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  • 1
    Book
    Book
    Identification of seafloor provinces : specific applications at the deep-sea Håkon Mosby Mud Volcano and the North Sea = Identifikation von Meeresboden-Provinzen : Fallstudien am Tiefsee-Schlammvulkan Håkon Mosby und in der Nordsee (2007)
    Bremerhaven : Alfred-Wegener-Inst. für Polar- und Meeresforschung
    Details Availability
    Keywords: Ocean bottom ; Mud volcanoes ; Deep sea ecology ; Hochschulschrift ; Nordsee-Senke ; Schlammvulkan ; Gesteinsprovinz ; Schildvulkan ; Barentssee ; Nordsee ; Meeresboden ; Meeresgeologie ; Schlammvulkan ; Daten ; Nordsee ; Meeresboden ; Vulkan
    Type of Medium: Book
    Pages: XIII, 165 S. , Ill., graph. Darst., Kt.
    Series Statement: Berichte zur Polar- und Meeresforschung 542
    URL: http://www.gbv.de/dms/hebis-darmstadt/toc/184221706.pdf
    RVK:
    RY 20075
    RVK:
    TI 7300
    Language: English
    Note: Mit e. Zsfass. in engl. u. dt. Sprache , Zugl.: Bremen, Univ., Diss., 2006
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  • 2
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    Optical observations and spatio-temporal projections of gelatinous zooplankton in the Fram Strait, a gateway to a changing Arctic Ocean (2023)
    Frontiers
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-07
    Description: Global warming causes profound environmental shifts in the Arctic Ocean, altering the composition and structure of communities. In the Fram Strait, a transitional zone between the North-Atlantic and Arctic Ocean, climate change effects are particularly pronounced and accelerated due to an increased inflow of warm Atlantic water. Gelatinous zooplankton are known as key predators, consuming a great variety of prey and playing an important role in marine ecosystems. Insufficient knowledge of how gelatinous zooplankton are affected by environmental change has resulted in a notable gap in the understanding of the future state of Arctic ecosystems. We analyzed the diversity and abundance of gelatinous zooplankton down to 2600 m depth and established the first regional baseline dataset using optical observations obtained by the towed underwater camera system PELAGIOS (Pelagic In situ Observation System). Our data estimate the abundance of 20 taxa of gelatinous zooplankton. The most abundant taxa belong to the family of Rhopalonematidae, mainly consisting of Aglantha digitale and Sminthea arctica, and the suborder Physonectae. Using the observational data, we employed a joint species distribution modelling approach to better understand their distributional patterns. Variance partitioning over the explanatory variables showed that depth and temperature explained a substantial amount of variation for most of the taxa, suggesting that these parameters drive diversity and distribution. Spatial distribution modelling revealed that the highest abundance and diversity of jellyfish are expected in the marginal sea-ice zones. By coupling the model with climate scenarios of environmental changes, we were able to project potential changes in the spatial distribution and composition of gelatinous communities from 2020 to 2050 (during the summer season). The near-future projections confirmed that with further temperature increases, gelatinous zooplankton communities in the Fram Strait would become less diverse but more abundant. Among taxa of the Rhopalonematidae family, the abundance of Aglantha digitale in the entire water column would increase by 2%, while a loss of up to 60% is to be expected for Sminthea arctica by 2050. The combination of in situ observations and species distribution modelling shows promise as a tool for predicting gelatinous zooplankton community shifts in a changing ocean.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed , info:eu-repo/semantics/article
    Format: text
    Format: other
    Format: other
    Format: text
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 3
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    Crabeater seals (Lobodon carcinophaga) in the Weddell Sea during DRE1998 campaign
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Nachtsheim, Dominik A; Jerosch, Kerstin; Hagen, Wilhelm; Plötz, Joachim; Bornemann, Horst (2016): Habitat modelling of crabeater seals (Lobodon carcinophaga) in the Weddell Sea using the multivariate approach Maxent. Polar Biology, 40(5), 961-976, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-016-2020-0
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-05-12
    Description: The crabeater seal (Lobodon carcinophaga) is the most abundant Antarctic seal and inhabits the circumpolar pack ice zone of the Southern Ocean. Until now, information on important environmental factors affecting its distribution as well as on foraging behaviour is limited. In austral summer 1998, 12 crabeater seals of both sexes and different age classes were equipped with satellitelinked dive recorders at Drescher Inlet (72.85°S, 19.26°E), eastern Weddell Sea. To identify suitable habitat conditions within the Weddell Sea, a maximum entropy (Maxent) modelling approach was implemented. The model revealed that the eastern and southern Weddell Sea is especially suitable for crabeater seals. Distance to the continental shelf break and sea ice concentration were the two most important parameters in modelling species distribution throughout the study period. Model predictions demonstrated that crabeater seals showed a dynamic response to their seasonally changing environment emphasized by the favoured sea ice conditions. Crabeater seals utilized ice-free waters substantially, which is potentially explained by the comparatively low sea ice cover of the Weddell Sea during summer 1998. Diving behaviour was characterized by short (〉90 % = 0-4 min) and shallow (〉90 % = 0-51 m) dives. This pattern reflects the typical summer and autumn foraging behaviour of crabeater seals. Both the distribution and foraging behaviour corresponded well with the life history of the Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba), the preferred prey of crabeater seals. In general, predicted suitable habitat conditions were congruent with probable habitats of krill, which emphasizes the strong dependence on their primary prey.
    Keywords: Marine Mammal Tracking; MMT
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 55 datasets
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  • 4
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    Crabeater seals (Lobodon carcinophaga) in the Weddell Sea during DRE1998 campaign, with link to shapefiles of filtered and unfiltered seal locations for ArcGIS visualisation (2015)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-04-21
    Keywords: DrescherInlet; Marine Mammal Tracking; MMT
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 277.8 kBytes
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  • 5
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    Crabeater seals (Lobodon carcinophaga) in the Weddell Sea during DRE1998 campaign, with link to files of gridded seal locations and environmental parameters for Maxent analyses (2015)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-04-21
    Keywords: DrescherInlet; Marine Mammal Tracking; MMT
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 8.3 MBytes
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  • 6
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    Bathymetrical Map of the North Sea, Skagerrak and Kattegat (2006)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-03-16
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 3.9 MBytes
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  • 7
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    A geomorphological seabed classification for the Weddell Sea, Antarctica, with links to ArcGIS project files (2015)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Jerosch, Kerstin; Kuhn, Gerhard; Krajnik, Ingo; Scharf, Frauke Katharina; Dorschel, Boris (2015): A geomorphological seabed classification for the Weddell Sea, Antarctica. Marine Geophysical Research, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11001-015-9256-x
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-10-28
    Description: Sea floor morphology plays an important role in many scientific disciplines such as ecology, hydrology and sedimentology since geomorphic features can act as physical controls for e.g. species distribution, oceanographically flow-path estimations or sedimentation processes. In this study, we provide a terrain analysis of the Weddell Sea based on the 500 m × 500 m resolution bathymetry data provided by the mapping project IBCSO. Seventeen seabed classes are recognized at the sea floor based on a fine and broad scale Benthic Positioning Index calculation highlighting the diversity of the glacially carved shelf. Beside the morphology, slope, aspect, terrain rugosity and hillshade were calculated. Applying zonal statistics to the geomorphic features identified unambiguously the shelf edge of the Weddell Sea with a width of 45-70 km and a mean depth of about 1200 m ranging from 270 m to 4300 m. A complex morphology of troughs, flat ridges, pinnacles, steep slopes, seamounts, outcrops, and narrow ridges, structures with approx. 5-7 km width, build an approx. 40-70 km long swath along the shelf edge. The study shows where scarps and depressions control the connection between shelf and abyssal and where high and low declination within the scarps e.g. occur. For evaluation purpose, 428 grain size samples were added to the seabed class map. The mean values of mud, sand and gravel of those samples falling into a single seabed class was calculated, respectively, and assigned to a sediment texture class according to a common sediment classification scheme.
    Keywords: AWI_GeoPhy; AWI_Paleo; File name; File size; Marine Geophysics @ AWI; Paleoenvironmental Reconstructions from Marine Sediments @ AWI; Priority Programme 1158 Antarctic Research with Comparable Investigations in Arctic Sea Ice Areas; South Atlantic; Southern_Ocean_Atlantic_sector; SPP1158; Uniform resource locator/link to file
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 9 data points
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  • 8
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    Present and future potential distribution of cold-water corals in the Weddell Sea (N Antarctica) modelled with Biomod2 (2023)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-09-05
    Description: Interests in exploring Cold Water Corals (CWC) ecosystems witnessed a dramatic increase in the last decades, after the realisation that their habitats are threatened by ocean warming and acidification. However, they are still largely overlooked by the scientific community in deep and harsh environments like the Southern Ocean. Recent advances in species distribution models (SDM) have allowed forecasting species distribution patterns and assessing climate change impacts at different spatial scales. Several limitations related to the accuracy of species presences, the lack of reliable absence data and the limited spatial resolution of environmental factors, have restricted the widespread utilisation of these approaches in polar areas. In this work, real presence-absence records of 13 species were gathered from research expeditions and literature and combined with model-generated pseudo-absences, to cover the study area. Moreover, a final set of 14 high-resolution environmental variables was pre-selected and nine species distribution modelling algorithms were merged with means of the ensemble forecasting platform 'biomod2' to model the habitat suitability for azooxanthallate scleractinian corals, in the Weddell Sea. 'Biomod2' is implemented in 'R' and is a freeware, open source package. Response of scleractinian distribution to the future climate change was also investigated, based on two future scenarios of the bottom sea temperature. Present ensemble prediction maps accurately captured the potential ecological niches of the modelled species (good to excellent true skill statistic (TSS) and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) evaluation measures). In the Weddell Sea, scleractinian distribution is limited to the continental shelf and slope areas with preference to small scale features (i.e., seamounts), which have been identified as having a high probability of supporting cold-water coral habitat. The most important factors in determining CWC habitat suitability were distance to coast and ice shelves, bathymetry, calcium carbonate and temperature. The response of scleractinian to future climate revealed some changes in small-scale spatial distribution patterns. Under warmer conditions, the CWC will probably expand their distribution range by a total of 6 to 10%, by 2037 and 2150 respectively, compared to the present. This expansion would concern the Filchner Trough and the adjacent continental shelves as well as the eastern side of the Antarctic Peninsula.
    Keywords: File content; File format; File name; File size; Uniform resource locator/link to file; Weddell_Sea
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 10 data points
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  • 9
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    Ensemble prediction distribution maps of macroalgae for current conditions and four climate change scenarios and high resultion bathymetry for Potter Cove, WAP, Antarctica (2015)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Supplement to: Jerosch, Kerstin; Scharf, Frauke Katharina; Deregibus, Dolores; Campana, Gabriela L; Zacher-Aued, Katharina; Pehlke, Hendrik; Abele, Doris; Quartino, Maria Liliana (in prep.): The potential macroalgae habitat shifts in an Antarctic Peninsula fjord due to climate change.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-16
    Description: Species distribution models (SDM) predict species occurrence based on statistical relationships with environmental conditions. The R-package biomod2 which includes 10 different SDM techniques and 10 different evaluation methods was used in this study. Macroalgae are the main biomass producers in Potter Cove, King George Island (Isla 25 de Mayo), Antarctica, and they are sensitive to climate change factors such as suspended particulate matter (SPM). Macroalgae presence and absence data were used to test SDMs suitability and, simultaneously, to assess the environmental response of macroalgae as well as to model four scenarios of distribution shifts by varying SPM conditions due to climate change. According to the averaged evaluation scores of Relative Operating Characteristics (ROC) and True scale statistics (TSS) by models, those methods based on a multitude of decision trees such as Random Forest and Classification Tree Analysis, reached the highest predictive power followed by generalized boosted models (GBM) and maximum-entropy approaches (Maxent). The final ensemble model used 135 of 200 calculated models (TSS 〉 0.7) and identified hard substrate and SPM as the most influencing parameters followed by distance to glacier, total organic carbon (TOC), bathymetry and slope. The climate change scenarios show an invasive reaction of the macroalgae in case of less SPM and a retreat of the macroalgae in case of higher assumed SPM values.
    Keywords: IMCOAST/IMCONet; Impact of climate induced glacier melt on marine coastal systems, Antarctica; Priority Programme 1158 Antarctic Research with Comparable Investigations in Arctic Sea Ice Areas; SPP1158
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
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  • 10
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    A compilation of physical oceanography CTD profiles (Conductivity, Temperature & Density), voltage, turbidity and salinity - 123 Stations in Potter Cove, KGI, Antarctic during 24 years of German-Argentinian cooperation (1991-2015) (2016)
    PANGAEA
    In:  Universidad Nacional de Córdoba
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-16
    Description: FOR DOWNLOAD THE COMPLETE FILE PLEASE USE THE "OTHER VERSION". 363322 values, 1037 CTD profiles (Conductivity, Temperature & Density), salinity, voltage and pressure data compiled at 123 stations, spatially distribute in entire Potter Cove. Variable available: Coordinates of stations, depth sampling [m], water temperature [°C], potential temperature [°C], salinity [psu], density [kg/m^3], conductivity [mS/cm], turbidity [NTU], voltage [V], press [dbar].The depth has been classified into three categories 0-5 m; 5-15 m and over 15 m. 5 stations were monthly sampled: E1, E2, E3 (18, 17, 6 years, respectively); Faro and Peñon de Pesca (all months except June & July for 2 and 3 years, respectively). The other 118 stations belong to summer season only covering 1 to 5 years sampling. Transects for summer 1996/1997, 2007 and 2008 have been georeferenced and newly available. Device used: CTD/Rosette (CTD-RO).
    Keywords: IMCOAST/IMCONet; Impact of climate induced glacier melt on marine coastal systems, Antarctica
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 21 datasets
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