coastal Remote Sensing -- 8.1 Coastline Automatic Extraction with Remote Sensing Data -- 8.1.1 Introduction of Coastline Extraction Technology -- 8.1.2 New Methods for Coastline Extraction -- 8.1.2.1 NDWI Threshold Segmentation -- 8.1.2.2 Automatic Selection of Samples -- 8.1.2.3 SVM Classification Model -- 8.1.2.4 Post-processing -- 8.1.3 Experiment and Analysis -- 8.1.4 Summary -- 8.2 Intertidal Zone Identification by Remote Sensing Image -- 8.2.1 Introduction -- 8.2.2 Methodology -- 8.2.3 Intertidal Zone Mapping -- 8.2.4 Conclusions -- 8.3 Coastal Wetland Classification Using Remote Sensing -- 8.3.1 Introduction -- 8.3.2 Coastal Wetland Classification Schemes -- 8.3.3 ``Tu-Pu´´ Coupled Coastal Wetland Hierarchical Classification -- 8.3.4 Experiment and Validation -- 8.3.5 Regional Application: Analysis of Dynamic Changes in the Yellow River Estuary Wetland -- 8.3.5.1 Background of the Study Area -- 8.3.5.2 Yellow River Estuary Wetland Mapping -- 8.3.5.3 Change Analysis of Yellow River Estuary Wetlands -- 8.4 Coastal Invasive Species Detection with Remote Sensing: A Case Study of Spartina alterniflora in Xiangshan Bay, China. , 8.4.1 Introduction -- 8.4.2 Study Area -- 8.4.3 Methodology -- 8.4.4 Results and Analysis -- 8.4.5 Summary -- References -- Chapter 9: Applications and Practice of Digital Ocean and Digital Coast -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.1.1 Ocean Ecological Environment Monitoring -- 9.1.2 Management of Shoreline and Islands -- 9.1.3 The Application in El Nino and Sea-Level Rising Study -- 9.1.4 The Application in Fisheries -- 9.2 Public Service Application of Digital Ocean -- 9.3 China Digital Ocean Information Infrastructure -- 9.3.1 Architecture -- 9.3.2 Construction and Development -- 9.4 Digital Ocean Application Service System -- 9.4.1 System Architecture -- 9.4.2 Main Function Module -- 9.4.3 Basic Ocean Data Retrieval and Services -- 9.4.4 The Statistical Analysis Application -- 9.4.5 Comprehensive Information Query -- 9.4.6 Thematic Application -- 9.4.7 Information Sharing and Exchange -- References.

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