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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Measuring Uncertainty (1980)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Teaching statistics 2 (1980), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-9639
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Mathematik
    Notizen: When analysing situations which involve decisions to be made as between alternative courses of action under conditions of uncertainty, decision maker and their advisers are often called upon to assess judgemental probability distributions of quantities whose true values are unknown to them. How can this judgement be taught?
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9639.1980.tb00367.x
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Copper and zinc in an ecological series of talitroidean Amphipoda (Crustacea) (1987)
    Springer
    Oecologia 73 (1987), S. 120-126 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Schlagwort(e): Copper ; Zinc ; Amphipoda ; Talitroidea ; Terrestrial adaptation ; Haemocyanin ; Britain
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary Cu and Zn concentrations were determined for the following talitroidean amphipods, Hyale nilssoni (Rathke), Talitrus saltator (Montagu), Talorchestia deshayesii (Audouin), Orchestia mediterranea Costa, O. gammarellus (Pallas), O cavimana Heller and Arcitalitrus dorrieni (Hunt) in September 1986 from sites in W. Britain (mostly Scottish). To minimize size effects, only animals 〉2mg body dry weight were included in analyses. Only Talorchestia (Cu & Zn) and O. cavimana (Zn) showed any residual relationship between metal concentration and dry weight. Log transformed data for concentrations of each metal against log dry wt. in all species were compared by ANCOVA. Copper and zinc concentrations of males and females were not significantly different in O. gammarellus, O. mediterranea and T. deshayesii, though Cu (but not Zn) concentrations differed with sex in O. cavimana. The order of species when ranked according to an ascending series of Cu concentrations (at standard body weight) reflected their ecological zonation from sea to land closely, with species living proximal to the sea having lowest Cu concentrations. The 6 talitrid species all had similar Zn concentrations but the Zn concentration of H. nilssoni was considerably lower. There was a relationship between Cu and Zn concentrations in individuals of only one species (O. gammarellus). Data on Cu and Zn concentrations for O. gammarellus derived from the same site in September 1983 were almost exctly the same as in September 1986. The possible impact of seasonal variation on haemocyanin levels is discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00376987
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  • 3
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    A DUTCH BOOK AND SUBJECTIVE PROBABILITIES (1983)
    Oxford : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    The British journal for the philosophy of science. 34 (1983) 263 
    Details
    ISSN: 0007-0882
    Thema: Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Philosophie
    Notizen: DISCUSSIONS
    URL: http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pao:&rft_dat=xri:pao:article:4064-1983-034-00-000014
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The burrows and physiological adaptations to a burrowing lifestyle of Natatolana borealis (Isopoda: Cirolanidae) (1995)
    Springer
    Marine biology 123 (1995), S. 805-814 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract The isopod Natatolana borealis Lilljeborg constructs U-shaped burrows in soft mud, the bore of which closely approximates the width of the occupant. Within artificial burrows, the isopods are largely quiescent and often adopt a position close to one of the burrow openings. Conditions within burrows constructed in the laboratory are moderately hypoxic [11.7 to 14.9 kPa (88 to 112 torr)], with isopods showing discontinuous irrigation behaviour (pleopod beating). Rates of oxygen consumption $$(\dot M_{O_2 } )$$ (measured at 10°C) are maintained approximately constant over a wide range of oxygen partial pressure (PO 2) due, in part, to a pronounced increase in pleopod beat rate. Values for the “critical” partial pressure of oxygen (Pc), the PO 2 at which $$\dot M_{O_2 } $$ can no longer be maintained independent of PO 2, were 2.0 to 3.3 kPa (15 to 25 torr). N. borealis can survive lengthy periods (65 h at 5°C) of anoxia, during which there is a significant reduction in the carbohydrate concentration and an increase in the l-lactate concentration of the tissues. The oxygencarrying capacity of the haemolymph of N. borealis was low. The haemocyanin showed a relatively high oxygen affinity [P50=0.39 kPa (2.99 torr) at 10°C at the in vivo pH of 7.80] and a pronounced Bohr effect (-1.22). These characteristics may be advantageous to a burrowing mode of life and also for the conditions likely to be encountered in fish carcasses into which they burrow en masse to feed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00349124
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Comparative metal analyses in amphipod crustaceans (1986)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 141 (1986), S. 273-289 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Schlagwort(e): Amphipod crustaceans ; heavy metal concentration ; size effects ; copper ; zinc ; iron ; lead
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Concentrations of Cu, Zn, Fe and Pb have been measured in amphipods (Crustacea:Amphipoda) from marine, littoral, semi-terrestrial and freshwater habitats in S. W Scotland, including amphipods expected to have high body metal loads. Metal concentrations (y) were affected greatly by body size (x) and could be modelled by the power function (y = a x b ), with the smallest amphipods containing the highest concentrations. This finding cautions against the uncritical use of mean metal concentrations in assessments of heavy metal contamination using crustacean monitors. Data were transformed logarithmically for comparison by regression analysis, analysis of variance and analysis of covariance which compensated for the size effect. Essential metal concentrations are compared against theoretical estimates of metabolic requirements. The effects of seasonal changes and the presence of gut contents on metal concentrations have also been considered.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00014222
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Seasonal variation in copper and zinc concentrations in three talitrid amphipods (Crustacea) (1990)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 196 (1990), S. 65-72 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Schlagwort(e): copper ; zinc ; seasonal variation ; talitrid amphipods
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Cu and Zn concentrations were determined for three talitrid amphipods, Orchestia gammarellus (Pallas), O. mediterranea Costa and Talitrus saltator (Montagu), collected at two-monthly intervals in 1987 from sites on Great Cumbrae Island, Firth of Clyde, Scotland. To account for size effects, log transformed Cu and Zn concentrations were regressed against log dry weight for each bimonthly sample of each species, and compared by analysis of covariance. Copper concentrations in O. gammarellus were significantly raised in March 1987, and lowered in November 1987. Copper concentrations in O. mediterranea and T. saltator were significantly lowered in November 1987. Cu concentrations differed interspecifically in the order O. gammarellus 〉 O. mediterranea 〉 T. saltator. There was no significant intraspecific seasonal variation in zinc concentration in any of the three species. Zn concentrations differed interspecifically in the order T. saltator 〉 O. gammarellus 〉 O. mediterranea.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00008893
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  • 7
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    Fate of discarded invertebrates from the Norway lobster fishery (2000)
    In:  EPIC3Autumn meeting of the Scottish Association for Marine Science, Edinburgh (UK)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2019-07-17
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: Conference , notRev
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  • 8
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    Damage sustained by epibenthic invertebrates discarded in the Nephrops fishery of the Clyde Sea area, Scotland (2001)
    In:  EPIC3Journal of Sea Research, 45, pp. 105-118
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2019-07-17
    Beschreibung: The Clyde Sea Nephrops fishery produces ca. 25,000ty1 discards with invertebrates accounting for up to 90% of the number of animals discarded. Trawling and handling of the (by-)catch often results in physical injury, the extent of which was previously unknown.Damage sustained by invertebrate discards was assessed following commercial trawling (of 62-270min duration) and sorting on deck. Brittlestars Ophiura ophiura were most vulnerable with 100% incurring damage, followed by squat lobsters Munida rugosa (57%) and starfish Astropecten irregularis (56%). Harder-shelled species such as hermit crabs Pagurus bernhardus and queen scallops Aequipecten opercularis sustained fewer injuries (14 and 2%, respectively). Shell chipping, loss and damage of limbs were the most frequent types of injury incurred. The severity and frequency of damage was mainly correlated with species-specific morphological and behavioural characteristics. Vessel type, tow duration and animal size had a major influence on damage to the epibenthic invertebrates caught. While damage may potentially be repaired, survival is adversely affected and sublethal effects might significantly impair fitness of frequently trawled individuals and populations.
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: Article , isiRev
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 9
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    Mortality of Asterias rubens and Ophiura ophiura discarded in the Nephrops fishery of the Clyde Sea area, Scotland (2001)
    In:  EPIC3ICES Journal of Marine Science, 58, pp. 531-542
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2019-07-17
    Beschreibung: The Clyde Sea Nephrops fishery produces large amounts of invertebrate discards. Of these, up to 80% (by numbers) are echinoderms, including the starfishAsterias rubens and the brittlestar Ophiura ophiura. The short- and longer-term mortality of these species was determined after trawling in order to gain reliableestimates of trawl-induced mortality. Short-term mortality was assessed after trawling and periods of aerial exposure on deck, and ranged from 0-31%, with A.rubens showing lower mortality. Mortality of haphazardly collected echinoderms of various sizes and degrees of damage was monitored over one month todetermine longer-term mortality. The effects of injury on starfish survival were also examined, as were the effects of trawling and aerial exposure on O. ophiurasurvival and A. rubens righting time. Injured A. rubens had a significantly higher long-term mortality (22-96%) than controls (4%). Trawling and aerial exposuresignificantly increased righting times of A. rubens, implying susceptibility to stress and an increased risk of predation. Moribund A. rubens developed white lesionscontaining bacteria (Vibrio metschnikovii and Acinetobacter sp.) and mortality rates only stabilised in the third week after trawling. In contrast, all trawled O. ophiuradied within 14d. Immediate re-immersion in sea water resulted in lower, but nevertheless high, mortality (91%). Our results suggest that post-trawling mortality ofdiscarded echinoderms has been underestimated in the past.
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: Article , isiRev
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 10
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    Composition, damage and survival of non-target invertebrate discards from the Nephrops fishery in the Clyde Sea area, Scotland, UK (1998)
    In:  EPIC3ICES Symposium: Marine benthos dynamics: environmental and fisheries impacts, 5-7th of October 1998, Crete (Greece).
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2019-07-17
    Repository-Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Materialart: Conference , notRev
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