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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2023-12-19
    Description: Industrialization in the Northern Hemisphere has led to warming and pollution of natural ecosystems. We used paleolimnological methods to explore whether recent climate change and/or pollution had affected a very remote lake ecosystem, i.e. one without nearby direct human influence. We compared sediment samples that date from before and after the onset of industrialization in the mid-nineteenth century, from four short cores taken at water depths between 12.1 and 68.3 m in Lake Bolshoe Toko, eastern Siberia. We analyzed diatom assemblage changes, including diversity estimates, in all four cores and geochemical changes (mercury, nitrogen, organic carbon) from one core taken at an intermediate water depth. Chronologies for two cores were established using 210Pb and 137Cs. Sedimentation rates were 0.018 and 0.033 cm year〈sup〉−1〈/sup〉 at the shallow- and deep-water sites, respectively. We discovered an increase in light planktonic diatoms (Cyclotella) and a decrease in heavily silicified euplanktonic Aulacoseira through time at deep-water sites, related to more recent warmer air temperatures and shorter periods of lake-ice cover, which led to pronounced thermal stratification. Diatom beta diversity in shallow-water communities changed significantly because of the development of new habitats associated with macrophyte growth. Mercury concentrations increased by a factor of 1.6 since the mid-nineteenth century as a result of atmospheric fallout. Recent increases in the chrysophyte Mallomonas in all cores suggested an acidification trend. We conclude that even remote boreal lakes are susceptible to the effects of climate change and human-induced pollution.
    Description: Projekt DEAL
    Keywords: ddc:577.5 ; Diatoms ; Recent climate change ; Mercury ; Lake sediment cores ; Human impact
    Language: English
    Type: doc-type:article
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2024-04-26
    Description: Oxygen isotopes in biogenic silica (δ18O BSi) from lake sediments allow for quantitative reconstruction of past hydroclimate and proxy–model comparison in terrestrial environments. The signals of individual records have been attributed to different factors, such as air temperature (T air ), atmospheric circulation patterns, hydrological changes and lake evaporation. Here, we provide 55 composite down–core records published to date and complemented with additional lake basin parameters (e.g. lake water residence time and catchment size) to best characterize the signal properties. Records feature widely different temporal coverage and resolution ranging from decadal–scale records covering the last 150 years to records with multi–millennial scale resolution spanning glacial–interglacial cycles. Best coverage in number of records (N=37) and datapoints (N=2112) is available for northern hemispheric (NH) extra–tropic regions throughout the Holocene (corresponding to Marine Isotope Stage 1; MIS 1).
    Keywords: 03-2K, 05-4P; Age, interval; Alps; Americium-241 (yes/no); Argon-40/Argon-39 chronology (yes/no); AWI Arctic Land Expedition; BAIK13; Baikal; BALGGU171; Baringo-Bogoria Basin; Baunt Lake; BD_4; BDP1996; BDP96-2; BNT14_1-8; BUCKET; Bucket water sampling; Caesium-137 (yes/no); Calendar age, maximum/old; Calendar age, minimum/young; Carbon-14, number of samples used for chronology; Carbon-14 chronology (yes/no); Catchment area; Chronology; Co1309; Co1321; Co1412; Comment; COMPCORE; Compilation; Composite Core; CON01-6; CON01-603-2; CON01-605-3; Continent; Core; CORE; Core III; Core length; Country; D110; D160; Dating; delta O-18; Depth, description; Depth, sampling; Dethlingen; Diatom; Diatoms, δ18O (yes/no); Discharge, average per year; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; EC1; ELEVATION; Elgygytgyn2003; Elgygytgyn crater lake, Sibiria, Russia; Event label; EWK; From the HydroLakes database; From the original publication; G7/02; Garba Guracha; GC; Gear; GL1; Grandfather Lake; Gravity corer; Hausberg Tarn; Heart Lake; HL-1; HT1; Identification; Isotope notation; Isotopes, precipitation (yes/no); Isotopes, water (yes/no); Kamchatka2007; KL_Mg; KOL; KTK2; KULC; KULLENBERG corer; L850; Ladoga Lake, Russia; Lago Chungara; Laguna Verda Baja; Laguna Verde Alta; Laguna Zacapu; Lake; Lake, depth, maximum; Lake, depth, mean; Lake 850; Lake Baikal, Russia; Lake Baikal/Academician Ridge; Lake Bolshoye Shchuchye, Polar Urals, Russia; Lake Brazi; Lake Challa; Lake Chuna; Lake Emanda; Lake Gosciaz; Lake Kotokel; Lake Malawi; Lake Petit; Lake Pinarbasi; Lake Pupuke; Lake Rutundu; Lake sediment core; Lake Spaime; Lake Stuor Goussasjavri; Lake surface area; Lake Tilo; Lake type; Lake water volume; LATITUDE; LB03-01; LB04-02; LC-1; LCHA-1; Lead-210 (yes/no); Lead-214 (yes/no); Les Echets; LG-1; Linsley Pond; Livingstone piston corer; Location type; LONGITUDE; LP1; LPC; LR-1; LS-1; LSG-1; LT1; LVA-1; LVB-1; Lz1024; Lz1029; M98-2P; MACC; Mackereth corer; Magnetic susceptibility (yes/no); Makgadikgadi; MBG-1; MC-2; Mica Lake; NAR0110; Nar Golu; Nettilling Lake; Ni-2B; northeastern Siberia; Number of points; NW-Spain; Optically stimulated luminescence chronology (yes/no); OUTCROP; Outcrop sample; P2; P210; P260; paleoclimate proxy; Paleomagnetics (yes/no); PCOR; PCUWI; Percussion corer; Persistent Identifier; PET09P2; PG1857-2; Piston corer, UWITEC; Piston corer (Kiel type); Piston corer Meischner large; PN94C; Profile; PTAU1; Radium-226 (yes/no); Reference/source; Residence time; RM1; RU-Land_2003_Elgygytgyn; RU-Land_2007_Kamchatka; RUSC; Russian corer; Sampling/drilling in lake; Schrader Pond; SCP16-2A; SEDCO; Sediment corer; SHT1; SIL-MC; Simba Tarn; Small Hall Tarn; SQRL; Square-rod Livingston piston sampler; ST1; Sunken Island Lake; Tauca; TDB-1; Tephra/volcanic ash; Time resolution; TL1; Tonsberg Lake; Two-Yurts Lake; Type; Uranium-thorium chronology (yes/no); Used in paper for synthesis and analysis; Varve chronology (yes/no); VAY1; Vereshchagin; Vuolep Allakasjaure; Year of publication; Year of sampling; Yellowstone Lake; YL16-2C; ZAC/3; ZK2
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 2978 data points
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2024-04-25
    Description: Oxygen isotopes in biogenic silica (δ18O BSi) from lake sediments allow for quantitative reconstruction of past hydroclimate and proxy–model comparison in terrestrial environments. The signals of individual records have been attributed to different factors, such as air temperature (T air ), atmospheric circulation patterns, hydrological changes and lake evaporation. Here, we provide 55 composite down–core records published to date and complemented with additional lake basin parameters (e.g. lake water residence time and catchment size) to best characterize the signal properties. Records feature widely different temporal coverage and resolution ranging from decadal–scale records covering the last 150 years to records with multi–millennial scale resolution spanning glacial–interglacial cycles. Best coverage in number of records (N=37) and datapoints (N=2112) is available for northern hemispheric (NH) extra–tropic regions throughout the Holocene (corresponding to Marine Isotope Stage 1; MIS 1).
    Keywords: 03-2K, 05-4P; AGE; Alps; Aluminium oxide; AWI Arctic Land Expedition; BAIK13; Baikal; BALGGU171; Baringo-Bogoria Basin; Baunt Lake; BD_4; BDP1996; BDP96-2; BNT14_1-8; BUCKET; Bucket water sampling; Co1309; Co1321; Co1412; COMPCORE; Compilation; Composite Core; CON01-6; CON01-603-2; CON01-605-3; Core; CORE; Core III; Corrected for contamination; D110; D160; delta O-18; Depth, composite bottom; Depth, composite mean; Depth, composite top; Depth, relative; Dethlingen; Diatom; Diatoms, δ18O; Diatoms, δ18O, standard deviation; DRILL; Drilling/drill rig; EC1; Elgygytgyn2003; Elgygytgyn crater lake, Sibiria, Russia; Event label; EWK; G7/02; Garba Guracha; GC; GL1; Grandfather Lake; Gravity corer; Hausberg Tarn; Heart Lake; HL-1; HT1; Identification; Kamchatka2007; KL_Mg; KOL; KTK2; KULC; KULLENBERG corer; L850; Laboratory code/label; Ladoga Lake, Russia; Lago Chungara; Laguna Verda Baja; Laguna Verde Alta; Laguna Zacapu; Lake 850; Lake Baikal, Russia; Lake Baikal/Academician Ridge; Lake Bolshoye Shchuchye, Polar Urals, Russia; Lake Brazi; Lake Challa; Lake Chuna; Lake Emanda; Lake Gosciaz; Lake Kotokel; Lake Malawi; Lake Petit; Lake Pinarbasi; Lake Pupuke; Lake Rutundu; Lake sediment core; Lake Spaime; Lake Stuor Goussasjavri; LB03-01; LB04-02; LC-1; LCHA-1; Les Echets; LG-1; Linsley Pond; Livingstone piston corer; LP1; LPC; LR-1; LS-1; LSG-1; LVA-1; LVB-1; Lz1024; Lz1029; M98-2P; MACC; Mackereth corer; Makgadikgadi; MBG-1; MC-2; Mica Lake; NAR0110; Nar Golu; Nettilling Lake; Ni-2B; northeastern Siberia; NW-Spain; OUTCROP; Outcrop sample; P2; P210; P260; paleoclimate proxy; PCOR; PCUWI; Percussion corer; PET09P2; PG1857-2; Piston corer, UWITEC; Piston corer (Kiel type); Piston corer Meischner large; PN94C; PTAU1; Raw data; RM1; RU-Land_2003_Elgygytgyn; RU-Land_2007_Kamchatka; RUSC; Russian corer; Sample code/label; Sampling/drilling in lake; Schrader Pond; SCP16-2A; Section; SEDCO; Sediment corer; SHT1; Silicon dioxide; SIL-MC; Simba Tarn; Small Hall Tarn; SQRL; Square-rod Livingston piston sampler; ST1; Sunken Island Lake; Tauca; TDB-1; TL1; Tonsberg Lake; Two-Yurts Lake; VAY1; Vereshchagin; Vuolep Allakasjaure; Yellowstone Lake; YL16-2C; ZAC/3; ZK2; δ13C, diatom-bound organic matter
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 19805 data points
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2024-04-25
    Description: Oxygen isotopes in biogenic silica (δ18O BSi) from lake sediments allow for quantitative reconstruction of past hydroclimate and proxy–model comparison in terrestrial environments. The signals of individual records have been attributed to different factors, such as air temperature (T air ), atmospheric circulation patterns, hydrological changes and lake evaporation. Here, we provide 55 composite down–core records published to date and complemented with additional lake basin parameters (e.g. lake water residence time and catchment size) to best characterize the signal properties. Records feature widely different temporal coverage and resolution ranging from decadal–scale records covering the last 150 years to records with multi–millennial scale resolution spanning glacial–interglacial cycles. Best coverage in number of records (N=37) and datapoints (N=2112) is available for northern hemispheric (NH) extra–tropic regions throughout the Holocene (corresponding to Marine Isotope Stage 1; MIS 1).
    Keywords: Compilation; delta O-18; Diatom; Lake sediment core; paleoclimate proxy
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2016-08-13
    Description: Nettilling Lake is located on Baffin Island, Nunavut, Canada between the areas of past warming (Canadian High Arctic to the North) and climatic stability (Northern Quebec and Labrador region to the South). Despite being the largest lake in the Nunavut region with a postglacial marine to lacustrine transition history only a few paleo-environmental investigations were completed in this area. The oxygen isotope composition of diatoms (d18O diatom) can provide valuable insights into paleo-environmental conditions. Here, the recent (isotope) hydrology and hydrochemical data from the lake are presented to facilitate the interpretation of a d18O diatom record from an 82 cm sediment core (Ni-2B). The well-mixed lake (d18O water = -17.4‰) is influenced by a heavier (less negative) isotope composition (-18.80‰) from Amadjuak River draining Amadjuak Lake to the South and water of lighter (more negative) isotopic composition (-16.4‰) from the Isurtuq River originating from Penny Ice Cap in the North-East. From the d18O water and d18O diatom of the topmost sample of core Ni-2B a D18O silica-water of 1000 ln alpha(silica-water) = 40.2‰ for sub-recent diatoms of Nettilling Lake was calculated matching the known water-silica fractionation for fossil sediments well and thereby showing the general applicability of this proxy for paleo-reconstructions in this region. Extremely large d18O diatom variations in the core of more than 13‰ are mainly induced by changes in the isotopic composition of the lake water due to a shift from glaciomarine (d18O diatom = +34.6‰) through brackish (+23.4 to +27.2‰) towards lacustrine (+21.5‰) conditions (transition zones glaciomarine to brackish at 69 cm/7300 yr cal. BP and brackish to lacustrine at 35 cm/6000 yr cal. BP) associated with a shift in the degree of salinity. Our study provides the first evidence that paleo-salinity can be reconstructed by d18O diatom. Additionally, for the lacustrine section it could be demonstrated that d18O diatom may serve as a proxy for past air temperature within the same core recording a late Holocene cooling of about 4°C being consistent with other published values for the greater Baffin region.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 6
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    Copernicus Publications
    In:  EPIC3EGU General Assembly 2021, online, 2021-04-19-2021-04-30Lacustrine oxygen isotope records from biogenic silica (δ18OBSi) – a global compilation and review, Göttingen, Copernicus Publications
    Publication Date: 2021-06-20
    Description: Isotope records are crucial for proxy-model comparison in paleoclimatology because of their advantage of being directly comparable with isotope-enabled paleoclimate model outputs. Oxygen isotopes (δ18O) are commonly measured on carbonates (i.e. ostracods, authigenic carbonates) and biogenic silica (mainly diatoms). Oxygen isotopes in lacustrine carbonates (δ18OCaCO3) have been studied extensively for several decades, yet they are subject to complex species-dependent fractionation processes and not available globally. Lacustrine oxygen isotope records from biogenic silica (δ18OBSi), on the other hand, likely do not display species-dependent fractionation effects (or only very minor) and offer insight even in data-sparse regions devoid of carbonates, such as the Arctic. To date, more than 70 lacustrine δ18OBSi records have been published. These case studies have been complemented with additional efforts addressing climatic and hydrological backgrounds, laboratory techniques and possible species-dependent fractionation as well as deposition and dissolution effects. Here, we present the first comprehensive review and global compilation of lacustrine δ18OBSi records, with explicit regard to their individual lake basin parameters. With this work, we aim at contributing to bridging the gap between modelling and isotope geochemistry approaches regarding terrestrial archives in paleoclimatology. Departing from hitherto prevalent case studies, we assess what we can learn from lacustrine δ18OBSi records globally, considering lake basin characteristics, spatial and temporal coverage as well as hydrological background information. This improves both the usability of δ18OBSi for proxy-model comparison and our understanding of the general constraints for interpreting lacustrine δ18OBSi records.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Conference , notRev
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 7
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    Società Geologica Italiana
    In:  EPIC3PALEOARC 2021 - 2nd International Conference on 'Processes and Palaeo-environmental changes in the Arctic from past to present', Pisa, 2021-05-24-2021-05-28Roma, Società Geologica Italiana
    Publication Date: 2021-06-20
    Description: Lake sediments constitute important terrestrial archives of past climate and environments. While different kinds of proxy data can be obtained from these sediments, oxygen isotopes (δ18O) are of particular interest in paleoclimatology. They record changes of climate and hydrology in a quantitative way. Commonly, δ18O is measured on carbonates (i.e. ostracods) and biogenic silica (mainly diatoms). While oxygen isotopes in lacustrine carbonates (δ18OCaCO3) have been studied extensively for several decades, they are subject to complex species-dependent fractionation processes and not available globally. Lacustrine oxygen isotope records from biogenic silica (δ18OBSi), on the other hand, likely do not display species-dependent fractionation effects (or only very minor) and offer insight even in data-sparse regions devoid of carbonates, such as the Arctic. More than 40 lacustrine δ18OBSi records from mid- and high-latitude regions of the northern hemisphere have been published to date. Interpreting case studies of δ18OBSi, however, is challenging due to a complex interplay of climatic and hydrological factors. Therefore, these individual case studies have been complemented with additional efforts addressing climatic and hydrological backgrounds, laboratory techniques, possible species-dependent fractionation as well as deposition and dissolution effects. Here, we combine records from sites across northern Eurasia and North America to a circum-arctic stack in order to infer common underlying trends throughout the Holocene. With this work, we aim at providing new insight on the variability of Holocene hydroclimate as well as on the interplay between lacustrine archives and the δ18O-proxy. This improves both the usability of δ18OBSi for proxy-model comparison and our understanding of the general constraints for interpreting lacustrine δ18OBSi records
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Conference , notRev
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  • 8
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    In:  EPIC3Fourth 'PAST Gateways' (Palaeo-Arctic Spatial and Temporal Gateways) International Conference, Trondheim, Norway, 2016-05-23-2016-05-27
    Publication Date: 2016-11-15
    Description: The need for better understanding of long-term climate and environmental variability in the Foxe Basin (Nunavut, Canada) is highlighted by the major environmental changes in this highly sensitive region, which occupies a transitional position between areas undergoing drastic and more subtle changes in the High and Low Canadian Arctic over the course of the last millennium, respectively. However, high-resolution long-term climate records remain scarce in the Foxe Basin region even though it is of key importance to understanding Holocene climate evolution since the last deglaciation. In order to reconstruct the regional postglacial climatic and environmental variability, we adopted a multi-proxy paleolimnological approach analysing sedimentary records retrieved from Nettilling Lake on southern Baffin Island, involving elemental geochemistry from high-resolution µ-XRF analyses, diatom assemblage composition and oxygen isotope records from fossil diatom silica (δ18Odiatom). The oxygen isotope composition of diatoms (δ18Odiatom) yields extremely large δ18Odiatom variations in the core of more than 13‰ which are mainly driven by changes in the isotopic composition of the lake water due to a shift from glacio-marine to brackish (at ca. 7400 yr cal BP) towards lacustrine conditions (at ca. 6000 yr cal BP) associated with decreasing salinity also documented by shifts in the composition of diatom assemblages. Our study provides evidence that paleo-salinity can be inferred from δ18Odiatom. Additionally, in the lacustrine section of the core,, δ18Odiatom may also serve as a proxy for past air temperatures recording a late Holocene cooling of about 4°C for the greater Baffin region. Furthermore, the results obtained from our study provide new insights into the timing of regional glacier retreat (ca. 8300 cal BP) and the duration of the postglacial marine invasion (from ca. 7400 cal BP to ca. 6000 cal. BP), thereby complementing ongoing research of postglacial environmental dynamics in the Foxe Basin and on south-western Baffin Island.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Conference , notRev
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2016-11-30
    Description: Thermokarst lakes are widespread in arctic and subarctic regions. In subarctic Québec (Nunavik), they have grown in number and size since the mid-20th century. Recent studies have identified that these lakes are important sources of greenhouse gases. This is mainly due to the supply of catchment-derived dissolved organic carbon that generates anoxic conditions leading to methane production. To assess the potential role of climate-driven changes in hydrological processes to influence greenhouse-gas emissions, we utilized water isotope tracers to characterize the water balance of thermokarst lakes in Nunavik during three consecutive mid- to late summer seasons (2012-2014). Lake distribution stretches from shrub-tundra overlying discontinuous permafrost in the north to spruce-lichen woodland with sporadic permafrost in the south. Calculation of lake-specific input water isotope compositions (I) and lake-specific evaporation-to-inflow (E/I) ratios based on an isotope-mass balance model reveal a narrow hydrological gradient regardless of diversity in regional landscape characteristics. Nearly all lakes sampled were predominantly fed by rainfall and/or permafrost meltwater, which suppressed the effects of evaporative loss. Only a few lakes in one of the southern sampling locations, which overly highly degraded sporadic permafrost terrain, appear to be susceptible to evaporative lake-level drawdown. We attribute this lake hydrological resiliency to the strong maritime climate in coastal regions of Nunavik. Predicted climate-driven increases in precipitation and permafrost degradation will likely contribute to persistence and expansion of thermokarst lakes throughout the region. If coupled with an increase in terrestrial carbon inputs to thermokarst lakes from surface runoff, conditions favorable for mineralization and emission of methane, these water bodies may become even more important sources of greenhouse gases.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2016-08-14
    Description: The need for better understanding of long-term climate and environmental variability in the Foxe Basin (Nunavut, Canada) is highlighted by the major environmental changes in this highly sensitive region, which occupies a transitional position between areas undergoing drastic and more subtle changes in the High and Low Canadian Arctic over the course of the last millennium, respectively. However, high-resolution long-term climate records remain scarce in the Foxe Basin region even though it is of key importance to understanding Holocene climate evolution since the last deglaciation. In order to reconstruct the regional postglacial climatic and environmental variability, we adopted a multi-proxy paleolimnological approach analysing sedimentary records retrieved from Nettilling Lake on southern Baffin Island, involving elemental geochemistry from high-resolution µ-XRF analyses, diatom assemblage composition and oxygen isotope records from fossil diatom silica (δ18Odiatom). The oxygen isotope composition of diatoms (δ18Odiatom) yields extremely large δ18Odiatom variations in the core of more than 13‰ which are mainly driven by changes in the isotopic composition of the lake water due to a shift from glacio-marine to brackish (at ca. 7400 yr cal BP) towards lacustrine conditions (at ca. 6000 yr cal BP) associated with decreasing salinity also documented by shifts in the composition of diatom assemblages. Our study provides evidence that paleo-salinity can be inferred from δ18Odiatom. Additionally, in the lacustrine section of the core,, δ18Odiatom may also serve as a proxy for past air temperatures recording a late Holocene cooling of about 4°C for the greater Baffin region. Furthermore, the results obtained from our study provide new insights into the timing of regional glacier retreat (ca. 8300 cal BP) and the duration of the postglacial marine invasion (from ca. 7400 cal BP to ca. 6000 cal. BP), thereby complementing ongoing research of postglacial environmental dynamics in the Foxe Basin and on south-western Baffin Island.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Conference , notRev
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