Note: COLLOQUIUM ON Virulence and Defense in Host-Pathogen Interactions: Common Features Between Plants and Animals -- Contents -- Introduction -- Colloquium Striking a balance: Modulation of the actin cytoskeleton by Salmonella -- THE CENTISOME 63 TYPE III SECRETION SYSTEM: SALMONELLA'S KEY TO ENTER INTO HOST CELLS -- REVVING UP RHO GTPASES: SIGNALING FOR ENTRY AND BEYOND -- DOWNSTREAM SIGNALING: EFFECTORS OF CDC42 AND RAC-1 FUNCTION -- FINE-TUNING THE ACTIN CYTOSKELETON REARRANGEMENTS: THE ROLE OF THE ACTIN-BINDING PROTEIN SIPA -- PUTTING ON THE BRAKES: A LESSON ON SELF-RESTRAINT -- LESSONS LEARNED FROM SALMONELLA -- Colloquium Structure and function of pectic enzymes: Virulence factors of plant pathogens -- DIFFERENCE IN OUTER BARRIERS OF PLANT AND MAMMALIAN CELLS -- DEGRADATIVE ENZYMES OF PLANT CELL WALL COMPONENTS -- THREE-DIMENSIONAL STRUCTURES OF PLANT CELL WALL DEGRADATIVE ENZYMES -- STRUCTURAL APPROACHES TO THE ELUCIDATION OF THE ENZYMATIC MECHANISM OF PELC -- STRUCTURE OF THE PELC R218K-(CA2+)4-PENTAGALPA COMPLEX -- SIGNIFICANCE OF MULTIPLE ISOZYMES FOR PATHOGENESIS -- MODEL OF THE PLB-MGALPA4 COMPLEX -- CONCLUSIONS -- METHODS -- Colloquium Pseudomonas syringae Hrp type III secretion system and effector proteins -- HOPPSYA, PHIR11, AND THE MINIMUM GENETIC UNIT FOR BACTERIAL ELICITATION OF THE HYPERSENSITIVE RESPONSE -- FUNCTIONS OF HRP SYSTEM COMPONENTS -- THE TRIPARTITE MOSAIC STRUCTURE OF THE P. SYRINGAE HRP PAI -- AN EEL MAKES A SMALL CONTRIBUTION TO PARASITIC FITNESS -- THE CEL IS IMPORTANT FOR PATHOGENICITY -- HRPK AND CEL ORF1 -- EFFECTOR PROTEIN SECRETION AND A UNIVERSAL TYPE III TARGETING SIGNAL -- CONCLUSIONS -- Colloquium Molecular and cell biology aspects of plague -- A DEVICE TO INJECT BACTERIAL PROTEINS ACROSS EUKARYOTIC CELL MEMBRANES -- EFFECTOR YOPS AND HOST RESPONSE. , Colloquium A framework for interpreting the leucine-rich repeats of the Listeria internalins -- INTERNALIN FAMILY -- INTERNALIN LRR -- LRR FLANKING SEQUENCES -- LRR PATTERN: STRUCTURAL RESIDUES -- LRR PATTERN: FUNCTIONAL RESIDUES -- Colloquium Acyl-homoserine lactone quorum sensing in Gram-negative bacteria: A signaling mechanism involved in associations… -- OVERVIEW OF ACYL-HSL QUORUM SENSING -- QUORUM SENSING IN P. AERUGINOSA -- REGULATION OF VIRULENCE BY QUORUM SENSING IN P. AERUGINOSA -- BIOFILMS AND QUORUM SENSING -- FUTURE CHALLENGES -- Colloquium Phenotypic variation and intracellular parasitism by Histoplasma capsulatum -- MODULATION OF Α-(1,3)-GLUCAN IN THE CELL WALL -- CALCIUM AND INTRACELLULAR PARASITISM -- REGULATION OF CBP -- HISTOPLASMA AS A MODEL SYSTEM -- Colloquium Exploitation of host cells by enteropathogenic Escherichia coli -- CLINICAL SYMPTOMS AND PATHOLOGY -- THE LOCUS OF ENTEROCYTE EFFACEMENT -- LOCALIZED EPEC ADHERENCE TO EPITHELIAL CELLS -- EPEC-SECRETED PROTEINS -- INTIMATE ADHERENCE AND THE ROLE OF TIR -- STRUCTURE OF THE A/E LESIONS -- SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION -- MECHANISMS OF EPEC-MEDIATED DIARRHEA -- PATHOGENESIS IN ANIMAL MODELS -- EPEC INTERACTIONS WITH THE INTACT HOST -- CONCLUSIONS -- Colloquium Genetic complexity of pathogen perception by plants: The example of Rcr3,a tomato gene required specifically by… -- VIRULENCE AND AVIRULENCE -- R PROTEINS -- R GENE EVOLUTION -- RESULTS AND DISCUSSION -- Colloquium Plants and animals share functionally common bacterial virulence factors -- P. AERUGINOSA PATHOGENESIS -- DEVELOPMENT OF THE ARABIDOPSIS-P. AERUGINOSA MODEL -- PATHOGENICITY OF PA14 IN A MOUSE BURN MODEL -- SHARED VIRULENCE FACTORS IN PLANT AND ANIMAL PATHOGENESIS -- USE OF NONVERTEBRATE HOSTS TO IDENTIFY VIRULENCE-ASSOCIATED GENES INVOLVED IN MAMMALIAN PATHOGENESIS. , WHAT TYPES OF VIRULENCE MECHANISMS ARE CONSERVED THROUGH EVOLUTION? -- CONCLUSIONS -- Colloquium Role of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator in innate immunity to Pseudomonas aeruginosa… -- CF -- MICROBIAL ASPECTS OF LUNG INFECTION IN CF -- CFTR AND INITIATION OF P. AERUGINOSA INFECTION -- LUNG EPITHELIAL CELLULAR INTERNALIZATION OF P. AERUGINOSA REQUIRES CFTR BINDING TO BACTERIAL LPS… -- HOW DOES INGESTION OF P. AERUGINOSA LEAD TO ITS CLEARANCE FROM THE LUNG? -- CFTR EXPRESSION IN THE CORNEA AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH P. AERUGINOSA ULCERATIVE KERATITIS -- SPECIFICITY OF CFTR BINDING FOR OTHER BACTERIAL PATHOGENS AND ITS CONSEQUENCES IN OTHER TISSUES -- CONCLUSIONS -- Colloquium Bad bugs and beleaguered bladders: Interplay between uropathogenic Escherichia coli and innate host defenses -- BACTERIAL ADHERENCE IN THE URINARY TRACT -- TYPE 1 PILUS-MEDIATED BACTERIAL INVASION -- PRIMARY BLADDER DEFENSES -- BLADDER CELL EXFOLIATION AS A DEFENSE -- NEUTROPHIL INFLUX AND CYTOKINES -- PERSISTENT AND RECURRENT UTIS -- Colloquium AvrPto-dependent Pto-interacting proteins and AvrPto-interacting proteins in tomato -- ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF PROTEINS THAT INTERACT WITH PTO IN AN AVRPTO-DEPENDENT FASHION -- ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF PROTEINS THAT INTERACT WITH AVRPTO -- DISCUSSION -- Colloquium Reactive oxygen and nitrogen intermediates in the relationship between mammalian hosts and microbial pathogens -- CHEMICALLY REACTIVE MICROMOLECULES IN HOST DEFENSE -- MICROBIAL RESISTANCE TO RNI -- PERSPECTIVE -- Colloquium Nitric oxide and salicylic acid signaling in plant defense -- RESULTS AND DISCUSSION -- CONCLUSIONS -- Colloquium The role of antimicrobial peptides in animal defenses -- THE NATURE OF CATIONIC ANTIMICROBIAL PEPTIDES -- MECHANISM OF PRODUCTION IN ANIMALS -- EVIDENCE FOR THEIR ROLE IN HOST DEFENSES. , MECHANISM OF ACTION -- ROLE IN COUNTERACTING SEPSIS -- PEPTIDE/LYSOZYME AND PEPTIDE/PEPTIDE SYNERGY -- POTENTIAL AS THERAPEUTICS -- Colloquium Suramin inhibits initiation of defense signaling by systemin,chitosan, and a -glucan elicitor in suspension… -- MATERIALS AND METHODS -- RESULTS -- DISCUSSION.