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  • 1
    Keywords: Dissertation ; Hochschulschrift
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 1 Online-Ressource (46 Seiten = 2,5 MB) , Illustrationen
    Edition: 2021
    Language: German
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1433-0423
    Keywords: Key words Retinal perfusion • Cotton-wool spots • Cirrhosis • TIPS ; Schlüsselwörter Retinale Perfusion • Cotton-Wool-Herde • Leberzirrhose • TIPS
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Fragestellung: Bei fortgeschrittener Leberzirrhose mit portaler Hypertension wird oft die Anlage eines portosystemischen Shunts notwendig. Dies hat hämodynamische Auswirkungen auf den gesamten Organismus. Im Rahmen dieser Studie soll untersucht werden, ob pathologische Fundusveränderungen durch die Anlage eines solchen Shunts beeinflußt werden. Methode und Patienten: Bei 17 Patienten mit überwiegend alkoholtoxischer Leberzirrhose (13 Männer, 4 Frauen; mittleres Lebensalter 54 Jahre), die mit einem TIPS (transjugulärer intrahepatischer portosystemischer Stent-Shunt) versorgt wurden, wurde vor TIPS und 3 Monate später ein ophthalmologischer Status einschließlich Fundusfotographie erhoben. Ergebnisse: Bei 5 von 17 Patienten zeigten sich vor TIPS Cotton-Wool-Herde, andere Fundusveränderungen waren seltener (dreimal diskrete Gefäßveränderungen, zweimal kleine intraretinale Blutungen und einmal das Bild einer Stauungspapille). Alle diese Veränderungen waren beidseits. 3 Monate nach TIPS waren sie entweder ganz verschwunden oder deutlich rückläufig. Schlußfolgerung: Die pathologischen Fundusveränderungen werden als Zeichen einer gestörten retinalen Perfusion durch die portale Hypertension bei fortgeschrittener Leberzirrhose gedeutet. Die Anlage eines portosystemischen Shunts verbessert den Befund.
    Notes: Background: In patients with advanced cirrhosis and portal hypertension a portosystemic shunting procedure is often necessary. This induces haemodynamic changes in the systemic circulation. The aim of this study was to find out whether there were changes in the retinal perfusion as well. Methods and patients: 17 patients with mainly ethyl-toxic cirrhosis (13 male, 4 female; mean age 54 years, range 34–72 years) underwent ophthalmologic examination before and 3 months after TIPS (transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic stent shunt). Results: Before TIPS there were pathological findings in 11 patients: In five cases cotton-wool spots, in three cases discrete vessel abnormalities, in two cases small intraretinal haemorrhages and in one case papilloedema. In all cases these pathological findings were similar in both eyes. Three months after TIPS all these changes had completely disappeared or were at least considerably declining. Conclusions: The pathological findings in patients with advanced cirrhosis were interpreted as signs of reduced retinal perfusion. After a portosystemic shunting procedure signs of recovery were seen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1573-7365
    Keywords: Portal-systemic encephalopathy (PSE) ; hepatic encephalopathy (HE) ; transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic stent-shunt(TIPS) ; S100β
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Portal-systemic encephalopathy is the prototype among the neuropsychiatric disorders that fall under the term Hepatic Encephalopathies. Ammonia toxicity is central to the pathophysiology of Portal-systemic encephalopathy, and neuronal ammonia toxicity is modulated by activated astrocytes. The calcium-binding astroglial key protein S100β is released in response to glial activation, and its measurement in serum only recently became possible. Serum S100β was determined by an ultrasensitive ELISA in patients (n=36) with liver cirrhosis and transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic stent-shunt. Subclinical portal-systemic encephalopathy and overt portal-systemic encephalopathy were determined by age-adjusted psychometric tests and clinical staging, respectively. Serum S100β was specifically elevated in the presence of subclinical or early portal-systemic encephalopathy, but not arterial ammonia. S100β levels elevated above a reference value (S100β ≤ 110pg/ml) or the cut off value determined in our group of patients (112pg/ml) predicted subclinical portal-systemic encephalopathy with a specificity and sensitivity of 100 and 56.5%, respectively. Serum S100β was significantly dependent on liver dysfunction (Child-Pugh score), but was more closely related to cognitive impairments than the score. Serum S100β seems to be a promising biochemical surrogate marker for mild cognitive impairments due to portal-systemic encephalopathy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
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    In:  (PhD/ Doctoral thesis), Christian-Albrechts-Universität Kiel, Kiel, Germany, 45 pp
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Type: Thesis , NonPeerReviewed
    Format: text
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