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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Effect of Warm SST in the Subtropical Eastern North Pacific on Triggering the Abrupt Change of the Mei-Yu Rainfall over South China in the Early 1990s
    American Meteorological Society ; 2020
    In:  Journal of Climate Vol. 33, No. 2 ( 2020-01-15), p. 657-673
    Details
    In: Journal of Climate, American Meteorological Society, Vol. 33, No. 2 ( 2020-01-15), p. 657-673
    Abstract: In the early 1990s, the mei-yu rainfall over South China in early boreal summer exhibited an abrupt change and northward extension. This change altered the pattern of East Asian summer rainfall from a dipole-like to a monopole-like pattern; that is, the out-of-phase relationship between the rainfall in the south and that in the north of the Yangtze and Huaihe River valley changed to an in-phase relationship. The physical processes potentially responsible for triggering this abrupt change were analyzed in this study. Our observations revealed that the western North Pacific subtropical high (WNPSH), sea surface temperature (SST) in the subtropical eastern North Pacific (SENP), and the mei-yu rainfall in South China exhibited an abrupt increase in the early 1990s, suggesting that these factors are correlated. From the observations and results of numerical experiments, we proposed that the abrupt SST warming in the SENP in the early 1990s generated an east–west overturning circulation anomaly in the Pacific Ocean and that the anomalous downward motion in the western North Pacific consequently triggered the abrupt increase and westward extension of the WNPSH in the early 1990s. The enhanced and westward extension of WNPSH created a low-level southeasterly anomaly that transported considerable humid and warm air into East Asia and sequentially triggered the abrupt increase of mei-yu rainfall in the South China in the early 1990s.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0894-8755 , 1520-0442
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1175/JCLI-D-18-0292.1
    RVK:
    UA 4548
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: American Meteorological Society
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 246750-1
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2021723-7
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Future Changes in Tropical Cyclone Intensity and Frequency over the Western North Pacific Based on 20-km HiRAM and MRI Models
    American Meteorological Society ; 2021
    In:  Journal of Climate Vol. 34, No. 6 ( 2021-03), p. 2235-2251
    Details
    In: Journal of Climate, American Meteorological Society, Vol. 34, No. 6 ( 2021-03), p. 2235-2251
    Abstract: The future changes in tropical cyclone (TC) intensity and frequency over the western North Pacific (WNP) under global warming remain uncertain. In this study, we investigated such changes using 20-km resolution HiRAM and Meteorological Research Institute (MRI) models, which can realistically simulate the TC activity in the present climate. We found that the mean intensity of TCs in the future (2075–99) would increase by approximately 15%, along with an eastward shift of TC genesis location in response to the El Niño–like warming. However, the lifetime of future TCs would be shortened because the TCs tend to have more poleward genesis locations and move faster due to a stronger steering flow related to the strengthened WNP subtropical high in a warmer climate. In other words, the enhancement of TC intensity in the future is not attributable to the duration of TC lifetime. To understand the processes responsible for the change in TC intensity in a warmer climate, we applied the budget equation of synoptic-scale eddy kinetic energy along the TC tracks in model simulations. The diagnostic results suggested that both the upper-level baroclinic energy conversion (CE) and lower-level barotropic energy conversion (CK) contribute to the intensified TCs under global warming. The increased CE results from the enhancement of TC-related perturbations of temperature and vertical velocity over the subtropical WNP, whereas the increased CK mainly comes from synoptic-scale eddies interacting with enhanced zonal-wind convergence associated with seasonal-mean and intraseasonal flows over Southeast China and the northwestern sector of WNP.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0894-8755 , 1520-0442
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1175/JCLI-D-20-0417.1
    RVK:
    UA 4548
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: American Meteorological Society
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 246750-1
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2021723-7
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Seasonal Dependence of TC–ISO Relationship and Its Potential Effect on the Intensification of TCs in the Western North Pacific since the Early 2000s
    American Meteorological Society ; 2023
    In:  Journal of Climate Vol. 36, No. 13 ( 2023-07-01), p. 4413-4427
    Details
    In: Journal of Climate, American Meteorological Society, Vol. 36, No. 13 ( 2023-07-01), p. 4413-4427
    Abstract: This study reported that the intensification of tropical cyclones (TCs) to major TCs (MTCs) in the western North Pacific (WNP) region exhibited strong difference between boreal autumn (SON) and summer (JJA) since the early 2000s; the ratio of MTCs to the total number of TCs (MTC ratio) has continuously increased in SON but not in JJA. Due to this difference, more MTCs form and pass through the western flank of the WNP region in SON. The increase of the MTC ratio in SON was associated with interdecadal variability in TC activity and 30–60-day intraseasonal oscillations (ISOs) variability. The mean genesis location of TCs and ISOs accompanied by a negative outgoing longwave radiation anomaly shrunk and shifted westward simultaneously in SON since the early 2000s due to the westward extension of the WNP subtropical high. However, this change was not observed in JJA. This westward shift of ISO substantially modulated large-scale thermodynamic and dynamic conditions, which in turn enhanced the TC–ISO interaction and accelerated energy conversion between TC and ISO. The kinetic energy budget along the MTC track was further analyzed to understand the TC–ISO interaction. Both the lower-level barotropic energy conversion (CK) and upper-level baroclinic energy conversion (CE) contributed to the intensification of TCs. CK mainly resulted from the scale interaction between TCs and ISO, whereas CE resulted from TC-related perturbations. Significant Statement This study reported the seasonality of TC intensification in the WNP during the early 2000s. Here, we extended the previous work to present that the interdecadal increase of the ratio of TC developing to major TC (MTC; ≥category 3; referred to MTC ratio) exhibits strong seasonal dependence. That is, the MTC ratio stays stationary approximately in 30% for JJA, but it jumps from 40% to 50% in SON. Consequently, more MTCs form and pass through the western flank of the WNP region in SON. The possible physical processes behind the increase of MTC ratio were discussed. These results may advance our knowledge about the TC intensification and were helpful for TC prediction.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0894-8755 , 1520-0442
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1175/JCLI-D-22-0657.1
    RVK:
    UA 4548
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: American Meteorological Society
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 246750-1
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2021723-7
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    2018年夏季の特異な北西太平洋モンスーンに対する局所および遠隔海面水温の複合影響
    Meteorological Society of Japan ; 2020
    In:  Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan. Ser. II Vol. 98, No. 6 ( 2020), p. 1369-1385
    Details
    In: Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan. Ser. II, Meteorological Society of Japan, Vol. 98, No. 6 ( 2020), p. 1369-1385
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0026-1165 , 2186-9057
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.2151/jmsj.2020-071
    Language: English
    Publisher: Meteorological Society of Japan
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2598896-7
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2109305-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 241374-7
    SSG: 14
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Enhanced relationship between the tropical Atlantic SST and the summertime western North Pacific subtropical high after the early 1980s
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 2014
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Vol. 119, No. 7 ( 2014-04-16), p. 3715-3722
    Details
    In: Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 119, No. 7 ( 2014-04-16), p. 3715-3722
    Abstract: The relationship between the TA‐SST and the WNPSH was enhanced after the early 1980s The ENSO's impact on the TA‐SST has been weakening since the early 1980s The warm TA‐SST may improve the predictability of the boreal summertime WNPSH
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2169-897X , 2169-8996
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/jgrd.v119.7
    DOI: 10.1002/2013JD021394
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 710256-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016800-7
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2969341-X
    SSG: 16,13
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Enhanced Influences of Tropical Atlantic SST on WNP–NIO Atmosphere–Ocean Coupling since the Early 1980s
    American Meteorological Society ; 2016
    In:  Journal of Climate Vol. 29, No. 18 ( 2016-09-15), p. 6509-6525
    Details
    In: Journal of Climate, American Meteorological Society, Vol. 29, No. 18 ( 2016-09-15), p. 6509-6525
    Abstract: This paper reports a new finding and related mechanism: the forcing effect of the tropical Atlantic (TA) sea surface temperature (SST) on the atmosphere–ocean coupling in the western North Pacific (WNP) and northern Indian Ocean (NIO). Since the early 1980s, the TA SST has increased and, notably, exhibited an enhanced interannual statistical relationship with the WNP subtropical high and NIO SST in boreal summer. Empirical diagnostics reveal the following spatial pattern linking the TA SST and the atmosphere–ocean coupling in the Pacific and Indian Ocean: 1) a cyclonic (anticyclonic) circulation pair straddling the equator over the eastern Pacific, 2) an anticyclonic (cyclonic) circulation pair straddling the equator in the WNP and Indian Ocean, 3) overturning circulation with ascending (descending) and descending (ascending) anomalies over the TA and tropical western Pacific, respectively, and 4) positive (negative) SST anomaly in the TA and NIO. The characteristics of this pattern are consistent with those of a WNP–NIO coupling pattern identified in a previous study. Empirical diagnostics and numerical simulations indicate that the TA SST serves as a forcing to induce low-level divergence and streamfunction anomalies in the Indian Ocean and the western Pacific. The latter in turn induces anomalous heat storage in the NIO and enhances the WNP–NIO coupling system, which is an intrinsic pattern engendered by the atmosphere–ocean interaction in the region. Without the remote influence of the TA SST forcing, the WNP–NIO coupling pattern and its impacts on the summer monsoon and TC variability in South Asia, East Asia, and the WNP would be considerably less significant than observed.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0894-8755 , 1520-0442
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1175/JCLI-D-15-0807.1
    RVK:
    UA 4548
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Meteorological Society
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 246750-1
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2021723-7
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Relative Contribution of Trend and Interannually Varying SST Anomalies to the 2018 Heat Waves in the Extratropical Northern Hemisphere
    American Meteorological Society ; 2021
    In:  Journal of Climate Vol. 34, No. 15 ( 2021-08), p. 6319-6333
    Details
    In: Journal of Climate, American Meteorological Society, Vol. 34, No. 15 ( 2021-08), p. 6319-6333
    Abstract: The northern extratropics—including regions in northern Europe, northeast Asia, and North America—experienced extremely prolonged heat waves during May–August 2018. Record-breaking surface temperatures, which caused numerous deaths, were observed in several cities. The 2018 heat waves exhibited a circumglobal characteristic owing to a circumpolar perturbation (CCP) in the middle–upper troposphere of the Northern Hemisphere (NH). The CCP had two parts: a wavelike perturbation and a hemispheric perturbation that was almost zonally symmetric. Singular-value decomposition analysis revealed that the zonally symmetric perturbation was coupled to the SST warming trend, whereas the wavelike perturbation was primarily coupled to the interannually varying SST anomaly (SSTA), particularly in the tropical North Pacific, which reached an extreme in 2018. Numerical experiments confirmed that the zonally symmetric component primarily resulted from the SSTA associated with the warming trend, whereas the interannually varying SSTAs in the NH contributed mostly to the wavelike perturbation. The warming trend component of SSTA, especially that in the tropics, compounded by the unusually large SSTAs in 2018, was hypothesized to have contributed to inducing the circumpolar circulation anomaly that caused the record-breaking heat waves in the extratropical NH in 2018.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0894-8755 , 1520-0442
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1175/JCLI-D-20-0556.1
    RVK:
    UA 4548
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: American Meteorological Society
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 246750-1
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2021723-7
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Effect of ISO‐SSE Interaction on Accelerating the TS to Severe TS Development in the WNP Since the Late 1990s
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 2018
    In:  Geophysical Research Letters Vol. 45, No. 21 ( 2018-11-16)
    Details
    In: Geophysical Research Letters, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 45, No. 21 ( 2018-11-16)
    Abstract: Our investigation revealed that the ratio of annual mean number of STS‐to‐TS exhibited an abrupt increase in the late 1990s Although the average lifetime of STS became shorter, the TS‐to‐STS development exhibited a faster speed since the late 1990s onward The barotropic energy conversion of SSE‐ISO contributed substantially to the rapid acceleration of TS‐to‐STS development
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0094-8276 , 1944-8007
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/2018GL079548
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2021599-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 7403-2
    SSG: 16,13
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Compounding factors causing the unusual absence of tropical cyclones in the western North Pacific during August 2014 : CAUSE OF THE ABSENCE OF TCS IN WNP IN AUGUST 2014
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 2016
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Vol. 121, No. 17 ( 2016-09-16), p. 9964-9976
    Details
    In: Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 121, No. 17 ( 2016-09-16), p. 9964-9976
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2169-897X
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/jgrd.v121.17
    DOI: 10.1002/2016JD025507
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 710256-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016800-7
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2969341-X
    SSG: 16,13
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Future Changes in the Frequency and Destructiveness of Landfalling Tropical Cyclones Over East Asia Projected by High‐Resolution AGCMs
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 2021
    In:  Earth's Future Vol. 9, No. 3 ( 2021-03)
    Details
    In: Earth's Future, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 9, No. 3 ( 2021-03)
    Abstract: The frequency of landfalling tropical cyclones (TCs) over East Asia is projected to nearly half by the end of 21st century The destructiveness of landfalling TCs show a tendency to strengthen in the future, with stronger winds and heavier precipitation The reduced frequency is attributed to less TC genesis, while the enhanced intensity is attributed to a higher intensification rate
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2328-4277 , 2328-4277
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/2020EF001888
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2746403-9
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